Milk substitute intake of artificially reared lambs during the first days of life as affected by time of removal from the dam and frequency of feeding

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Bryant ◽  
E. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Milk Intake ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Milk Substitute

SUMMARYForty-eight Suffolk × Clun lambs were used in an experiment to investigate the effects of two times of removal from the dam and two feeding frequencies upon milk intake over the first 4 days on an artificial rearing system.Lambs removed at birth consumed significantly more milk replacer at feeding periods up to 32 hr after removal than lambs removed at 24 hr after birth. Removal at birth also significantly increased voluntary milk intake between feeding periods for up to 32 hr and from 64 to 80 hr after removal.Feeding the lambs during a 16-hr period in a 4, 4, 8 hr sequence instead of 8, 8 hr intervals significantly improved milk intake at feeding periods.

POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES TO LAMB MILK REPLACER FOR THE ARTIFICIAL REARING OF LAMBS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
General Appearance

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the relative performance of artificially reared lambs fed four types of liquid diets: (1) lamb milk replacer (LMR) with 24% protein from spray-dried milk products and 24% fat in the dry powder; (2) high quality calf milk replacer (CMR) with 20% protein from spray-dried milk products and 20% fat; (3) fresh cow milk (CM); or (4) equal proportions of LMR and CM (LMR:CM). Average daily gains of lambs fed CMR or CM were lower by 16% and 12%, respectively, and weaning weights were lower by 10% and 5%, respectively, than those of lambs fed LMR. Gains and weaning weights of lambs fed LMR:CM were identical to those fed LMR. Lamb survival was marginally lower among CMR- and CM-fed lambs compared with those fed LMR. There were no observable differences among any of the feeding regimens in the general appearance, thriftiness or well-being of the lambs. The results indicate that, with good management, satisfactory lamb performance under artificial rearing can be achieved with high quality CMR or CM and that under practical conditions lower feed costs could offset the marginal reduction in lamb performance. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing

INHERITANCE OF WEIGHTS OF LAMBS REARED ARTIFICIALLY OR WITH THEIR DAMS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS ◽  
D. P. HEANEY
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Genetic Response ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Solid Diet ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Age Estimates

This study involved 250 lambs reared artificially with milk replacer and solid diet from 2 to 70 days and 316 lambs creep-fed solid diet and reared with their dams from birth to 70 days. Thereafter, all lambs were retained on solid diet to 140 days of age. Heritability estimates for weights of lambs reared artificially tended to be larger than the corresponding estimates for lambs reared with their dams (P > 0.05). Phenotypic variances of lambs reared with their dams were larger at birth and at 35 days, whereas lambs reared artificially had larger phenotypic variances at 70 and 140 days of age. Estimates of genetic correlation between half-sib family means of lambs reared artificially with corresponding half-sibs reared with their dams ranged from 0.15 to 0.91, suggesting the absence of sire × rearing system interaction. We conclude that greater genetic response to selection for lamb weights at various ages could be achieved from direct selection among lambs reared artificially compared to those reared with their dams. However, in the absence of artificial rearing, prospective breeding stock reared with their dams should be tested for postweaning performance to permit full expression of transmitted sire differences. Key words: Sheep, lamb rearing, heritability estimates, genetic correlation

scholarly journals Growth and development of rats artificially reared on a high or a low plane of nutrition

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Smart ◽  
D. N. Stephens ◽  
H. B. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Epididymal Fat ◽  
Milk Substitute ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles ◽  
Tibia Length

1. In order to exclude the possibility of differences in maternal care which are known to result from typical methods of undernutrition during the suckling period, rat pups were reared artificially on different planes of nutrition away from their mothers.2. Artificial rearing was accomplished by fitting infant rats with a gastric cannula through which a milk substitute was infused intermittently. Rats were fed thus from 4 to 21 d on a high (ARHI) or a low (ARLO; 44% of ARHI level) plane of nutrition. Underfeeding of the ARLO group was continued till 25 d, after which all rats were given a good-quality pelleted diet ad lib.3. Compared with mother-reared (MR) litter-mates, ARHI rats showed advanced eye-opening and, at 21 and 25 d, they resisted restraint more strongly.4. Growth in body-weight of ARHI and MR rats was similar but, when autopsied at 32 weeks, the ARHI rats were shorter (nose–rump length) and had lighter gastrocnemius muscles, adrenals and brains, but heavier epididymal-fat pads.5. ARLO rats had deficits at 32 weeks compared with ARHI rats in whole body, kidney and epididymal-fat-pad weights, and in tibia length.6. In a second experiment, ARHI and MR rats were killed at 21 d. All the differences found at 32 weeks were already present at 21 d. In addition, the ARHI pups had enlarged livers and intestines but shorter tibias.7. The milk substitute, which is one commonly used in such studies, has a low protein and high carbohydrate content compared with rats' milk. This difference probably caused the abnormal organ growth of ARHI rats.

The artificial rearing of calves and their growth on grass diets: II. The effect of length of period of feeding cold milk substitute to spring–born calves at pasture

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Lonsdale ◽  
J. C. Tayler
Keyword(s):  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Milk Substitute ◽  
Reconstituted Milk ◽  
Milk Feeding

SummaryAn experiment was conducted with 32 spring-born Friesian heifer calves, purchased at an average age of 10 days and fed on cold reconstituted milk substitute at pasture.The milk feeding treatments were 4, 4½, 6½ and 9½ weeks in length, during which time calves consumed an average of 17, 23, 43 and 70 kg dry matter/head of milk substitute respectively. The differences between treatment mean live-weight gains for 10½ weeks of the experiment were highly significant (P < O·OOl): the gains were 0·49, 0·43, 0·64 and 0·78 kg/head/day. There was no significant difference between mean rates of live-weight gain after the tenth week so that the overall treatment—mean live-weight gains for the first 23 weeks, which were 0·65, 0·61, 0·72 and 0·74 kg/head/day, strongly reflected the length of the milk-feeding period and demonstrated no significant compensatory growth by the calves.Twenty of these animals were housed for the subsequent winter period and were returned to pasture for a second grazing season. These were artificially inseminated as their individual live weights reached approximately 320 kg. Animals weaned after only 4 weeks of milk feeding took an average of 9½ weeks longer to reach live weights of 320 kg than these receiving milk for 9½ weeks. There were no marked indications of compensatory growth during this extended period of observations.

The development of solid food intake in calves 5. The relationship between liquid and solid food intake

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
Milk Substitute ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Reconstituted Milk ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYReconstituted milk substitute was given at two concentrations of powder (10% and 20%), each at four levels (10% powder—8, 12, 16 and 20% of live weight (LW); 20% powder—6, 8, 10 and 12% of LW) to 3 British Friesian male calves per treatment from 2 to 4 weeks after arrival, and the calves were weaned over the next 7 days. Chopped dried grass was offered to appetite before and for 3 weeks after weaning. The amount of solid food eaten was not affected by the dry-matter concentration of the milk substitute, but was significantly depressed as the amount of milk consumed increased. Between-treatment differences in solid food intake established at weaning persisted until the end of the experiment. There was a dose, positive relationship between milk intake and live-weight gain (LWG) before weaning, but weight gain after weaning was not significantly affected by the level of milk intake before weaning.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF AUTOMATED DRINKING OF WHOLE MILK SUBSTITUTE WITHOUT PIGLETS DEPOSITION: HOW DOES IT AFFECT THE INTENSITY OF THEIR GROWTH AND SAFETY

PIG-BREEDING ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
CHUS R.V. ◽  
◽  
GAPONENKO V.N. ◽  
KRYUCHIN D.V. ◽  
KOSCHAEV A.G. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Idle Period ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Milk Substitute ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Daily Gain

The effectiveness of using the CulinaCup system for feeding suckling piglets with a substitute for whole milk has been studied. The use of automated feeding equipment for whole milk replacer made it possible to increase the safety of piglets during the suckling period by 2.1%, live weight at weaning by 9.2%, average daily gain by 12.1%, increase the number of weaners per sow by 3.7 heads and reduce the duration of the idle period by 0.8 days.

scholarly journals Comparison of milk replacer composition and effects on growth and health of preruminant lambs, and health-associated costs of artificial rearing

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
S.A. McCoard ◽  
S.-Y. Hea ◽  
D. Karatiana ◽  
J. Triggs ◽  
T. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing

PERFORMANCE OF YOUNG LAMBS FED A CLOTTING OR A NON-CLOTTING MILK REPLACER

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-996
Author(s):  
JOCELYNE DELISLE ◽  
HÉLÈNE V. PETIT ◽  
FRANCINE GIGUÈRE
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Milk Replacers

Sixteen male lambs weighing 2.8 – 5.8 kg and 3–5 d old were fed for 5 wk a clotting milk replacer with or without an oxalate-NaOH buffer known to prevent curd formation in the abomasum. Milk replacers were fed ad libitum at room temperature using formalin (0.1% vol vol−1) as preservative. Dry matter intake and average daily gains were the same (P > 0.05) for both the clotting and the nonclotting milk replacers. Digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and lipids was also similar (P > 0.05) for both treatments. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing, milk replacer, clotting, coagulation, digestibility

PRACTICAL ARTIFICIAL REARING OF NEONATAL PIGLETS UNDER NON-ISOLATED CONDITIONS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. ELLIOT ◽  
G. A. LODGE ◽  
THOMAS G. HARTSOCK
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Better Than

One hundred and sixty-five piglets, weaned between 8 and 12 h postpartum were reared in non-isolated environments at two locations and fed a milk replacer supplemented with serum-derived porcine immunoglobin. Survival and growth rate of the piglets was as good as or better than that commonly observed among sow-reared piglets.

RAPESEED OIL VERSUS COCONUT OIL AS A SOURCE OF FAT FOR LAMB MILK REPLACERS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1241-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Lamb Survival ◽  
Milk Replacers

Artificially reared lambs were weaned from milk replacer (MR) at 21 days of age. Weaning weights and average daily gains were significantly (P < 0.01) depressed (7.6 and 18%, respectively) for lambs fed MR containing 12% rapeseed oil and 12% tallow compared with those fed a standard MR containing 12% coconut oil and 12% tallow. Lamb survival and MR dry matter consumption were similar for lambs fed the two diets. The results indicate that, under practical conditions, the use of rapeseed oil to provide half of the fat in lamb milk replacers causes a reduction in the performance of lambs artificially reared from birth. Key words: Artificial rearing, lambs, rapeseed oil

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