scholarly journals High serum carotenoids are associated with lower risk for developing elevated serum alanine aminotransferase among Japanese subjects: the Mikkabi cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1462-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Sugiura ◽  
Mieko Nakamura ◽  
Kazunori Ogawa ◽  
Yoshinori Ikoma ◽  
Masamichi Yano
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Provitamin A Carotenoids ◽  
Serum Carotenoids ◽  
Japanese Subjects

AbstractMany recent studies have shown that antioxidant vitamins and/or carotenoids may reduce liver disease, but this association has not been well established with thorough longitudinal cohort studies. The objective of this study was to longitudinally investigate whether serum carotenoids at baseline are associated with the risk of developing elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) among Japanese subjects. We conducted a follow-up study of 1073 males and females aged between 30 and 79 years at baseline from the Mikkabi prospective cohort study. Those who participated in the baseline study and completed follow-up surveys were examined longitudinally. Exclusions included excessive alcohol consumption (≥60 g alcohol/d), hepatitis B and C and having a history of medication use for liver disease. A cohort of 213 males and 574 females free of elevated serum ALT (>30 IU/ml) at baseline was studied. Over a mean follow-up period of 7·4 (sd 3·1) years, thirty-one males and forty-nine females developed new elevated serum ALT. After adjustments for confounders, the hazard ratios for elevated serum ALT in the highest tertiles of basal serum β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and total provitamin A carotenoids against the lowest tertiles were 0·43 (95 % CI 0·22, 0·81), 0·51 (CI 0·27, 0·94) and 0·52 (CI 0·28, 0·97), respectively. For α-carotene and lycopene, borderline reduced risks were also observed; however, these were not significant. Our results further support the hypothesis that antioxidant carotenoids, especially provitamin A carotenoids, might help prevent earlier pathogenesis of non-alcoholic liver disease in Japanese subjects.

scholarly journals High serum carotenoids associated with lower risk for the metabolic syndrome and its components among Japanese subjects: Mikkabi cohort study

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 1674-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Sugiura ◽  
Mieko Nakamura ◽  
Kazunori Ogawa ◽  
Yoshinori Ikoma ◽  
Masamichi Yano
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Carotenoids ◽  
Japanese Subjects

AbstractRecent epidemiological studies show the association of carotenoids with the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but thorough longitudinal cohort studies regarding this association have not been well conducted. The objective of this study was to investigate longitudinally whether serum carotenoids are associated with the risk of developing the MetS and its components in Japanese subjects. We conducted a follow-up study on 1073 men and women aged 30–79 years at the baseline from the Mikkabi prospective cohort study. Those who participated in the baseline and completed follow-up surveys were examined longitudinally. Over the 10-year period, 910 subjects (295 men and 615 women) took part in the follow-up survey at least once. Over a mean follow-up period of 7·8 (sd 2·9) years, thirty-six men and thirty-one women developed new MetS. After adjustments for confounders, the hazard ratio (HR) for the MetS in the highest tertile of serum β-carotene against the lowest tertile was 0·47 (95 % CI 0·23, 0·95). On the other hand, significantly lower risks for dyslipidaemia were observed in the highest tertiles of serum α- and β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin (HR 0·66; 95 % CI 0·46, 0·96; HR, 0·54; 95 % CI 0·37, 0·79; and HR 0·66; 95 % CI 0·44, 0·99, respectively). Other significant associations between the risks for obesity, high blood pressure and hyperglycaemia with serum carotenoids were not observed. Our results further support the hypothesis that eating a diet rich in carotenoids might help prevent the development of the MetS and its complications in Japanese subjects.

Liver Histopathology and Liver and Serum Alanine Aminotransferase and Alkaline Phosphatase Activities in Epileptic Dogs Receiving Phenobarbital

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Gaskill ◽  
L. M. Miller ◽  
J. S. Mattoon ◽  
W. E. Hoffmann ◽  
S. A. Burton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
Liver Homogenates

Phenobarbital (PB) therapy is frequently associated with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities in dogs without clinical signs of liver disease. The goal of this study was to determine if increased serum ALT and AP activities in clinically healthy PB-treated epileptic dogs are due to hepatic enzyme induction or to subclinical liver injury. Liver biopsies were obtained from 12 PB-treated dogs without clinical signs of liver disease but with elevated serum ALT and/or AP activities or both. Liver biopsies were obtained from eight healthy control dogs not receiving PB. Biopsies were evaluated histopathologically (all dogs) and liver homogenates were assayed for ALT (all dogs) and AP (six treated dogs, all controls) activities. As a positive control, liver cytochrome P4502B, an enzyme known to be induced by PB, was measured by benzyloxyresorufin- O-dealkylase activity and immunoblotting (five treated dogs, all controls). Serum AP isoenzyme analyses were performed. Results showed that ALT and AP activities in liver homogenates were not increased in treated dogs compared with controls, whereas the positive control for induction, CYP2B, was dramatically increased in treated dogs. Histopathological examination of liver biopsies revealed more severe and frequent abnormalities in treated dogs compared to controls, but similar types of abnormalities were found in both groups. Serum AP isoenzyme analyses in treated dogs demonstrated increased corticosteroid-induced and liver isoenzyme activities compared to controls. Results do not support induction of ALT or AP in the liver as the cause of elevated serum activities of these enzymes due to PB.

scholarly journals Serum Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Activity among Diabetic Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-390
Author(s):  
Anshu Upadhayay
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Diabetic Status ◽  
Common Sign ◽  
Routine Assessment ◽  
Alt Activity

Serum Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity is the most common screening test as a part of routine assessment of liver damage. Due to its low activity in extra hepatic tissues an increase in serum ALT is more specific for liver disease. The liver pathology among diabetics is similar to that of alcoholic liver disease, including fatty liver, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Thus, elevated serum ALT activity which is a common sign of liver disease is also observed more frequently in diabetics. This study has been designed with the aim to determine the association of serum ALT activity with diabetes mellitus. The study included 208 subjects attending Nepal police hospital during the time frame 6th October 2009 to 4th January 2010.The ALT activity in serum was determined by kit method, fasting and post prandial sugar was tested by GOD-POD method.Among the total diabetic subjects 43.26% were found to have elevated serum ALT activity (>40IU/L). Diabetic status was found to be significantly associated with ALT activity (p=0.04). In addition to diabetic status body mass index (BMI) was also significantly associated with ALT activity (p=0.02) and higher BMI increases the likelihood of elevated ALT. The association of ALT activity was found to be inverse and significant with age of the patient(r=-0.217, p=0.005). Physical activity was also found to be inversely associated with ALT activity(r=-0.149, p=0.03). Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 386-390

scholarly journals Upper Normal Limit of Serum Alanine Aminotransferase and Its Association with Metabolic Risk Factors in Pars Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faeze Sehatpour ◽  
Alireza Salehi ◽  
Hossein Molavi Vardanjani ◽  
Hossein Poustchi ◽  
Abdullah Gandomkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Normal Limit ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Recommended Level

BACKGROUND The range of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) varies in different sub-populations or countries. Its population-specific cut-off points may provide a more effective screening tool for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Objectives To investigate the upper normal level (UNL) of ALT and its association with metabolic syndrome (MS) in a semi-urban population in southern Iran. METHODS The baseline data of Pars Cohort Study was used. A total of 9264 subjects aged 40-75 years were enrolled. UNL of ALT was estimated based on 95 percentile of ALT in participants who had body mass index (BMI) < 25. Multivariable logistic regression was applied and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. RESULTS 95 percentile of ALT was 41.71 U/L and 32.9 U/L in men and women, respectively. Abnormal waist circumference (OR: 1.72, 95%CI: 1.34, 2.21), triglyceride (OR: 1.63, 95%CI: 1.25, 2.13), fasting blood sugar (OR: 1.69, 95%CI: 1.32, 2.16), cholesterol level (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.09) and systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.08, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.16) were independently associated with ALT. CONCLUSION UNL of ALT in southern Iranian women is lower than the current recommended level, while these are almost the same for men. MS components are highly common in southern Iran and are associated with elevated serum ALT. Further studies are recommended to estimate the UNL of serum ALT among the Iranian population with NAFLD.

scholarly journals The association between serum alanine aminotransferase and hypertension: A national based cross-sectional analysis among over 21 million Chinese adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajing Jia ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Fangchao Liu ◽  
Minjin Zhang ◽  
Qin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background Inconsistent results were found in the association between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and hypertension among population-based studies. This study evaluated the association between ALT and hypertension among Chinese reproductive-age population by utilizing registration data from National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkups Project in 2016–2017. Methods The 21,103,790 registered participants were eligible for analysis, including women who were 20–49 years old and men who were 20–59 years old with available data for ALT and blood pressure (BP). Logistic regression was conducted to estimate odds ratio (OR) for the association between ALT and hypertension as a binary outcome. Linear regression was used to examine the association between ALT and BP as a continuous outcome. Results In total, 4.21% of the participants were hypertensive, and 11.67% had elevated ALT (> 40 U/L). Hypertension prevalence was 3.63% and 8.56% among participants with normal and elevated ALT levels. A strong linear relationship was found between serum ALT levels and the odds of hypertension after adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariable-adjusted ORs for hypertension were 1, 1.22 (1.21, 1.22), 1.67 (1.65 1.68), 1.78 (1.76, 1.80), and 1.92 (1.90, 1.94) in participants with ALT levels of ≤ 20, 20.01–40, 40.01–60, 60.01–80, and > 80 U/L, respectively. Systolic and diastolic BPs rose by 1.83 and 1.20 mmHg on average, for each 20 U/L increase in ALT (P for trend < 0.001). The association was consistent among subgroups and tended to be stronger among populations who are overweight (body mass index ≥ 24 kg/m2) (χ2 = 52,228, P < 0.001), alcohol drinking (χ2 = 100,730, P < 0.001) and cigarette smoking (χ2 = 105,347, P < 0.001). Conclusions Our cross-sectional analysis suggested a linear association between serum ALT and hypertension or BP, which indicated that abnormal liver metabolism marked by elevated serum ALT could play a role in hypertension or elevated BP condition.

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