scholarly journals Improvement of bone properties and enhancement of mineralization by ethanol extract of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Ping-Chung Leung ◽  
Chun-Tao Che ◽  
Hung-Kay Chow ◽  
Chun-Fu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Fructus Ligustri Lucidi ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Umr 106

Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL), a kidney-tonifying Chinese herb, was shown to regulate Ca balance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats in our previous study. This study investigated whether it could improve bone properties in aged normal and OVX rats and increase osteoblastic differentiation in rat osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells. Ten-month-old aged rats underwent sham-operation or ovariectomy, were orally administered with FLL extracts or its vehicle and fed with diets containing different levels of Ca (LCD, 0·1 % Ca; MCD, 0·6 % Ca; HCD, 1·2 % Ca) for 12 weeks. Ovariectomy induced bone loss at multiple-sites of both tibia and femur in all rats being studied. FLL extract increased bone mineral density and bone mineral content at both tibial and femoral diaphysis as well as the lumbar vertebra (LV-2) in rats fed either LCD or MCD. In addition, FLL increased biomechanical strength of the tibial diaphysis in these rats. Combination of FLL and high-Ca diet significantly improved bone mass of cortical and trabecular bone at appendicular bones and LV-2 and decreased bone loss associated with ovarietomy and low-Ca feeding. Treatment of UMR-106 cells with FLL extracts accelerated the formation of calcified matrix and increased extracellular Ca and P depositions in time- and dose-dependent manner. The level of mineralization reached a maximum by 6 d incubation at the dosage of 10 μg FLL extract/ml. Our study indicated that FLL extract could improve bone properties in aged rats possibly via its direct action on osteoblastic cells by enhancement of the mineralization process.

scholarly journals Combination treatment with pioglitazone and fenofibrate attenuates pioglitazone-mediated acceleration of bone loss in ovariectomized rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 212 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Samadfam ◽  
Malaika Awori ◽  
Agnes Bénardeau ◽  
Frieder Bauss ◽  
Elena Sebokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Concomitant Treatment ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ovx Rats

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ agonists, such as pioglitazone (Pio), improve glycemia and lipid profile but are associated with bone loss and fracture risk. Data regarding bone effects of PPARα agonists (including fenofibrate (Feno)) are limited, although animal studies suggest that Feno may increase bone mass. This study investigated the effects of a 13-week oral combination treatment with Pio (10 mg/kg per day)+Feno (25 mg/kg per day) on body composition and bone mass parameters compared with Pio or Feno alone in adult ovariectomized (OVX) rats, with a 4-week bone depletion period, followed by a 6-week treatment-free period. Treatment of OVX rats with Pio+Feno resulted in ∼50% lower fat mass gain compared with Pio treatment alone. Combination treatment with Pio+Feno partially prevented Pio-induced loss of bone mineral content (∼45%) and bone mineral density (BMD; ∼60%) at the lumbar spine. Similar effects of treatments were observed at the femur, most notably at sites rich in trabecular bone. At the proximal tibial metaphysis, concomitant treatment with Pio+Feno prevented Pio exacerbation of ovariectomy-induced loss of trabecular bone, resulting in BMD values in the Pio+Feno group comparable to OVX controls. Discontinuation of Pio or Feno treatment of OVX rats was associated with partial reversal of effects on bone loss or bone mass gain, respectively, while values in the Pio+Feno group remained comparable to OVX controls. These data suggest that concurrent/dual agonism of PPARγ and PPARα may reduce the negative effects of PPARγ agonism on bone mass.

scholarly journals Short- and long-term effects of calcium and exercise on bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseé Gala ◽  
Manuel Di´az-curiel ◽  
Concepcioó de la Piedra ◽  
Jesu´s Calero
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Ovx Rats

At the level of prevention of bone mineral loss produced by ovariectomy, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect produced by supplementation of Ca in the diet and a moderate exercise programme (treadmill), simultaneously or separately, in ovariectomized rats, an experimental model of postmenopausal bone loss. Female Wistar rats (n110, 15 weeks old) were divided into five groups: (1) OVX, rats ovariectomized at 15 weeks of age, fed a standard diet; (2) SHAM, rats sham operated at 15 weeks of age, fed a standard diet; (3) OVX–EX, ovariectomized rats, fed a standard diet and performing the established exercise programme; (4) OVX–Ca, ovariectomized rats fed a diet supplemented with Ca; (5) OVX–EXCa, ovariectomized rats with the exercise programme and diet supplemented with Ca. The different treatments were initiated 1 week after ovariectomy and were continued for 13 weeks for subgroup 1 and 28 weeks for subgroup 2, to look at the interaction of age and time passed from ovariectomy on the treatments. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined, at the end of the study, in the lumbar spine (L2, L3 and L4) and in the left femur using a densitometer. Bone turnover was also estimated at the end of the study, measuring the serum formation marker total alkaline phosphatase (AP) and the resorption marker serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). As expected, OVX rats showed a significant decrease (P<0·05) in BMD, more pronounced in subgroup 2, and a significant increase in AP and TRAP with regard to their respective SHAM group. The simultaneous treatment with Ca and exercise produced the best effects on lumbar and femoral BMD of ovariectomized rats, partially avoiding bone loss produced by ovariectomy, although it was not able to fully maintain BMD levels of intact animals. This combined treatment produced a significant increase in AP, both in subgroups 1 and 2, and a decrease in TRAP in subgroup 1, with regard to OVX group. The exercise treatment alone was able to produce an increase in BMD with regard to OVX group only in subgroup 1 of rats (younger animals and less time from ovariectomy), but not in subgroup 2. In agreement with this, there was an increase of AP in both subgroups, lower than that observed in animals submitted to exercise plus Ca supplement, and a decrease of TRAP in subgroup 1, without significant changes in this marker in the older rats. Ca treatment did not produce any significant effect on BMD in OVX rats in both subgroups of animals, showing a decrease of AP and TRAP levels in the younger animals with no significant variations in markers of bone remodelling in the older female rats compared with their respective OVX group.

Olive oil effectively mitigates ovariectomy-induced marrow adiposity assessed by MR spectroscopy in estrogen-deficient rabbits

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512098693
Author(s):  
Yin Liu ◽  
Huayi Tan ◽  
Can Huang ◽  
Lifeng Li ◽  
Sijie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Mr Spectroscopy ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sequential Effects ◽  
Marrow Fat ◽  
Marrow Adiposity

Background Polyphenols in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) have been found to reduce the expression of PPARγ2, inhibit adipocyte differentiation, and enhance the formation of osteoblasts from bone marrow stem cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of their action remain unknown. Purpose To determine the sequential effects of EVOO on marrow fat expansion induced by estrogen deprivation using 3.0-T proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in an ovariectomy (OVX) rabbit model of postmenopausal bone loss over a six-month period. Material and Methods A total of 45 female New Zealand rabbits were equally divided into sham-operation, OVX controls, and OVX treated with EVOO for six months. Marrow fat fraction was measured by MR spectroscopy at baseline conditions, and three and six months postoperatively, respectively. Serum bone biomarkers, lumbar and femoral bone mineral density, microtomographic parameters, biomechanical properties, and quantitative parameters of marrow adipocytes were studied. Results OVX was associated with marrow adiposity in a time-dependent manner, accompanied with increased bone turnover and impaired bone mass and trabecular microarchitecture. In OVX rabbits, EVOO markedly alleviated trabecular bone loss and reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets including adipocyte size, density, and areas of fat deposits in the bone marrow. EVOO prevented such changes in terms of both marrow adiposity and bone remodeling. Conclusion Early EVOO treatment may exert beneficial effects on bone by modulating marrow adiposity, which would support their protective effect against bone pathologies.

Therapeutic Effect of Selected Biomaterials (Mg/Zn/F-CaPs, Administered by Injection) on Bone Properties of Ovariectomized Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Otsuka ◽  
Ayako Oshinbe ◽  
Atsuo Ito ◽  
Kuniko Otsuka ◽  
William I. Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and fluoride (F)-containing calcium phosphate compounds (Mg/Zn/F-CaP) in correcting the bone mineral deficiency noted in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. In order to evaluate therapeutic effect of selected Mg/Zn/F-BCP preparations (G2: 1.13%Mg/13.6%Zn/2.5%F, G3:7.76%Mg/1.89%Zn /3.01%F and G4:2.72%Mg/3.75%Zn/1.35%F), suspensions consisting of Mg/Zn/F-CaP preparations and of Zn-TCP (G1: 6.17%Zn) powder were injected in the right thigs of OVX rats for 4 weeks. Injection of Zn-TCP powder suspension in G1 and G2 groups led to the recovery of plasma Zn levels in OVX rats. The area under the curve of plasma Zn for the G2, G1 and Normal (not ovariectomized) control group (GN) groups were significantly lower than those of the group G3, G4 and OVX /untreated control (GC) groups (p<0.05). The bone mineral density (BMD) of the right femur was significantly higher than that of the left in G1, G2, G3 and G4 groups on day 28. However, there was no significant difference in the BMD between the left and right femur in the GC and GN groups.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery reduces bone mineral density and induces metabolic acidosis in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (9) ◽  
pp. R999-R1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Abegg ◽  
Nicole Gehring ◽  
Carsten A. Wagner ◽  
Annette Liesegang ◽  
Marc Schiesser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Calcium Malabsorption

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery leads to bone loss in humans, which may be caused by vitamin D and calcium malabsorption and subsequent secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, because these conditions occur frequently in obese people, it is unclear whether they are the primary causes of bone loss after RYGB. To determine the contribution of calcium and vitamin D malabsorption to bone loss in a rat RYGB model, adult male Wistar rats were randomized for RYGB surgery, sham-operation–ad libitum fed, or sham-operation–body weight-matched. Bone mineral density, calcium and phosphorus balance, acid-base status, and markers of bone turnover were assessed at different time points for 14 wk after surgery. Bone mineral density decreased for several weeks after RYGB. Intestinal calcium absorption was reduced early after surgery, but plasma calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were normal. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels decreased, while levels of active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D increased after surgery. RYGB rats displayed metabolic acidosis due to increased plasma lactate levels and increased urinary calcium loss throughout the study. These results suggest that initial calcium malabsorption may play a key role in bone loss early after RYGB in rats, but other factors, including chronic metabolic acidosis, contribute to insufficient bone restoration after normalization of intestinal calcium absorption. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is not involved in postoperative bone loss. Upregulated vitamin D activation may compensate for any vitamin D malabsorption.

Chuanxiong (Rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong) Protects Ovariectomized Hyperlipidemic Rats from Bone Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 463-485
Author(s):  
Xiao-Li Dong ◽  
Wen-Xuan Yu ◽  
Chun-Mei Li ◽  
Li-Ping Zhou ◽  
Man-Sau Wong
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ligusticum Chuanxiong ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Mg63 Cells

Oxidative stress (OS) is the common mechanism for age-related diseases. The co-occurrence of osteoporosis (OP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women makes it warranted to find a holistic approach for treatment of multiple diseases or conditions. The rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (CX), which has high anti-oxidant properties and is widely used for CVD treatment in China, might be the potential candidate. In the present study, CX ethanol extract (CXE) was applied to H2O2 induced MG63 cells to study its effects and mechanisms on osteoblastogenesis against OS. CXE was then administered to six-month-old Sprague Dawley sham or ovariectomized (OVX) rats fed either a low saturated fat-sucrose (LFS) or a high fat-sucrose (HFS) diet for 12 weeks, to confirm its anti-osteoporotic effects. The results demonstrated that CXE directly improved proliferation and differentiation in vitro in an H2O2-induced osteoblast cell model by attenuating cellular reactive oxygen species levels and inhibiting osteoblast apoptosis via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CXE significantly improved bone properties as revealed by the increase in trabecular bone mineral density and decrease in trabecular separation at proximal metaphysis of the tibia (PT) in HFS-fed OVX rats but not in LFS-fed OVX rats. CXE ameliorated dyslipidemia, greatly reduced lipid deposition and malondialdehyde levels, improved activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the livers of HFS-fed OVX rats. In conclusion, CXE could favor osteoblastogenesis against OS. The ability of CXE to reduce bone loss in HFS-fed OVX rats was associated with its abilities to correct dyslipidemia, and reduce lipid deposition and OS levels.

scholarly journals Bone-protective effects of bioactive fractions and ingredients in Sambucus williamsii HANCE

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 1802-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Hui Xiao ◽  
Yi Dai ◽  
Hoi-Ying Wan ◽  
Man-Sau Wong ◽  
Xin-Sheng Yao
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Bone Properties ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
Umr 106

Our previous study demonstrated that 60 % ethanol crude extract of Sambucus williamsii HANCE (SWH) improved bone mass, bone strength and bone micro-structure in both ovariectomised (OVX) rats and mice. The present study aims to identify the bioactive fractions and ingredients in SWH that account for its osteoprotective effects. Bilateral sham-operated mice acted as controls. OVX C57BL/6J mice, aged 12 weeks, were orally administrated daily with vehicle or 17β-oestradiol (3·2 mg/kg), SWH (60 % ethanol crude extract; 1·0 g/kg), SWA (water eluate; 0·570 g/kg), SWB (30 % ethanol eluate; 0·128 g/kg) or SWC (50 and 95 % ethanol eluates; 0·189 g/kg) for 12 weeks. The effects of the different fractions on bone properties in the OVX mice model were studied. In addition, their effects on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation were evaluated in UMR 106 cells. SWC significantly restored bone mineral density and improved bone size and bone content parameters in the femur and tibia as well as increased biomechanical strength at the tibia diaphysis in OVX mice. Similarly, SWC was the most potent fraction in stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation in UMR 106 cells. Also, SWC did not alter uterus weight in OVX mice. Nine major peaks, seven lignans and two phenolic acids, in the HPLC fingerprint of the SWC fraction were identified, isolated and characterised. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SWC was the most potent fraction in SWH that exerted anti-osteoporotic effects. Furthermore, lignans might be the potential bioactive components in SWC.

Oral bovine lactoferrin improves bone status of ovariectomized mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (6) ◽  
pp. E1281-E1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Blais ◽  
Arnaud Malet ◽  
Takashi Mikogami ◽  
Christine Martin-Rouas ◽  
Daniel Tomé
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Total Milk

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dietary lactoferrin on bone metabolism in vivo using a postmenopausal animal model. We investigated whether bovine lactoferrin (bLF) ingestion could prevent bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Twelve-week-old female C3H mice either ovariectomized or sham operated were fed for 27 wk with the control diet (AIN-93M with 140 g of total milk protein as a protein source per kg of diet). Four groups of ovariectomized mice received diets including different concentrations of bLF (1, 5, 10, or 20 g of total milk protein were replaced by bLF). Ovariectomy induced a decreased uterine weight and a smaller gain of bone mineral density. Immunoreactive bLF was detected in the peripheral blood, and its concentration was related to the amount of bLF ingestion. bLF supplementation to the diet improved bone mineral density (BMD) and femoral failure load in a dose-dependent manner. We confirmed the direct effects of bLF in vitro using established and primary cultures of murine bone cells. Addition of bLF to the culture medium at a concentration of between 1 and 1,000 μg/ml stimulated both cell growth and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3 cells while inhibiting the growth of preosteoclastic RAW 267.4 cells. In primary culture of mixed bone cells, an enhanced osteoblast differentiation was associated with an inhibition of osteoclast differentiation at lower bLF concentrations (1–10 μg/ml). In conclusion, these findings suggest that dietary lactoferrin supplementation can have a beneficial effect on postmenopausal bone loss by modulating bone formation and resorption.

White Tea Reduced Bone Loss by Suppressing the TRAP/CTX Pathway in Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis Model Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Yıldırım ◽  
Sinan Saral ◽  
Tolga Mercantepe ◽  
Hatice İskender ◽  
Levent Tümkaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
White Tea ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Growth Zones

Osteoporosis is an important skeletal disease characterized by bone weakness and high risk of fracture in postmenopausal women. Tea consumption is known to play an important role in the prevention or alleviation of osteoporosis. However, the therapeutic effects of aqueous extracts of white tea (WT) have not been evaluated in osteoporosis rat models. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential anti-osteoporotic role of WT in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. WT was given orally at 0.5% w/v doses for 12 weeks in OVX rats. Biochemical parameters in blood samples, bone tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) and estradiol levels were evaluated. Bone mineral density and bone mineral content values were measured in the left femur. In addition to histopathological examination, osteolcalcin, osteopontin and TUNEL levels were determined. OVX group data demonstrated that bone loss occurred by thinning of the metaphyseal growth plates of the femur. Similarly, the levels of TRAP and CTX, markers of osteoclastic activity, were found to be high concurrently with a decrease in femoral bone mineral density. In addition, increased osteolcalcin and osteopontin levels were present in the metaphyseal growth zones. On the other hand, while TRAP and CTX levels were suppressed in the OVX-WT group, bone mineral content increased. In ad­dition, TUNEL, osteocalcin and osteopontin positivity decreased in the right femoral metaphysis growth zones, proliferating zone and resting zone cells. These results showed that chronic WT consumption has a protective effect by reducing bone resorption in OVX-induced osteoporotic rats.

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