scholarly journals Oxidised cholesterol is more hypercholesterolaemic and atherogenic than non-oxidised cholesterol in hamsters

2007 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Ho Ng ◽  
Xiao Qiang Yao ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Zhen-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Pure Cholesterol

The present study was to test the relative hypercholesterolaemic and atherogenic potency of oxidised cholesterol (OxC) and non-oxidised cholesterol in hamsters. An OxC mixture, prepared by heating pure cholesterol (100 g) at 160°C in air for 72 h, contained 78 % cholesterol and 22 % OxC. Fifty Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly divided into five groups of ten animals and fed the control diet, a 0·05 % cholesterol diet (C-0·05), a 0·10 % cholesterol diet (C-0·1), a 0·05 % OxC mixture diet (OxC-0·05) or a 0·10 % OxC mixture diet (OxC-0·1), respectively. The OxC-0·05 and OxC-0·1 groups were more hypercholesterolaemic and had serum total cholesterol 22 and 12 % higher than the corresponding C-0·05 and C-0·1 hamsters (P < 0·05). The OxC-0·1 group demonstrated greater deposition of cholesterol and had a larger area of atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta than the corresponding C-0·1 hamsters (P < 0·05). Similarly, the aorta in the OxC-0·1 group showed greater inhibition on acetylcholine-induced relaxation compared with that in the C-0·1 hamsters. It was concluded that OxC was much more hypercholesterolaemic and atherogenic than cholesterol.

The correlation between serum total cholesterol and some trace elements in serum, liver and heart of rats fed high cholesterol diet

Nahrung/Food ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 827-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. H. Abu-El-Zahab ◽  
Wafaa E. Abdel Aal ◽  
R. Awadallah ◽  
Tahani M. Mikhail ◽  
K. Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol

Effect of the Use of Cholesterol Digitonide in Standards on the Results of Estimation of Cholesterol in Blood and Tissues by the Schoenheimer—Sperry Method

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Venugopala Rao ◽  
S Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Pure Cholesterol

Abstract In the classic Schoenheimer—Sperry method for estimating cholesterol [J. Biol. Chem. 106, 745 (1934)] it is selectively precipitated with digitonin, and interference by other substances is minimized. The standards used in the color development are pure cholesterol. We suggest that the standard cholesterol should also be converted to cholesterol digitonide and treated identically to the test samples. When this is done, the values for cholesterol in test samples are significantly higher, both for free and total cholesterol in blood serum and for total cholesterol in tissues. Moreover, recovery experiments showed that error is diminished. Values for serum total cholesterol obtained when cholesterol digitonide standards were used were closer to those obtained by the method of Abell et al. than when pure cholesterol standards were used.

EFFECTS OF COMPOUND 48/80, CHLORPROMAZINE, DEXTRAN, AND RESERPINE IN RABBITS FED A 1% CHOLESTEROL DIET

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Lafrance ◽  
Jacques LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Exogenous Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Intake

The effects of drugs such as compound 48/80, chlorpromazine, dextran, and reserpine which influence the release and metabolism of biogenic amines, have been studied in rabbits fed a 1% cholesterol diet for 5 and 9 weeks. It was found that chlorpromazine, dextran, reserpine, and reserpine + compound 48/80 decreased the serum total cholesterol and lipid levels during the first 3 weeks of the 9-week experiment. This hypolipemic effect was no longer evident in the latter part of the experiment. Chlorpromazine and dextran reduced the serum total cholesterol, total lipid, and total protein levels after the 4th week of the 5-week experiment. The aortic fatty deposits of the treated groups were less abundant after 5 weeks of experiment but not significantly so after 9 weeks. Compound 48/80 had no decreasing effect on serum lipemia or aortic deposits in either experiment. The effects obtained with dextran and reserpine were not due to variations in exogenous cholesterol intake or intestinal absorption of the ingested cholesterol. However a smaller intake of exogenous cholesterol may partly account for the effects observed with chlorpromazine, and a reduced intestinal absorption for the effects observed with reserpine + compound 48/80.

scholarly journals A Novel Trigger for Cholesterol-Dependent Smooth Muscle Contraction Mediated by the Sphingosylphosphorylcholine-Rho-Kinase Pathway in the Rat Basilar Artery: A Mechanistic Role for Lipid Rafts

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Shirao ◽  
Hiroshi Yoneda ◽  
Mizuya Shinoyama ◽  
Kazutaka Sugimoto ◽  
Hiroyasu Koizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Membrane Microdomains ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cranial Window

Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for abnormal cerebrovascular events. Rafts are cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains that influence signal transduction. We previously showed that Rho-kinase-mediated Ca2+ sensitization of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) induced by sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) has a pivotal role in cerebral vasospasm. The goals of the study were to show SPC-Rho-kinase-mediated VSM contraction in vivo and to link this effect to cholesterol and rafts. The SPC-induced VSM contraction measured using a cranial window model was reversed by Y-27632, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, in rats fed a control diet. The extent of SPC-induced contraction correlated with serum total cholesterol. Total cholesterol levels in the internal carotid artery (ICA) were significantly higher in rats fed a cholesterol diet compared with a control diet or a β-cyclodextrin diet, which depletes VSM cholesterol. Western blotting and real-time PCR revealed increases in flotillin-1, a raft marker, and flotillin-1 mRNA in the ICA in rats fed a cholesterol diet, but not in rats fed the β-cyclodextrin diet. Depletion of cholesterol decreased rafts in VSM cells, and prevention of an increase in cholesterol by β-cyclodextrin inhibited SPC-induced contraction in a cranial window model. These results indicate that cholesterol potentiates SPC-Rho-kinase-mediated contractions of importance in cerebral vasospasm and are compatible with a role for rafts in this process.

scholarly journals Sweet Potato Leaf Feeding Decreases Cholesterol, Oxidative Stress and Thrombosis Formation in Syrian Hamsters with a High-Cholesterol Diet

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 802
Author(s):  
Hao-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Yi-Chan Lan ◽  
Shiu-Dong Chung ◽  
Chiang-Ting Chien
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Potato Leaf

Nutritional strategies to reduce hyperlipidemia and the risk of cardiovascular disease are gaining more public favor and medical professionals’ attention. The authors of this study explored the effect of sweet potato leaf powder (SPLP) feeding on the parameters of plasma lipids, reactive oxygen species, and time to thrombosis formation in Syrian hamsters fed with high-cholesterol diets. The animals were separated into six groups: a feeding control diet, a control diet containing 0.1% cholesterol, a control diet containing 0.2% cholesterol, a control diet containing 0.1% cholesterol plus 2.5% SPLP, a control diet containing 0.1% cholesterol plus 5% SPLP, and a control diet containing 0.2% cholesterol plus 5% SPLP for six weeks. The levels of serum total cholesterol (51% increase), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (70.6% increase), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (51.3% increase), and the triglyceride and atherogenic index (LDL-C/HDL-C) significantly increased in the high-cholesterol diet groups. Concomitant 5% sweet potato leaf powder ingestion significantly decreased the lipid profiles, with a 20.6% total cholesterol reduction in the 0.1% cholesterol diet groups, a 17.2% reduction in the 0.2% group, a 48.7% LDL reduction in the 0.1% cholesterol group, and a 30.3% reduction in the 0.2% group, with a consequent decrease in the atherogenic index. SPLP feeding was found to be associated with increased fecal sterol contents, with a 188.6% increase in the 0.1% cholesterol-fed group and a 177.3% increase in the 0.2% group. The SPLP-fed groups had depressed ROS levels, elongated FeCl3-induced times to thrombosis formation, and increased liver superoxide dismutase contents and SREBP-1 protein expression. Sweet potato leaf intake could reduce plasma total cholesterol, LDL, and oxidative stress. We suggest sweet potato leaf intake as a choice of nutritional strategy for hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease prevention.

HRA Model for Hypercholesterolemia Based on a Longitudinal Health Database

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
T. Kishimoto ◽  
Y. Iida ◽  
K. Yoshida ◽  
M. Miyakawa ◽  
H. Sugimori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Serum Total Cholesterol ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Database ◽  
Observation Period

AbstractTo evaluate the risk factors for hypercholesterolemia, we examined 4,371 subjects (3,207 males and 1,164 females) who received medical checkups more than twice at an AMHTS in Tokyo during the period from 1976 through 1991; and whose serum total cholesterol was under 250 mg/dl. The mean follow-up duration was 6.6 years. A self-registering questionnaire was administered at the time of the health checkup. The endpoint of this study was the onset of hypercholesterolemia when the level of serum total cholesterol was 250 mg/dl and over. We compared two prognosis groups (normal and hypercholesterol) in terms of age, examination findings and lifestyle. After assessing each variable, we employed Cox's proportional hazards model analysis to determine the factors related to the occurrence of hypercholesterolemia. According to proportional hazards model analysis, total cholesterol, triglyceride and smoking at the beginning, and hypertension during the observation period were selected in males; and total cholesterol at the beginning and age were selected in females to determine the factors related to the occurrence of hypercholesterolemia.

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