scholarly journals Effects of carrot and tomato juice consumption on faecal markers relevant to colon carcinogenesis in humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Schnäbele ◽  
Karlis Briviba ◽  
Achim Bub ◽  
Silvia Roser ◽  
Beatrice L. Pool-Zobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Cell Culture Systems ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Β Carotene

High intakes of carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables are associated with a reduced risk of various cancers including colon cancer. A human intervention study with carrot and tomato juice should show whether a diet rich in carotenoids, especially high in β-carotene and lycopene, can modify luminal processes relevant to colon carcinogenesis. In a randomised cross-over trial, twenty-two healthy young men on a low-carotenoid diet consumed 330 ml tomato or carrot juice per d for 2 weeks. Intervention periods were preceded by 2-week depletion phases. At the end of each study period, faeces of twelve volunteers were collected for chemical analyses and use in cell-culture systems. Consumption of carrot juice led to a marked increase of β-carotene and α-carotene in faeces and faecal water, as did lycopene after consumption of tomato juice. In the succeeding depletion phases, carotenoid contents in faeces and faecal water returned to their initial values. Faecal water showed high dose-dependent cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects on colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29). These effects were not markedly changed by carrot and tomato juice consumption. Neither bile acid concentrations nor activities of the bacterial enzymes β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase in faecal water changed after carrot and tomato juice consumption. Faecal water pH decreased only after carrot juice consumption. SCFA were probably not responsible for this effect, as SCFA concentrations and profiles did not change significantly. In summary, in the present study, 2-week interventions with carotenoid-rich juices led only to minor changes in investigated luminal biomarkers relevant to colon carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Effect of β-carotene-rich tomato lycopene β-cyclase (tlcy-b) on cell growth inhibition in HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Palozza ◽  
Diana Bellovino ◽  
Rossella Simone ◽  
Alma Boninsegna ◽  
Francesco Cellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Cell Growth Inhibition ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Ht 29 ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Β Carotene

Lycopene β-cyclase (tlcy-b) tomatoes, obtained by modulating carotenogenesis via genetic engineering, contain a large amount of β-carotene, as clearly visible by their intense orange colour. In the present study we have subjected tlcy-b tomatoes to an in vitro simulated digestion and analysed the effects of digestate on cell proliferation. To this aim we used HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells, grown in monolayers, as a model. Digested tomatoes were diluted (20 ml, 50 ml and 100 ml/l) in culture medium and added to the cells for different incubation times (24 h, 48 h and 72 h). Inhibition of cell growth by tomato digestate was dose-dependent and resulted from an arrest of cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 and G2/M phase and by apoptosis induction. A down-regulation of cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl expression was observed. We also found that heat treatment of samples before digestion enhanced β-carotene release and therefore cell growth inhibition. To induce with purified β-carotene solubilised in tetrahydrofuran the same cell growth inhibition obtained with the tomato digestate, a higher amount of the carotenoid was necessary, suggesting that β-carotene micellarised during digestion is utilised more efficiently by the cells, but also that other tomato molecules, reasonably made available during digestion, may be present and cooperate with β-carotene in promoting cell growth arrest.

scholarly journals Modulation of human T-lymphocyte functions by the consumption of carotenoid-rich vegetables

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Watzl ◽  
Achim Bub ◽  
Birgit R. Brandstetter ◽  
Gerhard Rechkemmer
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Depletion Period ◽  
Β Carotene

A human intervention study was conducted to determine the effect of the consumption of carotenoid-rich vegetables on the immune system. Subjects, (twenty-three men), who were non-smokers, were not restricted in their daily diet, except that they had to abstain from fruit and vegetables high in carotenoids throughout the whole study period. The study was divided into four periods, each lasting 2 weeks: weeks 1–2: low-carotenoid period; throughout weeks 3–8: daily consumption of 330 ml tomato juice (40 mg lycopene/d, 1·5 mg β-carotene/d) (weeks 3–4), 330 ml carrot juice (21·6 mg β-carotene/d, 15·7 mg α-carotene/d, 0·5 mg lutein/d) (weeks 5–6), 10 g dried spinach powder (11·3 mg lutein/d, 3·1 mg β-carotene/d) (weeks 7–8). Blood was collected weekly from subjects after a 12 h fast. T-lymphocyte functions were assessed by measuring proliferation and secretion of immunoreactive cytokines. The consumption of a low-carotenoid diet resulted in a significantly reduced proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cultured with concanavalin A. After 2 weeks of tomato juice consumption and until the end of the intervention period lymphocyte proliferation was not significantly changed compared with proliferation at the end of the depletion period. Secretion of cytokines by T-helper-1-like lymphocytes (interleukin (IL)-2) and by T-helper-2-like lymphocytes (IL-4) was influenced by the dietary intervention. IL-2 and IL-4 secretion values were significantly suppressed after the low-carotenoid diet (P <0·001 and P < 0·05 respectively compared with baseline). Tomato juice consumption significantly enhanced IL-2 (P < 0·001) and IL-4 secretion (P < 0·05) compared with the end of depletion period. After carrot juice and spinach powder consumption the cytokine secretion capacity of PBMC was not significantly different from that at the end of the depletion period. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that a low-carotenoid diet reduces T-lymphocyte functions and addition of tomato juice restores these functions. This modulation could not be explained by changes in the plasma carotenoid concentrations. The active constituents in tomato juice as well as the biological significance of this immunomodulation remain to be determined.

scholarly journals β-Carotene Regulates NF-κB DNA-Binding Activity by a Redox Mechanism in Human Leukemia and Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Palozza ◽  
Simona Serini ◽  
Angela Torsello ◽  
Fiorella Di Nicuolo ◽  
Elisabetta Piccioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Human Leukemia ◽  
Redox Mechanism ◽  
Dna Binding Activity ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Β Carotene

scholarly journals Paraoxonase 1 Q192R (PON1-192) polymorphism is associated with reduced lipid peroxidation in healthy young men on a low-carotenoid diet supplemented with tomato juice

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achim Bub ◽  
Stephan W. Barth ◽  
Bernhard Watzl ◽  
Karlis Briviba ◽  
Gerhard Rechkemmer
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

The HDL-bound enzyme paraoxonase (PON) protects LDL from oxidation and may therefore attenuate the development of atherosclerosis. We examined the effect of tomato and carrot juice consumption on PON1 activity and lipid peroxidation in healthy young volunteers with different PON1-192 genotypes (Q/R substitution at position 192). In this randomized cross-over study twenty-two healthy, non-smoking men on a low-carotenoid diet received 330 ml/d tomato juice (37·0 mg lycopene, 1·6 mg β-carotene) or carrot juice (27·1 mg β-carotene, 13·1 mg α-carotene) for 2 weeks. Intervention periods were preceded by 2-week low-carotenoid intake. We determined the PON1-192 genotype by restriction fragment length polymorphism–polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) and measuredex vivoLDL oxidation (lag time), plasma malondialdehyde and PON1 activity at the beginning and end of each intervention period. At baseline, lag time was higher (P<0·05) in QQ (111 (sd 9) min) than in QR/RR subjects (101 (sd 8) min). Neither tomato nor carrot juice consumption had significant effects on PON1 activity. However, tomato juice consumption reduced (P<0·05) plasma malondialdehyde in QR/RR (Δ: −0·073 (sd 0·11) μmol/l) as compared to QQ subjects (Δ:+0·047 (sd 0·13) μmol/l). Carrot juice had no significant effect on malondialdehyde irrespective of the PON1-192 genotype. Male volunteers with the QR/RR genotype showed an increased lipid peroxidation at baseline. Although tomato and carrot juice fail to affect PON1 activity, tomato juice intake reduced lipid peroxidation in healthy volunteers carrying the R-allele of the PON1-192 genotype and could thus contribute to CVD risk reduction in these individuals.

scholarly journals Dietary Data in the Malmö Offspring Study–Reproducibility, Method Comparison and Validation against Objective Biomarkers

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1579
Author(s):  
Sophie Hellstrand ◽  
Filip Ottosson ◽  
Einar Smith ◽  
Louise Brunkwall ◽  
Stina Ramne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Fatty Fish ◽  
Lean Fish ◽  
Β Carotene

Irregular dietary intakes impairs estimations from food records. Biomarkers and method combinations can be used to improve estimates. Our aim was to examine reproducibility from two assessment methods, compare them, and validate intakes against objective biomarkers. We used the Malmö Offspring Study (55% women, 18–71 y) with data from a 4-day food record (4DFR) and a short food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) to compare (1) repeated intakes (n = 180), (2) intakes from 4DFR and SFFQ (n = 1601), and (3) intakes of fatty fish, fruits and vegetables, and citrus with plasma biomarkers (n = 1433) (3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid [CMPF], β-carotene and proline betaine). We also combined 4DFR and SFFQ estimates using principal component analysis (PCA). Moderate correlations were seen between repeated intakes (4DFR median ρ = 0.41, SFFQ median ρ = 0.59) although lower for specific 4DFR-items, especially fatty/lean fish (ρ ≤ 0.08). Between-method correlations (median ρ = 0.33) were higher for intakes of overall food groups compared to specific foods. PCA scores for citrus (proline betaine ρ = 0.53) and fruits and vegetables (β-carotene: ρ = 0.39) showed the highest biomarker correlations, whereas fatty fish intake from the SFFQ per se showed the highest correlation with CMPF (ρ = 0.46). To conclude, the reproducibility of SFFQ data was superior to 4DFR data regarding irregularly consumed foods. Method combination could slightly improve fruit and vegetable estimates, whereas SFFQ data gave most valid fatty fish intake.

scholarly journals Antiproliferative Activity on Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells and In Vitro Antioxidant Effect of Anthocyanin-Rich Extracts from Peels of Species of the Myrtaceae Family

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 564
Author(s):  
Nayara Simas Frauches ◽  
Júlia Montenegro ◽  
Thuane Amaral ◽  
Joel Pimentel Abreu ◽  
Gabriela Laiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Human Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells

There is a significant indication of the beneficial health effects of fruit rich diets. Fruits of native plant species have noticeably different phytochemicals and bioactive effects. The aim of this work was to characterize and compare the constituents of jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba, MJ), jamun-berry (Syzygium cumini, SC), and malay-apple (Syzygium malaccense, SM) extracts and their influence on antioxidant activity in vitro and antiproliferative effects on human colon adenocarcinoma cells. According to the results, dried peel powders (DP) have a high anthocyanin content, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity when compared to freeze dried extracts (FD). M. jaboticaba dried peel powder extract had a higher total anthocyanin and phenolic compounds content (802.90 ± 1.93 and 2152.92 ± 43.95 mg/100 g, respectively). A reduction in cell viability of HT-29 cells after treatment with M. jaboticaba extracts (DP-MJ and FD-MJ) was observed via MTT assay. Flow cytometry showed that the treatment with the anthocyanin-rich extracts from MJ, SC, and SM had an inhibitory impact on cell development due to G2/M arrest and caused a rise in apoptotic cells in relation to the control group. The findings of this study highlight the potential of peel powders from Myrtaceae fruits as an important source of natural antioxidants and a protective effect against colon adenocarcinoma.

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