scholarly journals Designing for social experiences with and within autonomous vehicles – exploring methodological directions

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Strömberg ◽  
Ingrid Pettersson ◽  
Jonas Andersson ◽  
Annie Rydström ◽  
Debargha Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Wizard Of Oz ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Entity ◽  
The Many

The introduction of autonomous vehicles (autonomous vehicles) will reshape the many social interactions that are part of traffic today. In order for autonomous vehicles to become successfully integrated, the social interactions surrounding them need to be purposefully designed. To ensure success and save development efforts, design methods that explore social aspects in early design phases are needed to provide conceptual directions before committing to concrete solutions. This paper contributes an exploration of methods for addressing the social aspects of autonomous vehicles in three key areas: the vehicle as a social entity in traffic, co-experience within the vehicle and the user–vehicle relationship. The methods explored include Wizard of Oz, small-scale scenarios, design metaphors, enactment and peer-to-peer interviews. These were applied in a workshop setting with 18 participants from academia and industry. The methods provided interesting design seeds, however with differing effectiveness. The most promising methods enabled flexible idea exploration, but in a contextualized and concrete manner through tangible objects and enactment to stage future use situations. Further, combinations of methods that enable a shift between social perspectives were preferred. Wizard of Oz and small-scale scenarios were found fruitful as collaboration basis for multidisciplinary teams, by establishing a united understanding of the problem at hand.

Pease Porridge in a Pot: The Social Basis of Health and Healing in Africa

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Bruce Fetter
Keyword(s):  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Monographs And Collections ◽  
Social Basis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Press ◽  
Health And Healing ◽  
The Many

Pease porridge hot, pease porridge coldPease porridge in the pot nine days oldSome like it hot, some like it coldBut none like it in the pot nine days old.The recent flurry of monographs and collections relating to the social aspects of medicine and disease in Africa and elsewhere ensures that collections of essays on this topic will receive much attention and will be concomitantly influential. Under the circumstances it is particularly regretable that the volume under review has been published so many years after most of the essays in it were written, precluding their referring to the many recent advances in the field. Of the 21 articles and introductory essays in Steven Feierman and John Janzen, eds., The Social Basis of Health and Healing in Africa (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992), six (amounting to 24% of the text) are reprints, seven (35%) are revisions whose originals date from 1979 and 1981, and eight (41%) are originals. Of these latter, two chapters date from 1983, and two of the reprints have been supplanted by book-length monographs. One must therefore ask of the editors, the press, and the Joint Committee on African Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science Research Council whether such unusually delayed publication is justified.

The "Social" Determination of Strike Activity: An Explication and Critique

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Social Analysis ◽  
Strike Activity ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Causes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
Social Disorganisation

The social analysis of strike activity is in its infancy despite the many recent publications which focus on the "social" rather than the "economic" causes of strikes. In the past, writers have searched for fundamental causes and have concentrated on three major areas: social disorganisation, frustration and com munication and the basic conflict of interest between employer and employee. Now, utilising the concepts of structure and process, the social perspectives of strike activity have been reformulated. It would appear that the earlier, static, one-way approach may have distorted reality. Thus a dialectic between structure and process should form the focus of attention when considering the causes of strikes. The conclusion is that the concept of a dialectic is an important step forward in replacing the old fundamentalist perspective, even though the concept still requires considerable refinement before it can be fully operational as a useful research tool.

Social Interactions in Online Gaming

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Griffiths ◽  
Zaheer Hussain ◽  
Sabine M. Grüsser ◽  
Ralf Thalemann ◽  
Helena Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Online Gaming ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Personal Problems ◽  
Role Playing Games ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emotional Relationships

This paper briefly overviews five studies examining massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs). The first study surveyed 540 gamers and showed that the social aspects of the game were the most important factor for many gamers. The second study explored the social interactions of 912 MMORPG players and showed they created strong friendships and emotional relationships. A third study examined the effect of online socializing in the lives of 119 online gamers. Significantly more male gamers than female gamers said that they found it easier to converse online than offline, and 57% of gamers had engaged in gender swapping. A fourth study surveyed 7,069 gamers and found that 12% of gamers fulfilled at least three diagnostic criteria of addiction. Finally, an interview study of 71 gamers explored attitudes, experiences, and feelings about online gaming. They provided detailed descriptions of personal problems that had arisen due to playing MMORPGs.

scholarly journals Where is the love? The social aspects of mimicry

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1528) ◽  
pp. 2381-2389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick van Baaren ◽  
Loes Janssen ◽  
Tanya L. Chartrand ◽  
Ap Dijksterhuis
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Moderation

One striking characteristic of human social interactions is unconscious mimicry; people have a tendency to take over each other's posture, mannerisms and behaviours without awareness. Our goal is to make the case that unconscious mimicry plays an important role in human social interaction and to show that mimicry is closely related to and moderated by our connectedness to others. First we will position human unconscious mimicry in relation to types of imitation used in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. Then we will provide support for social moderation of mimicry. Characteristics of both the mimicker and the mimickee influence the degree of mimicry in a social interaction. Next, we turn to the positive social consequences of this unconscious mimicry and we will present data showing how being imitated makes people more assimilative in general. In the final section, we discuss what these findings imply for theorizing on the mechanisms of imitation and point out several issues that need to be resolved before a start can be made to integrate this field in the broader context of research on imitation.

Withshare

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Chen ◽  
Benjamin V. Hanrahan ◽  
John M Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Local Community ◽  
User Study ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The Social ◽  
Important Design

Coproductions are reciprocal activities that all parties are actively engaged in and create synergies that cannot be produced by one party alone. Coproduction activities are important for community building, as the social interactions among community members create social values such as new social ties, trust and reciprocal recognition. Mobile technologies bring new opportunity for coproductions by supporting small-scale reciprocal activities that are location and time sensitive. In this article, the authors introduce and study WithShare, a smartphone application that helps people to organize such coproduction activities. A 3-week user study with 38 young adults in a local community of college students shows WithShare facilitates the coordination of opportunistic and lightweight reciprocal activities in their daily life. The results highlight potentials of coproduction activities in strengthening existing social ties, and establishing new weak ties in the local community. The findings suggest important design implications for mobile technologies to support coproduction activities.

scholarly journals Capability of social life cycle assessment for analyzing the artisanal small-scale gold mining sector—case study in the Amazonian rainforest in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2274-2289
Author(s):  
Sally K. Springer ◽  
Bernhard G. Peregovich ◽  
Mario Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Social Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
Amazonian Rainforest

Abstract Purpose Gold extraction in the Amazonian rainforest is accompanied by ecological threats and social grievances, but at the same time, the artisanal small-scale gold mining sector (ASGM) provides a livelihood for many people. To address this tradeoff, this paper analyzed the social aspects and their possible relations by conducting a case study based on a Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA). This study seeks to determine whether SLCA is capable of reflecting the sector. Method A literature-based guideline was used for collecting primary data during several field trips to the Tapajós Region in Brazil. This research instrument constituted the basis for information-oriented interviews and on-site observations. The SLCA categories used in this study were based on the United Nations Environment Programme and the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (UNEP/SETAC) guidelines and the categories in the Fairmined Standard. In addition, secondary data obtained from the literature were used to provide insights into the sector. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis with both deductive and inductive approaches. Results and discussion This study described the social aspects of the ASGM sector in the Tapajós Region, including the absence of the state, the illegality and informality of mining operations, the remote and rural area, and the organizational structure. In addition, the extraction methods, poor working conditions, and difficult living conditions were considered. Certain characteristics of the industry like unstable payments, worker movements, and low education levels were recognized, and thus, the relations among the social categories and rebound effects were identified. Several issues were proven to be key factors: unstable payments, autonomy, and the rebound effects of excavators. Complex relations among social issues but also towards ecological and economic issues do exist. The suitability of using the SLCA to reflect the ASGM sector was tested on this basis. Conclusion In some respects, the SLCA had limitations, e.g., due to the nonlinear relation between working hours and the amount of extracted gold. The impacts of technology depend on the underlying definition that is used. The current lack of cause-effect models impedes the assessment of an overall picture that considers the relations among the social aspects and other elements of sustainability. A holistic view must be applied if ecological problems are to be solved.

scholarly journals Silent Political Apathy in Urban Society: The Case of Medan 2018 Election

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Derajad Sulistyo Widhyharto ◽  
Desi Rahmawati ◽  
Norin Mustika Rahadiri Abheseka
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Cleavages ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Political Apathy ◽  
Gubernatorial Election ◽  
North Sumatra

Studies on non-voting behavior and which depart from social perspectives have long been stagnated due to the dominance of analysis that puts systems, institutionalization, political mechanisms and participation as the main viewpoints of the studies. This study using social perspectives is useful to explain why voters were not present at polling stations during the Medan 2018 Election. It elaborates the social aspects that influenced non-voting behavior in the urban area of Medan in North Sumatra, Indonesia during the 2018 gubernatorial election. Utilizing mix- method strategies, instead of citing social aspects as a mere research context, this article argues that social aspects in the form of social cleavages worked behind the silent apathy, namely apathy that was implicitly indicated by voters who were not present at polling stations. Social cleavages including ethnicity, religion and gender indicated a paradox since they—with the exception of gender—were used by candidates as the main campaign substance. On the other hand, large numbers of people showed disinterest in these social cleavages during the election. This article explains why abstained voters hid their disinterest behind their excuses for not being present at the polling stations for economic (working activities) and other reasons.

THE SOCIAL NATURE OF INFORMATION AND THE ROLE OF TRUST

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 381-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRISTIANO CASTELFRANCHI
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Interacting Agents ◽  
Information Agents ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nature Of Information

In this paper, I claim that "information" is a social construct, is created and tailored on purpose by somebody for somebody else or collectively, accepted, believed, or propagated through social interactions. In particular, I argue about the essential social nature of several crucial aspects of information in IT and specifically in relation to Information Agents. After situating this view of information within the broader perspective of Social Artificial Intelligence — the new AI paradigm — I analyize the intrinsic social aspects of information ontology, search and access, presentation, overload, credibility and sources, value. The issue of real "collaboration" in providing information deserves special attention and I introduce our theory of over-help and of the ability to provide something different from what is requested in order to satisfy the real need beyond the request. In the second part, I focus on the crucial role of trust (an intrinsically social and cognitive notion) for dealing with information and sources especially on the web. My objective is to claim that: if information per se is a social construct, then its technology should be socially designed and integrated, and that machines must be involved in real social relationships because they have to mediate them among humans. It is necessary incorporating some part of this social knowledge and capability in the information technology itself, especially in adaptive and interacting "agents" and MAS.

Peace Methods and Methodologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Pamina Firchow
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Peace Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Peace And Conflict ◽  
The Many

This chapter gives an overview of the many methods and epistemological approaches in the multidisciplinary study of peace and conflict that encompasses disciplines in the social sciences as well as the humanities. It argues that there is a rift in the field that reflects the differences in these approaches and proposes three possible avenues for conciliation. First, peace scientists need to acknowledge the conceptual and ethical concerns about the measurement of peace outlined by critical peace researchers. Second, the potential of participatory statistics should be taken more seriously and integrated widely in peace research. Third, multidisciplinary teams should be encouraged to work together on problems of peace and conflict in order to address critical unanswered questions from different viewpoints using a variety of methods in order to gain a greater holistic understanding of the challenges of building peace after war.

scholarly journals A Review of Roof and Pond Rainwater Harvesting System: The Design, Performance and Way Forward

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husnna Aishah Zabidi ◽  
Hui Weng Goh ◽  
Chun Kiat Chang ◽  
Ngai Weng Chan ◽  
Nor Azazi Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
The Many ◽  
Equatorial Climate

This paper reviews the design and component of two types of RWHS, namely roof harvesting system (RHS) and pond harvesting system (PHS). The performance in terms of quantity and quality of collected rainwater and energy consumption for RWHS with different capacities were evaluated, as well as the benefits and challenges particularly in environmental, economic and social aspects. Presently, RHS is more commonly applied but its effectiveness is limited by its small scale. The PHS is of larger scale and has greater potentials and effectiveness as an alternative water supply system. Results also indicate the many advantages of PHS especially in terms of economics, environmental aspects and volume of water harvested. While RHS may be suited to individual or existing buildings, PHS has greater potentials and should be applied in newly developed urban areas with wet equatorial climate.

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