scholarly journals A randomised-controlled trial of the effects of very low-carbohydrate and high-carbohydrate diets on cognitive performance in patients with type 2 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 1745-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Tay ◽  
Ian T. Zajac ◽  
Campbell H. Thompson ◽  
Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh ◽  
Vanessa Danthiir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Perceptual Speed ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

AbstractThis study compared the longer-term effects of a very low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet with a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on cognitive performance in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In total, 115 obese adults with T2D (sixty-six males, BMI: 34·6 (sd 4·3) kg/m2, age: 58 (sd 7) years, HbA1c: 7·3 (sd 1·1) %, diabetes duration: 8 (sd 6) years) were randomised to consume either an energy-restricted, very low-carbohydrate, low-saturated-fat (LC) diet or an energy-matched high unrefined carbohydrate, low-fat (HC) diet with supervised aerobic/resistance exercise (60 min, 3 d/week) for 52 weeks. Body weight, HbA1c and cognitive performance assessing perceptual speed, reasoning speed, reasoning ability, working memory, verbal fluency, processing speed, short-term memory, inhibition and memory scanning speed were assessed before and after intervention. No differences in the changes in cognitive test performance scores between the diet groups were observed for any of the cognitive function outcomes assessed (P≥0·24 time×diet). Percentage reduction in body weight correlated with improvements with perceptual speed performance. In obese adults with T2D, both LC and HC weight-loss diets combined with exercise training had similar effects on cognitive performance. This suggests that an LC diet integrated within a lifestyle modification programme can be used as a strategy for weight and diabetes management without the concern of negatively affecting cognitive function.

723-P: Effect of Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat vs. High-Carbohydrate Low-Fat Diet on HbA1c Control in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 723-P
Author(s):  
LINGWANG AN ◽  
DANDAN WANG ◽  
XIAORONG SHI ◽  
CHENHUI LIU ◽  
KUEICHUN YEH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Hba1c Control

scholarly journals Body Weight Control by a High-Carbohydrate/Low-Fat Diet Slows the Progression of Diabetic Kidney Damage in an Obese, Hypertensive, Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuichi Ohtomo ◽  
Yuko Izuhara ◽  
Masaomi Nangaku ◽  
Takashi Dan ◽  
Sadayoshi Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Body Weight Control ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Obesity is one of several factors implicated in the genesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Obese, hypertensive, type 2 diabetic rats SHR/NDmcr-cp were given, for 12 weeks, either a normal, middle-carbohydrate/middle-fat diet (MC/MF group) or a high-carbohydrate/low-fat diet (HC/LF group). Daily caloric intake was the same in both groups. Nevertheless, the HC/LF group gained less weight. Despite equivalent degrees of hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and even a poorer glycemic control, the HC/LF group had less severe renal histological abnormalities and a reduced intrarenal advanced glycation and oxidative stress. Mediators of the renoprotection, specifically linked to obesity and body weight control, include a reduced renal inflammation and TGF-beta expression, together with an enhanced level of adiponectin. Altogether, these data identify a specific role of body weight control by a high-carbohydrate/low-fat diet in the progression of DN. Body weight control thus impacts on local intrarenal advanced glycation and oxidative stress through inflammation and adiponectin levels.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of a Very Low Carbohydrate Compared With a High Carbohydrate Diet on Renal Function in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (47) ◽  
pp. e2181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Tay ◽  
Campbell H. Thompson ◽  
Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh ◽  
Manny Noakes ◽  
Jonathan D. Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

scholarly journals Very Low and Higher Carbohydrate Diets Promote Differential Appetite Responses in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-805
Author(s):  
Noor A Struik ◽  
Grant D Brinkworth ◽  
Campbell H Thompson ◽  
Jonathan D Buckley ◽  
Gary Wittert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
E Protein ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Prospective Consumption

ABSTRACT Background Effects of very low carbohydrate (VLC) diets on appetite response in individuals with type 2 diabetes remain unclear. Objective A secondary analysis was conducted to determine appetite responses to an energy-restricted [30% of energy (%E) deficit] very low carbohydrate (VLC) diet compared with a higher carbohydrate (HC) diet in adults who were overweight or obese with type 2 diabetes. Methods Forty-four men and 40 women (mean ± SD, age: 58.7 ± 6.6 y; weight: 100.4 ± 15.5 kg; BMI: 34.5 ± 4.1 kg/m2; glycated hemoglobin: 7.3 ± 1.0%; duration of diabetes: 6.7 ± 5.6 y) were randomly assigned to diets categorized as VLC [14%E carbohydrate (<50 g/d), 28%E protein, 58%E fat (<10%E saturated fat)], or energy-matched HC [53%E carbohydrate, 17%E protein, 30%E fat (<10%E saturated fat)] combined with progressive multicomponent exercise (60 min; 3 d/wk). Body weight, average weekly “daily fasting” and “daily overall” appetite perceptions (hunger, fullness, prospective consumption, and desire to eat—visual analog scales) were assessed at baseline and after 4 and 16 wk. Changes between diets over time were assessed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results Significant decreases in body weight did not differ between groups (VLC: −11.0 ± 5.4 kg/16 wk compared with HC: −10.1 ± 4.3 kg/16 wk, P = 0.40). Compared with HC, VLC had greater decreases in “daily overall” ratings of fullness (P time × diet < 0.01), such that scores were higher in HC at Week 4 (VLC:48 ± 3 vs HC:56 ± 3 mm, P = 0.001) and 16 (VLC:51 ± 2 vs HC:57 ± 3 mm, P = 0.019). Compared with HC, VLC had greater increases in prospective consumption ratings (P time × diet = 0.03), such that scores were lower in HC at Week 4 (VLC:33 ± 2 vs HC:28 ± 2 mm, P = 0.008), but not at Week 16 (VLC:33 ± 2 vs HC 31 ± 2 mm, P = 0.289). Conclusions In the context of energy restriction, both HC and VLC energy-matched diets promoted comparable effects on fasting perceptions of appetite, but the HC diet resulted in greater “daily overall” fullness and reduced prospective consumption. Further research is required to evaluate the effects of ad libitum diets differing in amounts of carbohydrate on appetite response in populations with type 2 diabetes. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12612000369820.

scholarly journals A High-Carbohydrate, High-Fiber, Low-Fat Diet Results in Weight Loss among Adults at High Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
pp. jn252395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison C Sylvetsky ◽  
Sharon L Edelstein ◽  
Geoffrey Walford ◽  
Edward J Boyko ◽  
Edward S Horton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Fat Diet
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