scholarly journals WHAT CAN BE LEARNT FROM 130 CHILDREN'S DREAM WHEELCHAIR DESIGNS? ELICITING CHILD-CENTRED INSIGHTS USING AN INTERDISCIPLINARY DESIGN ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3409-3418
Author(s):  
Cara O'Sullivan ◽  
Farnaz Nickpour ◽  
Francesca Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Childhood Disability ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Interdisciplinary Design ◽  
Written Descriptions ◽  
Children’S Voices

AbstractThe design of inclusive paediatric mobility (IPM) interventions, such as children's wheelchairs, are entangled with technological, health and social considerations. As narratives around childhood, disability and mobility shift and transform, these entanglements evolve. In order to optimise the experience of childhood mobility, IPM designers must understand and respond to such changes and channel children's own requirements, desires and 'dreams' into the design process; this can be achieved by utilising a child-centred design approach. This paper identifies meaningful child-centred IPM design insights and opportunities through the interdisciplinary analysis of 130 dream wheelchair designs by disabled children, aged 4 to 17 years. A novel interdisciplinary and child-centred design analysis framework is developed to dissect, categorise and code the topics and features expressed through visuals and written descriptions in each of the children's dream wheelchair designs. Children's mobility narratives, desires and requirements are elicited and trending topics are discussed. It is proposed that valuing children's voices in the IPM design process could alter both the process of designing IPM interventions as well as the product outcomes.

scholarly journals Life Quality and Participation of Disabled Children and Young People: Design and Methods of a Transformative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110167
Author(s):  
Snæfrídur Thóra Egilson ◽  
Linda B. Ólafsdóttir ◽  
Anna Sigrún Ingimarsdóttir ◽  
Freyja Haraldsdóttir ◽  
Ásta Jóhannsdóttir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Quality ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood Disability ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Design And Methods

The LIFE-DCY research project has two aims. First, to evaluate disabled children’s quality of life (QoL) as reported by themselves and their parents, and second, to locate commonalities, differences, and conflicting issues in the processes that may influence disabled children’s life quality and participation. This paper describes the study design, methodology, and methods along with lessons learned. In addition various methodological and ethical concerns are raised. A sequential mixed-methods design was applied. In Phase one (mapping) we used KIDSCREEN-27 to study how disabled children evaluate their QoL compared with the perspectives of their parents and those of non-disabled children and their parents. Using the Participation and environment measure we also studied parents’ perspectives of their children’s participation in different social contexts. Altogether 209 disabled children and their parents, and 335 children in a control group and their parents (paired reports) participated in phase one. Phase two (unpacking) consisted of 14 case studies with disabled children aged 8–18 years and focus groups with 21 disabled people aged 19–35 years. The initial analysis was inductive and data-oriented. We then used critical and transformative lenses to shed light on how meaning was made of life quality and participation in relation to the context in which study participants found themselves. The LIFE-DCY research promotes an understanding of how important aspects of life quality and participation may intersect within different contexts and at different times. The theoretical understandings from this study may also help unpack various aspects of childhood disability in terms of knowledge and power and enhance understandings of how ideas about normality and childhood disability are constructed.

scholarly journals Income poverty among children with a disability in Belgium: the interplay between parental employment, social background and targeted cash support

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
JULIE VINCK
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Income Poverty ◽  
Childhood Disability ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
Parental Employment ◽  
Poverty Risk

Abstract Previous research has shown a clear link between childhood disability and child poverty. This is related to the fact that parents of disabled children (1) need to provide more care, which impedes their employment participation; and (2) more often belong to disadvantaged social categories. However, the adverse relationship between childhood disability and child poverty can be cushioned by cash support systems. Hitherto, the literature lacks insight into how the receipt of different cash support systems is related to parental employment and social background, and what joint role these three factors play in understanding the poverty risk of these children. To fill this gap, a case study on Belgium is performed using unique and large-scale register data. The results show that disabled children have a lower income poverty risk than non-disabled children, even when parental employment and social background are taken into account. This can be explained by the targeted cash support disabled children receive. However, previous research showed that a substantial group of disabled children does not receive the benefit. Hence, more could be achieved if the non-take-up would be addressed, in particular among the most vulnerable children.

scholarly journals An Interactive System to Integrate the Design, Analysis, and Manufacture of Centrifugal Compressor Impellers

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Crouse ◽  
James M. Sorokes
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Design System ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Cylindrical Coordinates ◽  
Manufacturing Software

This paper presents the impeller design system developed at Dresser-Rand using Bezier polynomials in cylindrical coordinates. A discussion of the basic techniques utilized in the code is presented as are sample graphic outputs generated to aid the user in the design process. The paper also describes some of the output options and how results may be interfaced with other analytical, drafting, and manufacturing software. Comments are included regarding the increased productivity, accuracy, and quality which resulted directly from use of this code and its support routines.

scholarly journals Building Capabilities Through Democratic Dialogues

Design Issues ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesbeth Huybrechts ◽  
Katrien Dreessen ◽  
Ben Hagenaars
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Alternative Futures ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
Developing Strategies

Designers are increasingly involved in designing alternative futures for their cities, together with or self-organized by citizens. This article discusses the fact that (groups of) citizens often lack the support or negotiation power to engage in or sustain parts of these complex design processes. Therefore the “capabilities” of these citizens to collectively visualize, reflect, and act in these processes need to be strengthened. We discuss our design process of “democratic dialogues” in Traces of Coal—a project that researches and designs together with the citizens an alternative spatial future for a partially obsolete railway track in the Belgian city of Genk. This process is framed in a Participatory Design approach and, more specifically, in what is called “infrastructuring,” or the process of developing strategies for the long-term involvement of participants in the design of spaces, objects, or systems. Based on this process, we developed a typology of how the three clusters of capabilities (i.e., visualize, reflect, and act) are supported through democratic dialogues in PD processes, linking them to the roles of the designer, activities, and used tools.

scholarly journals Is the Linear Modeling Technique Good Enough for Optimal Form Design? A Comparison of Quantitative Analysis Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-Cheng Lin ◽  
Chung-Hsing Yeh ◽  
Chen-Cheng Wang ◽  
Chun-Chun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Modeling Technique ◽  
Type I ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Optimal Form ◽  
Product Image ◽  
Form Design ◽  
Product Forms

How to design highly reputable and hot-selling products is an essential issue in product design. Whether consumers choose a product depends largely on their perception of the product image. A consumer-oriented design approach presented in this paper helps product designers incorporate consumers’ perceptions of product forms in the design process. The consumer-oriented design approach uses quantification theory type I, grey prediction (the linear modeling technique), and neural networks (the nonlinear modeling technique) to determine the optimal form combination of product design for matching a given product image. An experimental study based on the concept of Kansei Engineering is conducted to collect numerical data for examining the relationship between consumers’ perception of product image and product form elements of personal digital assistants (PDAs). The result of performance comparison shows that the QTTI model is good enough to help product designers determine the optimal form combination of product design. Although the PDA form design is used as a case study, the approach is applicable to other consumer products with various design elements and product images. The approach provides an effective mechanism for facilitating the consumer-oriented product design process.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTING “SUSTAINABILITY-BY-DESIGN” APPROACH IN ORGANIZATIONS BY USING AN EXTENDED RISK INDICATORS SYSTEM FOR MAKING STRATEGIC DECISIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-411
Author(s):  
L. A. Sachenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Stakeholder Participation ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Rigid Structure

The purpose of this article is to identify possible approaches to the development of the “sustainability-by-design” process, which consists in synchronizing the organization's strategy with the trends of sustainable development. For this purpose, a process of “sustainability-by-design” is proposed on the basis of the “safety-by-design” process applied in practice. As a key link in the process, it is proposed to use a system of sustainability indicators, supplemented by indicators of risk and resilience. To strengthen the adaptive capacity of companies in the field of sustainable development, the process of building “sustainability-by-design” is complemented by the inclusion of democratic procedures through structured stakeholder participation. As a result, the proposed process combines a rigid structure of values and goals with a “soft setup” in the form of democratic procedures. This will allow companies not only to reduce the uncertainties inherent to the pacing problem, but also to create an environment for the promotion of the most effective alternatives to the development of companies in the field of sustainability.

scholarly journals Exploring bio-parametric solution-based design process for an ephemeral pavilion

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Elton Cristovão da Silva Lima ◽  
Cristina Matsunaga ◽  
Leticia Teixeira Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Sartorius Muscle ◽  
Parametric Solution ◽  
Medial Rotation ◽  
Lateral Rotation

This research proposes an experimental design approach to design an ephemeral pavilion located at the Serpentine Gallery in London. The Serpentine Pavilions Programme functions as an experimentation laboratory and, at the same time, public and event spaces, enabling architects to expose their projects and work methodologies. Thus, the methods of Biomimicry and Parametric Design were combined to develop the pavilion. While the first one was used to create an ephemeral pavilion based on the Sartorius muscle, the second was responsible for generating the parametric model from a fast and intuitive manipulation code capable of exploring shape variations. This work explores the solution-based method approached by Badarnah (2012) based on a predefined problem (the pavilion project) and only after that seek some natural inspiration. Firstly, it was investigated the anatomy of the Sartorius muscle. Subsequently, with the domain of the solution, the parametric insertion of the shape was computationally performed. The anatomical study of the sartorius muscle revealed functions such as flexion, abduction, lateral rotation of the thigh, and medial rotation of the knee. Thus, the architectural choices reflect both its narrow and elongated morphology of the muscle and flexibility and rotation aspects. The pavilion also considered the previous Serpentine Pavilions regarding attributes such as area, height, and materials, which with other parameters may be changed using the code implemented in Grasshopper.

Disabled children as legitimate research participants: a topic omitted from tourism research?

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Fathimath Shiraani ◽  
Neil Carr ◽  
Gill Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Disabled Children ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Subsequent Section ◽  
Children’S Voices

Abstract This chapter discusses the need to respect and listen to the views of disabled children in general, and in relation to tourism specifically. It starts by defining the concept of voice and summarizes the broader debates and arguments regarding children's voice. The chapter then continues to cover how some children's voices, referred to as 'conventional voices', are privileged over others (such as disabled children). The subsequent section reflects on two strands of tourism research related to disability and children and highlights disabled children's invisibility and omission of their perspectives in tourism research. The chapter then provides a brief discussion of the challenges of researching with disabled children and outlines some ethical and practical considerations. Overall, this chapter serves as a springboard for further inquiry concerning disabled children's inclusion in tourism research.

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