scholarly journals A Review of Roof and Pond Rainwater Harvesting System: The Design, Performance and Way Forward

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husnna Aishah Zabidi ◽  
Hui Weng Goh ◽  
Chun Kiat Chang ◽  
Ngai Weng Chan ◽  
Nor Azazi Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
The Many ◽  
Equatorial Climate

This paper reviews the design and component of two types of RWHS, namely roof harvesting system (RHS) and pond harvesting system (PHS). The performance in terms of quantity and quality of collected rainwater and energy consumption for RWHS with different capacities were evaluated, as well as the benefits and challenges particularly in environmental, economic and social aspects. Presently, RHS is more commonly applied but its effectiveness is limited by its small scale. The PHS is of larger scale and has greater potentials and effectiveness as an alternative water supply system. Results also indicate the many advantages of PHS especially in terms of economics, environmental aspects and volume of water harvested. While RHS may be suited to individual or existing buildings, PHS has greater potentials and should be applied in newly developed urban areas with wet equatorial climate.

scholarly journals A Review of Roof and Pond Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Water Security: The Design, Performance and Way Forward

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3163
Author(s):  
Husnna Aishah Zabidi ◽  
Hui Weng Goh ◽  
Chun Kiat Chang ◽  
Ngai Weng Chan ◽  
Nor Azazi Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
The Many ◽  
Equatorial Climate

Rapid urbanization, population explosion and climate change have threatened water security globally, regionally and locally. While there are many ways of addressing these problems, one of the innovative techniques is the recent employment of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) which include rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS). Therefore, this paper reviews the design and component of two types of RWHS, the namely roof harvesting system (RHS) and the pond harvesting system (PHS). The performance in terms of quantity and quality of collected rainwater and energy consumption for RWHS with different capacities were evaluated, as well as the benefits and challenges particularly in environmental, economic and social aspects. Presently, the RHS is more commonly applied but its effectiveness is limited by its small scale. The PHS is of larger scale and has greater potentials and effectiveness as an alternative water supply system. Results also indicate the many advantages of the PHS especially in terms of economics, environmental aspects and volume of water harvested. While the RHS may be suited to individual or existing buildings, the PHS has greater potentials and should be applied in newly developed urban areas with wet equatorial climate.

scholarly journals The sustainable urban design on the example of Oświęcim

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00080
Author(s):  
Krystyna Paprzyca
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

The quality of the urban environment determines a lasting relationship between a man and his place of residence. Sustainable management of the urban spaces is crucial as it directly affects their quality. The article analyses the results of the sustainability regarding spatial, socio-economic, technical and environmental aspects, which are one of the many conditions that contribute to the proper functioning of urban life. They also influence the quality of life and residence in the urban environment. There are different ways of expressing the development of the cities defined by specific indicators. They focus mainly on development of the quality of life - social, economic and environmental development. The sustainable urban design is related to issues connected with the form and spatial management. This topic is presented on the example of the city of Oświęcim - the Old Town district with the surrounding area.

Quality of rainwater harvesting in urban systems: case study in Colombia

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Morales-Pinzón ◽  
M. I. García-Serna ◽  
M. T. Flórez-Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Roofing Material ◽  
Fibre Cement ◽  
Alternative Water

An analysis of the utilisation and quality of rainwater in different collection systems located in the Pereira–Dosquebradas (Colombia) conurbation was conducted to evaluate the conditions in these systems and thus determine whether rainwater is safe water for domestic, commercial and industrial purposes. The quality of rainwater and its relation to selected variables (roofing material, material deposits, piping material and amount of precipitation) were evaluated. Six buildings with different types of roofing (zinc, polycarbonate or fibre cement) that have installed systems to capture rainwater were selected for the evaluation. According to the results, the sampled water is suitable for different uses. In cities, rainwater can be adapted and eventually used as an alternative water source, thereby reducing dependence on local and external sources.

scholarly journals RAINWATER HARVESTING QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION: IIUM CASE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Nassereldeen Ahmed Kabashi Abuelfutouh ◽  
Mohamed Jamie ◽  
Abdurahman Nour ◽  
Noor Illi Fuad
Keyword(s):  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
One Year

This study focuses on rainwater harvesting quality at the Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). As development is progressing over the years in Malaysia, there is also an increasing number of environmental issues and those issues are getting worse day by day. At present, Malaysia is blessed with plentiful annual rainfall that represents approximately 314 mm of monthly rainfall but there is no evidence that this rainwater is redirected for daily usage. To pursue a more sustainable development, rainwater harvesting has been recognized as one innovative solution. The IIUM Gombak campus is located in a hillside area that is a suitable study area to perform rainwater harvesting, which can be used as an alternative water supply in the future and reduce utility bills for water used on the campus. Firstly, a suitable study area for rain water harvesting around KOE, IIUM was determined before collection of data to determine the storage capacity needed. This study includes the estimation of rainwater quantity that can be harvested in one year. The quality of rainwater in terms of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, total suspended solid (TSS), turbidity, and microbial count were studied. Data analysis showed that the values of BOD, COD, pH, TSS, turbidity, and microbial count were in the range of 2 - 3.2 mg/l, 22.5 – 42.5 mg/l, 5.9 - 6.5, 20 mg/l, 9 -11 NTU, and between 200 -260 cfu/ml, respectively. This indicates that the harvested rainwater is acceptably clean but not suitable to be used as drinking water. ABSTRAK: Fokus kajian ini adalah pada kualiti air hujan yang ditadah di Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia (UIAM). Sejajar dengan pembangunan pesat di Malaysia, isu alam sekitar juga semakin bertambah dan menjadi semakin teruk hari ke hari. Pada masa sama, ketika ini Malaysia dirahmati dengan hujan yang mencurah setiap tahun, dengan kuantiti bulanan sebanyak 314 mm air hujan dan tidak ada bukti penggunaan air hujan ini bagi kegunaan harian dsb. Bagi memenuhi keperluan kelangsungan pembangunan, penadahan air hujan dikenal pasti sebagai satu penyelesaian inovatif. Kampus UIAM Gombak terletak di kawasan pinggiran bukit yang sesuai bagi menjalankan kajian tadahan air hujan. Ianya boleh digunakan sebagai bekalan air alternatif pada masa depan dan mengurangkan bil utiliti bekalan air dalam kampus. Terlebih dahulu, kawasan kajian yang sesuai dikenal pasti berdekatan Fakulti Kejuruteraan, UIAM bagi mengumpul air hujan sebelum data dikumpulkan bagi mengenal pasti kapasiti pengumpulan yang diperlukan. Kajian ini juga menganggar kuantiti air hujan yang boleh ditadah dalam satu tahun. Kualiti air hujan dikaji dari segi keperluan oksigen biokimia (BOD), keperluan oksigen kimia (COD), pH, jumlah pepejal terampai (TSS), kekeruhan dan bilangan mikrob. Analisis data mendapati nilai BOD, COD, pH, TSS, kekeruhan dan bilangan mikrob berada dalam julat 2 - 3.2 mg/l, 22.5 – 42.5 mg/l, 5.9 - 6.5, 20 mg/l, 9 -11 NTU dan antara 200 -260 cfu/ml, masing-masing. Ini menunjukkan air hujan yang ditadah adalah boleh diterima sebagai bersih tetapi tidak sesuai dijadikan sebagai air minuman

scholarly journals STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DAERAH TERTINGGAL DALAM UPAYA PERCEPATAN PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI PEDESAAN

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Almasdi Syahza ◽  
Suarman Suarman
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The People ◽  
Rural And Urban

The implementation of development, especially in coastal areas of Riau Province, has not been able to improve the welfare of the people especially those living in rural areas. The disparity between rural and urban areas caused by bias and distortion of the development which more pro to urban economy. It causes disadvantaged areas that poor and underdeveloped. The strategy of disadvantaged areas development in Regency of Kepulauan Meranti is the development of agriculture sector based on agribusiness, because most of its population are farmers and fishermen. In the effort to spur the development from economic and social aspects in disadvantaged areas, then the program of rural development should prioritize the three main aspects, those are: 1) Improvement of People's Economy (Eradicate Poverty); 2) Improving the Quality of Human Resources (Alleviation of Ignorance); 3) Infrastructure Development.

scholarly journals Designing for social experiences with and within autonomous vehicles – exploring methodological directions

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Strömberg ◽  
Ingrid Pettersson ◽  
Jonas Andersson ◽  
Annie Rydström ◽  
Debargha Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Wizard Of Oz ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Entity ◽  
The Many

The introduction of autonomous vehicles (autonomous vehicles) will reshape the many social interactions that are part of traffic today. In order for autonomous vehicles to become successfully integrated, the social interactions surrounding them need to be purposefully designed. To ensure success and save development efforts, design methods that explore social aspects in early design phases are needed to provide conceptual directions before committing to concrete solutions. This paper contributes an exploration of methods for addressing the social aspects of autonomous vehicles in three key areas: the vehicle as a social entity in traffic, co-experience within the vehicle and the user–vehicle relationship. The methods explored include Wizard of Oz, small-scale scenarios, design metaphors, enactment and peer-to-peer interviews. These were applied in a workshop setting with 18 participants from academia and industry. The methods provided interesting design seeds, however with differing effectiveness. The most promising methods enabled flexible idea exploration, but in a contextualized and concrete manner through tangible objects and enactment to stage future use situations. Further, combinations of methods that enable a shift between social perspectives were preferred. Wizard of Oz and small-scale scenarios were found fruitful as collaboration basis for multidisciplinary teams, by establishing a united understanding of the problem at hand.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of rainwater harvested in East Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 200508-0
Author(s):  
Siti Nor Fazillah Abdullah ◽  
Azimah Ismail ◽  
Hafizan Juahir ◽  
R Badlishah Ahmad ◽  
Fathurrahman Lananan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
Secondary Aerosols ◽  
Alternative Water

As part of the implementation of a rainwater harvesting system as an alternative water source supply for non-potable use, therefore the characteristic of chemical compounds was significantly explored. The Department of Chemistry, Malaysia, gave the data set for three years (2017-2019). Some chemometric techniques, including PCA, were performed to identify the dimensionality of the rainwater data, hence establishing the rainfall index's purity to determine the quality of rainwater in the study area. Discriminant analysis managed to differentiate each rain gauge station. Cluster analysis was then applied to perform smaller group of rain gauge stations. The result demonstrates that sea salt, secondary aerosols, trace metals, crustal origin, and organic acid dominated the dimensionality of rainwater data with a total variance of 53.38% and indicated that the PRI was significantly diversified into good purity of rainfall index (GPRI), (Labuan and Danum Valley), moderate purity of rainfall index (MPRI), (Kuching and Tawau) and bad purity of rainfall index (BPRI), (Kota Kinabalu and Bintulu). From the study, it can be stipulated that the chemical composition of rainwater in the study area was attributable to the local activities.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Rainwater Harvesting Systems for Flood Reduction in Residential Urban Areas

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Freni ◽  
Lorena Liuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Area Of Study

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems have many benefits being an effective alternative water supply solution, not only in arid and semi-arid regions. Also, these systems can be useful in the reduction of flood risk in urban areas. Nevertheless, most of the studies in literature focused on the potential of RWH in reducing water consumption, whereas few examples examined their efficiency in the retention of stormwater in flood-susceptible residential areas. The aim of this work was to investigate the reliability of RWH systems in terms of stormwater retention. Specifically, the performance of RWH tanks to supply water for toilet flushing, in more than 400 single-family houses in a residential area of Sicily (Southern Italy) was analyzed. The area of study was chosen due to its high susceptibility to flooding. A flushing water demand pattern was defined using water consumption data collected during a measurement campaign. The yield-after-spillage algorithm was used to simulate the daily water balance of the RWH tanks. The effect of the RWH implementation on flood volumes in the area of study was quantified using FLO-2D. Results point out that the potential of neighborhood RWH installation in the mitigation of flood risk is highly related to rainfall amount.

scholarly journals RAINWATER HARVESTING AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF DOMESTIC WATER IN LAMPUNG PROVINCE - INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Gatot Eko Susilo ◽  
Tri Budi Prayogo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Supporting Capacity ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Local Water

Urban areas in Indonesia will experience water crisis in the future due to the rapid population growth. Local water companies will face big problems to meet the water needs of these cities in the future, due to limited water resources and environmental degradation. Efforts to find new alternative water sources are important to undertake in order to ensure the availability of clean and fresh water in the future. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of rainwater harvesting facility and the potential benefits of rainwater harvesting applications in urban areas in Indonesia. The cities that are the object of research are Bandar Lampung, Pringsewu, and Metro City. These three cities are the fastest growing cities in Lampung Province. Simulation to find supporting capacity of RWH is applied for house type 45, which has an effective rooftop area of 30 m2. The maximum capacity of the tanks being tested is 1 m3 and 2 m3, and the number of occupants is 5 to 7 people. Research shows that RWH has great potential to meet domestic water demand in major cities in Indonesia. From some analysis and simulation of this research, it is known that the supporting capacity of RWH for domestic water supply in the cities studied is 40% to 50% on average. Research also shows that reservoir size 2 m3 is the most recommended dimension in RWH implementation in Lampung Province cities.

scholarly journals A POPULAÇÃO DA CIDADE DE SÃO GABRIEL, RS E O GRAU DE SATISFAÇÃO EM RELAÇÃO À QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL URBANA

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Dejalmiro Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Nara Rejane Zamberlan dos Santos ◽  
Hamilton Munari Vogel ◽  
Mirla Andrade Weber
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Urban Sanitation ◽  
Physical Chemical

The growth of environmental impacts in the cities comes from the increase in population and the constant expansion of urban areas. These conflicts coupled with the lack of infrastructure contribute to the deterioration of environmental quality and life of the urban population and consequently to the physical, chemical and biological changes that compromise ecosystems and alter the landscape in these centers. The theme of this study relates to the perception and satisfaction of urban environmental quality has, as social actors, residents of a sample of the population of five districts in São Gabriel, RS. Through interviews addressed issues such as solid waste, noise, visual, air, soil, deforestation, the presence of sewage, illegal occupation, floods, urban sanitation and municipal environmental policies. The result of the survey showed satisfaction with some environmental aspects, but dissatisfaction with public policy indifferent to the quality of life of citizens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document