scholarly journals Modulation of human T-lymphocyte functions by the consumption of carotenoid-rich vegetables

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Watzl ◽  
Achim Bub ◽  
Birgit R. Brandstetter ◽  
Gerhard Rechkemmer
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Depletion Period ◽  
Β Carotene

A human intervention study was conducted to determine the effect of the consumption of carotenoid-rich vegetables on the immune system. Subjects, (twenty-three men), who were non-smokers, were not restricted in their daily diet, except that they had to abstain from fruit and vegetables high in carotenoids throughout the whole study period. The study was divided into four periods, each lasting 2 weeks: weeks 1–2: low-carotenoid period; throughout weeks 3–8: daily consumption of 330 ml tomato juice (40 mg lycopene/d, 1·5 mg β-carotene/d) (weeks 3–4), 330 ml carrot juice (21·6 mg β-carotene/d, 15·7 mg α-carotene/d, 0·5 mg lutein/d) (weeks 5–6), 10 g dried spinach powder (11·3 mg lutein/d, 3·1 mg β-carotene/d) (weeks 7–8). Blood was collected weekly from subjects after a 12 h fast. T-lymphocyte functions were assessed by measuring proliferation and secretion of immunoreactive cytokines. The consumption of a low-carotenoid diet resulted in a significantly reduced proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) cultured with concanavalin A. After 2 weeks of tomato juice consumption and until the end of the intervention period lymphocyte proliferation was not significantly changed compared with proliferation at the end of the depletion period. Secretion of cytokines by T-helper-1-like lymphocytes (interleukin (IL)-2) and by T-helper-2-like lymphocytes (IL-4) was influenced by the dietary intervention. IL-2 and IL-4 secretion values were significantly suppressed after the low-carotenoid diet (P <0·001 and P < 0·05 respectively compared with baseline). Tomato juice consumption significantly enhanced IL-2 (P < 0·001) and IL-4 secretion (P < 0·05) compared with the end of depletion period. After carrot juice and spinach powder consumption the cytokine secretion capacity of PBMC was not significantly different from that at the end of the depletion period. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that a low-carotenoid diet reduces T-lymphocyte functions and addition of tomato juice restores these functions. This modulation could not be explained by changes in the plasma carotenoid concentrations. The active constituents in tomato juice as well as the biological significance of this immunomodulation remain to be determined.

Abstract 425: Lycopene Modulates T Lymphocyte Function by Modulating Th1 Responses and Treg Lymphocyte Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynsey M Mills ◽  
Heather Wilson ◽  
Frank Thies
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Lymphocyte Activity ◽  
Ifn Γ

Increased lycopene intake might have cardiovascular benefits, potentially through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. We recently showed that lycopene can influence lymphocyte activity by modulating processes involved in early cellular activation. T lymphocytes comprise different subsets, T cytotoxic, T helper 1 (Th1), T helper 2 (Th2) and T regulatory cells (Treg). We aimed to determine whether lycopene could specifically modulate T-cell subsets function and activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 healthy adults were cultured for 18hr to 60h in the presence of lycopene-enriched liposomes (0-1.18μg lycopene/ml) with or without mitogens. The secretion of cytokines representative of Th1,Th2 and Treg activities were measured by ELISA (IL-2, IL-1β, IL-10, IFN-γ and TGF-β) or cytometric bead array (IL-4, IL-10, IL17 and IFN-γ). The population profile of Tc (CD3+/CD8+), Th (CD3+/CD4+), Treg (CD4+/CD25+), and the Treg subsets nTreg (CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+) and iTreg (CD4+/CD25+/IL-10+) was determined by flow cytometry. After 18h incubation, IL-2 concentration in the medium was significantly reduced (-29%, p=0.001) in the presence of lycopene (1.18μg/mL). Similar effects were observed after 36h and 60h culture for IFN-γ (-23%, p=0.015), Il-10 (-30%, p=0.023), IL-17 (-30%, p=0.019) but not IL-4 or TGF-β. The proportion of Treg cell was also significantly increased by 36% (p=0.001) in the presence of lycopene (1.18μg/mL) compared with non-treated activated cells. Furthermore, the proportions of iTreg cells were significantly increased by after incubation with lycopene while the proportion of nTreg cells decreased (-20.5 %, p=0.049). We conclude that increased lycopene intake may be beneficial against atherogenesis by modulating T lymphocyte function, particularly in relation toTh1 and Treg.

The Existence Of T Helper (Tμ) And T Suppressor (Tγ) Cells For The Generation Of Monocyte Thromboplastin Activity By Lipopolysaccharides

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Levy ◽  
B S Schwartz ◽  
T S Edqinqton
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Cellular Source ◽  
Two Populations

Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) in response to LPS stimulation generate increased quantities of thromboplastin activity. Monocytes are the cellular source of this activity and direct lymphocyte collaboration is required for its expression. PBM were separated by adherence into monocyte and lymphocyte fractions. Lymphocytes were further fractionated into T and non-T cells by rosetting with neuraminidase treated SRBC. 1 × 105 monocytes had a basal activity of 250 mU which increased to a maximum 2850 mU when monocytes were stimulated by 10 ug LPS for 6 hrs at a T cell: monocyte ratio of 4:1. No increase in thromboplastin activity was observed when monocytes were stimulated by LPS either alone or in the presence of non-T cells. Moretta et al. have described a system in which T cells are segregated into helper and suppressor subsets according to their ability to mediate immunoglobulin synthesis in response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation. Using this system, T cells were further subfractionated into helper (Tμ), suppressor (Tγ ) and T null cells by cytoadherence to IgM or IgG coated ox RBC. 1 × 105 monocytes when incubated with increasing numbers of Tμ cells generated a maximal 4150 mU thromboplastin activity as the ratio of Tμ: monocytes approached 4:1. No increase in monocyte thromboplastin activity was observed above basal levels of 160 mU when monocytes were stimulated by LPS in the presence of either Tγ or T null cells. Tγ cells were observed to suppress Tμ helper cell function with a decrease in monocyte thromboplastin activity from 4150 mU to 1100 mU as the Tγ: Tμ ratio increased from 0:1 to 4:1. Thus, at least two populations within the T lymphocyte series the T μ (helper) and Tγ (suppressor) fractions modulate the expression of thromboplastin activity by monocytes.

scholarly journals Effects of carrot and tomato juice consumption on faecal markers relevant to colon carcinogenesis in humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Schnäbele ◽  
Karlis Briviba ◽  
Achim Bub ◽  
Silvia Roser ◽  
Beatrice L. Pool-Zobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Cell Culture Systems ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Β Carotene

High intakes of carotenoid-rich fruits and vegetables are associated with a reduced risk of various cancers including colon cancer. A human intervention study with carrot and tomato juice should show whether a diet rich in carotenoids, especially high in β-carotene and lycopene, can modify luminal processes relevant to colon carcinogenesis. In a randomised cross-over trial, twenty-two healthy young men on a low-carotenoid diet consumed 330 ml tomato or carrot juice per d for 2 weeks. Intervention periods were preceded by 2-week depletion phases. At the end of each study period, faeces of twelve volunteers were collected for chemical analyses and use in cell-culture systems. Consumption of carrot juice led to a marked increase of β-carotene and α-carotene in faeces and faecal water, as did lycopene after consumption of tomato juice. In the succeeding depletion phases, carotenoid contents in faeces and faecal water returned to their initial values. Faecal water showed high dose-dependent cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects on colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29). These effects were not markedly changed by carrot and tomato juice consumption. Neither bile acid concentrations nor activities of the bacterial enzymes β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase in faecal water changed after carrot and tomato juice consumption. Faecal water pH decreased only after carrot juice consumption. SCFA were probably not responsible for this effect, as SCFA concentrations and profiles did not change significantly. In summary, in the present study, 2-week interventions with carotenoid-rich juices led only to minor changes in investigated luminal biomarkers relevant to colon carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Effects of ingestion of tomatoes, tomato juice and tomato purée on contents of lycopene isomers, tocopherols and ascorbic acid in human plasma as well as on lycopene isomer pattern

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 734-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Fröhlich ◽  
Karin Kaufmann ◽  
Roland Bitsch ◽  
Volker Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Isomer Ratio ◽  
Depletion Period ◽  
Tomato Puree ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Tomato Products

Tomatoes are an important part of the diet. Lycopene, the predominant carotenoid in tomatoes, is hypothesised to mainly mediate the health benefits of tomato products. Anticancer activity of tomato products and lycopene has been suggested by numerous studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ingestion of three different tomato-based foodstuffs on plasma contents of lycopene, tocopherols and ascorbic acid. Because isomers of lycopene may have different biological activities, a special interest was to look how the lycopene isomer pattern is changed depending on the matrix of tomato products. Following a 2-week depletion phase volunteers ingested 12·5mg lycopene/d for 4 weeks comprising tomatoes, tomato juice or tomato purée. The basal levels of lycopene in plasma were comparable for all groups and decreased significantly during the 2 weeks of depletion to approximately half of the basal values. Following intervention, plasma lycopene concentration increased significantly. Conversely, supplementation did not significantly affect levels of tocopherols and ascorbic acid in plasma. Regarding isomers of lycopene, the (Z)-lycopene:(all-E)-lycopene plasma isomer ratio was significantly changed during the study for all groups. A remarkable enrichment of the relative contents of (5Z)-lycopene was observed during the depletion period, which supports the hypothesis that lycopene (Z)-isomers are formed within the human body after ingestion of (all-E)-lycopene. After dietary intervention with lycopene-rich products the isomer ratios returned to those observed at the start of the study. Further investigations will clarify the process of isomerisation in more detail.

scholarly journals Paraoxonase 1 Q192R (PON1-192) polymorphism is associated with reduced lipid peroxidation in healthy young men on a low-carotenoid diet supplemented with tomato juice

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achim Bub ◽  
Stephan W. Barth ◽  
Bernhard Watzl ◽  
Karlis Briviba ◽  
Gerhard Rechkemmer
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

The HDL-bound enzyme paraoxonase (PON) protects LDL from oxidation and may therefore attenuate the development of atherosclerosis. We examined the effect of tomato and carrot juice consumption on PON1 activity and lipid peroxidation in healthy young volunteers with different PON1-192 genotypes (Q/R substitution at position 192). In this randomized cross-over study twenty-two healthy, non-smoking men on a low-carotenoid diet received 330 ml/d tomato juice (37·0 mg lycopene, 1·6 mg β-carotene) or carrot juice (27·1 mg β-carotene, 13·1 mg α-carotene) for 2 weeks. Intervention periods were preceded by 2-week low-carotenoid intake. We determined the PON1-192 genotype by restriction fragment length polymorphism–polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) and measuredex vivoLDL oxidation (lag time), plasma malondialdehyde and PON1 activity at the beginning and end of each intervention period. At baseline, lag time was higher (P<0·05) in QQ (111 (sd 9) min) than in QR/RR subjects (101 (sd 8) min). Neither tomato nor carrot juice consumption had significant effects on PON1 activity. However, tomato juice consumption reduced (P<0·05) plasma malondialdehyde in QR/RR (Δ: −0·073 (sd 0·11) μmol/l) as compared to QQ subjects (Δ:+0·047 (sd 0·13) μmol/l). Carrot juice had no significant effect on malondialdehyde irrespective of the PON1-192 genotype. Male volunteers with the QR/RR genotype showed an increased lipid peroxidation at baseline. Although tomato and carrot juice fail to affect PON1 activity, tomato juice intake reduced lipid peroxidation in healthy volunteers carrying the R-allele of the PON1-192 genotype and could thus contribute to CVD risk reduction in these individuals.

scholarly journals Carrot Juice Consumption Reduces High Fructose-Induced Adiposity in Rats and Body Weight and BMI in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863882110149
Author(s):  
Malleswarapu Mahesh ◽  
Himanshi Pandey ◽  
Mooli Raja Gopal Reddy ◽  
Prashanti Prabhakaran Sobhana ◽  
Damayanti Korrapati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Carrot Juice ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Β Carotene

Nutritional intervention is a key strategy in the control and management of non-communicable diseases. Here, initially, we evaluated the effects of carrot juice (CJ) on some of the physical and biochemical parameters in rats fed with high-fructose diet, then in type 2 diabetic subjects. For the animal study, weanling male Wistar rats were given control (n = 6) or high fructose (HFr; n = 24) diet for 8 weeks. Then, the HFr group rats were subdivided into 4 groups (n = 6 in each) and continued either on HFr diet or shifted to control diet, with or without CJ (0.3 mg β-carotene) ingestion orally for 8 weeks. At the end, the ingestion of CJ reversed the HFr-induced adiposity (23 ± 1.6 vs 18 ± 1.1, P = .038), hypertriglyceridemia (182 ± 18.2 vs 90 ± 10.5 mg/dL, P<0.001), and hyperinsulinemia (81 ± 14.7 vs 40 ± 7.5 µU/mL, P = .014), while increased the retinol levels in liver (240 ± 38.4 vs 492 ± 61.2 µg/g, P = .002) and adipose tissue (1.8 ± 0.09 vs 2.5 ± 0.18 µg/g, P = .026). On the other hand, in the diabetic subjects (7 males and females each, n = 14) compared to their baseline, the daily consumption of 50 mL CJ (~2400 µg β-carotene) for 6 weeks significantly reduced the body weight (69.4 ± 4.13 vs 69.0 ± 4.09 kg, P = .014), BMI (27.4 ± 1.07 vs 27.2 ± 1.06 kg/m2, P = .007), and fat% (33.4 ± 1.87 vs 31.9 ± 2.13, P = .029) with an increase in plasma β-carotene levels (0.21 ± 0.045 vs 0.45 ± 0.089 µmol/L, P = .044). Although CJ increased the glucose (145 ± 10.4 vs 165 ± 11.4 mg/dL, P = .039), insulin, and glycated hemoglobin levels remained unaltered. In conclusion, the consumption of carrot juice reversed the HFr-induced metabolic abnormalities in a rat model and decreased body weight and BMI of diabetic subjects.

Protective effects of soy-isoflavones in cardiovascular disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fuchs ◽  
H. Daniel ◽  
U. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Estrogen Production

SummaryEpidemiological studies indicate that the consumption of soy-containing food may prevent or slow-down the development of cardiovascular disease. In endothelial cells application of a soy extract or a combination of the most abundant soy isoflavones genistein and daidzein both inhibited apoptosis, a driving force in atherosclerosis development, when applied in combination with oxidized LDL or homocysteine. Proteome analysis revealed that the stressorinduced alteration of protein expression profile was reversed by the soy extract or the genistein/daidzein mixture. Only few protein entities that could be functionally linked to mitochondrial dysfunction were regulated in common by both application forms of isoflavones. A dietary intervention with isoflavone-enriched soy extract in postmenopausal women, who generally show strongly increased cardiovascular risk due to diminished estrogen production, led to significant alterations in the steady state levels of proteins from mononuclear blood cells. The proteins identified by proteome analysis revealed that soy isoflavones may increase the anti-inflammatory response in blood mononuclear cells thereby contributing to the atherosclerosispreventive activities of a soy-rich diet. Conclusion: By proteome analysis protein targets were identified in vitro in endothelial cells that respond to soy isoflavones and that may decipher molecular mechanisms through which soy products exert their protective effects in the vasculature.

Traditional Acupuncture Increases the Content of Beta-Endorphin in Immune Cells and Influences Mitogen Induced Proliferation

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Bianchi ◽  
Edda Jotti ◽  
Paola Sacerdote ◽  
Alberto E. Panerai
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Beta Endorphin ◽  
T Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

We measured beta-endorphin concentrations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and mitogen-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation in patient who underwent treatment with traditional acupuncture. Traditional acupuncture increased both the concentrations of the opioid in the immune cells and lymphocyte proliferation. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that traditional acupuncture modulates immune responses in man.

scholarly journals The 3′ CCACCA Sequence of tRNAAla(UGC) Is the Motif That Is Important in Inducing Th1-Like Immune Response, and This Motif Can Be Recognized by Toll-Like Receptor 3

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 733-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Wang ◽  
Li Xiang ◽  
Junjie Shao ◽  
Zhenghong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Anticodon Loop ◽  
T Helper ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Th 1 ◽  
Ctl Responses

ABSTRACT In this article, the immunogenicity of tRNA and the recognition of tRNA by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are analyzed. Analyses of the effects of different tRNAAla(UGC) fragments (tRNAAla1-76 [corresponding to positions 1 through 76], tRNAAla26-76, tRNAAla40-76, tRNAAla62-76, tRNAAla1-70, tRNAAla26-70, tRNAAla40-70, and tRNAAla62-70) on the immune responses of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were performed with BALB/c mice. Results show that tRNAAla1-76, tRNAAla26-76, tRNAAla40-76, and tRNAAla62-76 adjuvants not only induced stronger T helper (Th) 1 immune responses but also cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses relative to tRNAAla1-70, tRNAAla26-70, tRNAAla40-70, and tRNAAla62-70 adjuvants in HBsAg immunization. A deletion of the D loop (tRNAAla26-76), anticodon loop (tRNAAla40-76), or TψC (tRNAAla62-76) loop of tRNAAla(UGC) does not significantly decrease the adjuvant characteristic of tRNAAla(UGC). However a deletion of the 3′-end CCACCA sequence (tRNAAla1-70, tRNAAla26-70, tRNAAla40-70, and tRNAAla62-70) of tRNAAla(UGC) significantly decreased the adjuvant characteristic in Th1 and CTL immune responses. Moreover, the recognitions of different tRNAAla(UGC) fragments by TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 were analyzed. Results show that a deletion of the 3′ CCACCA sequence of tRNAAla(UGC) significantly decreased the recognition by TLR3. We concluded that the 3′ CCACCA sequence of tRNAAla(UGC) is the important motif to induce Th1 and CTL responses and this motif can be effectively recognized by TLR3.

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