Impact of extended alliance portfolio configuration on firm innovation

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ho-Sung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Alliance Portfolio ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Focal Firm ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Structure Density ◽  
Moments Estimates ◽  
Favorable Conditions

AbstractIn the past, alliance portfolio configuration (APC) studies concentrated mostly on the direct alliances or partners of a focal firm. However, a focal firm is also influenced by indirect alliances or partners. This study endeavors to focus on this aspect of APC. It contributes to APC research by extending the scope to three degrees from a focal firm. To assess the effects of extended APCs, 186 3-year window snapshots were created of the extended APCs of 31 Korean bio-pharmaceutical firms. These snapshots range from 2007 to 2014. The effects of structure (density), size (number of alliances and partners), and relationships to firm innovation were measured using the two-step generalized method of moments estimates. The results show that structural sparseness and larger-sized extended APCs are more favorable conditions for innovation, and that structural sparseness and size have a positive relationship to innovation performance.

Corporate performance drivers in vertical downstream alliance portfolios: The Korean defense industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Sung Kim ◽  
Sun-Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Alliance Portfolio ◽  
Embedded Network ◽  
Focal Firm ◽  
Performance Drivers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Portfolio Structure ◽  
Defense Firms

AbstractIn this study, we examine the impact of portfolio configuration on corporate performance in a technological vertical downstream alliance portfolio. First, we explore whether differences in characteristics such as innovativeness, reputation, and bargaining power between a focal firm and its partners affect corporate performance. Second, considering these differences between a focal firm and its partners, we analyze whether an alliance portfolio structure spanning structural holes or a densely embedded network is preferable. We examine 44 leading Korean defense firms over the period 1995–2010 using the two-step generalized method of moments. Our principal arguments emphasize that differences between a focal firm and its partners (in terms of innovativeness, reputation, and bargaining power) affect corporate performance differently. This concept contrasts that of previous studies, which argued that allying with dominant partners is generally better. The arguments also emphasize that the alliance portfolio structure should differ depending on the differences in terms of the three capabilities between a focal firm and its corporate partners.

scholarly journals Does Employee Care Trigger Innovation Under a Healthy and Safe Working Environment? Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Industry in China

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Minghui Yang ◽  
Qian Lin ◽  
Petra Maresova
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Corporate Managers ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Corporate Ability ◽  
Safe Working

Sustainability of the workforce becomes a crucial issue, of which responsible care for employees can increase job satisfaction and human capital that impact corporate ability to absorb and generate new knowledge. Firms are obligated to provide a healthy and safe working environment for their employees, but it may in turn hinder innovation due to rigid and structured institutional regulations. Drawing on data of 308 China’s pharmaceutical firms from 2010 to 2017, we investigated whether employee care can trigger innovation under corporate adoption of the occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS). Our results suggest that both employee care and OHSMS adoption have a positive impact on innovation. Moreover, the positive relationship between employee care and innovation was more pronounced in firms that had adopted the OHSMS certification. These findings are valuable to policymakers and corporate managers in emerging economies through corroborating the important role of workforce sustainability in facilitating firm innovation.

Domain size, layer number and morphology control for graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 1730003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiwen Xue ◽  
Irfan H. Abidi ◽  
Zhengtang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Domain Size ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Wide Range

Over the past a few years, high-quality graphene preparation has been evolved from low-yield micromechanical exfoliation in including a wide range of production methods, in particular by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Here, we review the state-of-the-art on synthesis of graphene using CVD method and the strategies to control the graphene grain size, number of layers and morphology, mainly focusing on the graphene growth that uses Cu as substrate. We highlight the success of the past research in the field and provide a review of the methods that were used for such controlled synthesis.

Alliance Portfolio Resource Diversity and Firm Innovation

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna S. Cui ◽  
Gina O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Alliance Portfolio ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Resource Diversity

Automotive Components Industry and Profitability Factors: Evidence from India

2020 ◽  
pp. 097226292095500
Author(s):  
J. Vineesh Prakash ◽  
D. K. Nauriyal
Keyword(s):  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Export Intensity ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
The Past ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Negative Effect

Based upon the dataset drawn from Centre for Monitoring of Indian Economy (CMIE) Prowess database, World Bank and Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) for a period 2000–2015, this article tests the persistence of profitability and checks the validity of Resource-Based View (RBV) in elucidating the variations in profitability on an industry-specific setting that is, Indian automotive components industry under a Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) framework. The article finds that the persistence of profits is positive and moderate, indicating that the industry is reasonably competitive. The results further suggest that the past R&D intensity, export intensity, size, labour productivity growth, and GDP growth have a positive bearing on the current profitability, while current R&D intensity, A&M intensity, capital intensity, firm leverage and output of OEMs were found to have exercised negative effect. Since past R&D intensity is found to be positively influencing the current profitability, this article infers that RBV holds for this industry.

Supplier collaboration practices: implications for focal firm innovation performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni-Kaisa Kähkönen ◽  
Katrina Lintukangas ◽  
Paavo Ritala ◽  
Jukka Hallikas
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Supply Management ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Focal Firm ◽  
Supplier Involvement ◽  
Supplier Collaboration ◽  
Firm Learning

Purpose Due to the increasing complexity in supply chains and networks, several key practices have been highlighted as beneficial for supply chain performance. However, it is less known whether adopting such practices affects the innovation performance of the focal firm. This study hypothesises that supplier collaboration practices in four specific areas (green and ethical supply management, early supplier involvement, systemic purchasing and inter-firm learning) may lead to higher focal firm innovation performance, as they require the firm to adopt new business models, processes and product features. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses drawn from previous research are tested with a quantitative survey study of 165 Finnish firms and analysed by means of regression analysis. Findings The results show that two examined practices are positively related to focal firm innovation performance: systemic purchasing and green and ethical supply management. Interestingly, early supplier involvement and inter-firm learning did not influence innovation performance. Originality/value Little is known about whether adopting certain practices in supply management affects the innovation performance of the firm. In fact, among the performance indicators of supply management, innovation is rarely studied, and more studies using innovation as a performance indicator are called for. Thus, this study focuses on supplier collaboration practices and their relation to the focal firm’s innovation performance.

The Future Of Master Limited Partnerships

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1492
Author(s):  
Charles F. Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
The Past ◽  
Size Number ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Entrants ◽  
Investment Portfolios ◽  
Limited Partnerships ◽  
Business Structure

<p>Master limited partnerships have grown in size, number, and economic importance over the past fifteen years. They now represent a stable and healthy component of many investment portfolios. MLPs have generated impressive risk-adjusted performance compared to that of other equity investments. This performance is the result of their fee-based, low risk business structure that produces a steady cash distribution to investors. The future to these traditional MLPs and similar new entrants is quite positive. However, new entrants that potentially deviate from this successful operating structure are entering the MLP market. This raises major questions regarding the sustainability of these firms as MLPs. This study examines the future of MLP markets within the context of traditional and non-traditional new entrants. Furthermore, the emergence of institutional investors on MLP markets is discussed.</p>

Industry and country effects on innovation effort

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Nieto ◽  
Daniel Alonso-Martínez ◽  
Nuria González-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Firm Resources ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Country Factors ◽  
Country Characteristics

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to study the determinants of firms' innovation effort using the main approaches in strategic management. The authors specifically analyze the joint effects of industry structure and country characteristics on innovation effort while controlling for firm resources.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses proposed are tested using a data set that includes firms registered in the EU Industrial R&D Investment (IRI) Scoreboard (European Commission, 2011). Specifically, the authors designed and applied a Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) method to perform an empirical analysis using a panel of 1,211 innovative firms in 55 industries and 26 countries between 2004 and 2012.FindingsCountry factors have significant effects on innovation effort. Results also indicate that the moderating and complementary effects of industry and country factors depend on the geographical area.Practical implicationsAlthough managers have generally tended to take into account only the firm perspective in innovation activities, this paper highlights that institutional factors are also relevant and play a key role in innovation effort. The authors provide suggestions for managers on how to ensure that their investment in innovation is efficient. They also suggest that the effect of some institutional factors may be modified by competitive pressure on firms' innovation effort.Originality/valueThe paper makes an incremental contribution to the literature on the determinants of innovation by providing a different approach to firm innovation determinants and taking into account the complementarities between institutional and industrial factors.

Funding of contraceptive research

1976 ◽  
Vol 195 (1118) ◽  
pp. 37-55 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Fertility Control ◽  
Government Support ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
The Government ◽  
Improved Methods

This paper presents data on financial support of the reproductive sciences and contraceptive development assembled in the course of a two-year review of research funding by an international group of scientists and scientific administrators. Until the mid-1960s, research in reproduction was supported primarily by university budgets, philanthropic funds, and pharmaceutical firms. This research received only an insignificant share of the government support of biomedical research which grew rapidly following World War II. Establishment in the U. S. of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1963 ushered in a decade of rapid growth of government funding for the field. Expressed in terms of constant dollars (1970 = 100), total world support from all sources reached a peak of $100 million in 1972 and 1973 and declined in 1974 and 1975. Over the past decade, governments have become the major source of support for the field, as the proportion contributed by private foundations and pharmaceutical firms has declined. While the major impetus for recent support of the reproductive sciences has stemmed from concern with world population growth, and hence is part of an effort to find improved methods of fertility control, fundamental research has received nearly 60% of the funding throughout the past decade while applied contraceptive research has received about 30 %. As pharmaceutical firm expenditures have become a smaller proportion of the total funds involved in contraceptive development, they have been supplemented by missionoriented programmes in the public sector devoted to this effort.

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