scholarly journals The tissue profile of metabolically active coenzyme forms of vitamin B12 differs in vitamin B12-depleted rats treated with hydroxo-B12 or cyano-B12

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Greibe ◽  
Linda S. Kornerup ◽  
Christian B. Juul ◽  
Sergey N. Fedosov ◽  
Christian W. Heegaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

AbstractRecent rat studies show different tissue distributions of vitamin B12 (B12), administered orally as hydroxo-B12 (HO-B12) (predominant in food) and cyano-B12 (CN-B12) (common in supplements). Here we examine male Wistar rats kept on a low-B12 diet for 4 weeks followed by a 2-week period on diets with HO-B12 (n 9) or CN-B12 (n 9), or maintained on a low-B12 diet (n 9). Plasma B12 was analysed before, during and after the study. The content of B12 and its variants (HO-B12, glutathionyl-B12, CN-B12, 5'-deoxyadenosyl-B12 (ADO-B12), and methyl-B12 (CH3-B12)) were assessed in the tissues at the end of the study. A period of 4 weeks on the low-B12 diet reduced plasma B12 by 58 % (from median 1323 (range 602–1791) to 562 (range 267–865) pmol/l, n 27). After 2 weeks on a high-B12 diet (week 6 v. week 4), plasma B12 increased by 68 % (HO-B12) and 131 % (CN-B12). Total B12 in the tissues accumulated differently: HO-B12>CN-B12 (liver, spleen), HO-B12<CN-B12 (kidneys), and HO-B12≈CN-B12 (brain, heart). Notably, more than half of the administered CN-B12 remained in this form in the kidneys, whereas HO-B12 was largely converted to the bioactive ADO-B12. Only <10 % of the other cofactor, CH3-B12, were found in the tissues. In conclusion, dietary CN-B12 caused a higher increase in plasma and total kidney B12 but provided less than half of the active coenzymes in comparison to dietary HO-B12. These data argue that HO-B12 may provide a better tissue supply of B12 than CN-B12, thereby underscoring the lack of a direct relation between plasma B12 and tissue B12.

scholarly journals Comparative study of suture and cyanoacrylates in skin closure of rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Cilindro de Souza ◽  
Washington Luiz de Oliveira ◽  
Dario Fernando de Oliveira Santos Soares ◽  
Carlos Henrique Briglia ◽  
Paulo Roberto Athanázio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Skin Closure ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Rat Skin ◽  
Tissue Adhesives ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Foreign Substance ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethyl Cyanoacrylate

PURPOSE: To compare the biocompatibility of ethyl-cyanoacrylate (ECA) and octylcyanoacrylate (OCA) wound closures to sutures in rat skin. METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were subjected to three incisions which were closed using ECA, OCA or sutures . Rats were divided into four groups which received biopsies on the 3rd, 7th, 14th or 21st post-operative days. Necrosis, inflammation, dermatitis, infection, dehiscence, cicatricial enlargement and costs were examined; the histopathology evaluated was epithelialization, deep openings, foreign substance reaction, residues of synthesis material, fibrosis, inflammation, dehiscence and necrosis. RESULTS: The tissue adhesives presented the largest dehiscence levels, and ECA the lowest cost while the other measures were similar. Regarding histopathology, deep openings were more common with OCA and granulomas were most frequently obtained with ECA. The two tissue adhesives produces less inflammation than the inicial suture from post-operative day 7, while ECA and OCA cause similar inflammatory reactions. ECA did not differ significantly from OCA and sutures on other measures. CONCLUSION: ECA was well tolerated in this study and did not induce necrosis, allergic reactions or infections, presenting several advantages in relation to OCA and sutures, including lower costs and fewer complications.

Experimental Research of Decoloring Treatment on Vitamin B12 Wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1209-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Hang Shan ◽  
Peng Fei Fan ◽  
Yi Xing ◽  
Geng Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Factory

Two kinds of vitamin B12 waste water from a pharmaceutical factory were treated separately by methods of combining micro-electrolysis with physiochemical and O3 oxidation. Effects of the reaction conditions on the removal rate of color were investigated. Results showed that the color removal rate of vitamin B12 waste water, which was treated by combined micro-electrolysis and physiochemical treatment reached 71.25%, while the color removal rate of the other waste water which treated by O3 oxidation reached 68.80%. The decolorizing treatment of those different natures of vitamin B12 waste water effectively provides a useful reference for this kind of waste water.

scholarly journals Effect of single clove garlic on clinical symptoms of photoaging in wistar rats exposed with UV-B

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Nyoman Pratiwi Hapsari Dewi ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Dewi Ratnayanti ◽  
I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman Arijana ◽  
Ni Made Linawati
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptom ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: Photoaging is a premature aging that occurs on skin due to the ultraviolet light exposure that causes the emergence of clinical symptoms, one of which is wrinkle. One kind of material that can prevent photoaging is antioxidant. A single clove garlic has the highest antioxidant activity compared to the other materials. Aim: This research aimed at investigating the effectivity of single clove garlic in inhibiting the clinical symptom of photoaging. Method: This research was an experimental research, utilizing pre-post-test control group design. The used sample were 30 male wistar rats which were divided into 6 experimental groups. All groups were exposed to UV-B light with the amount of 840 mJ/cm2. Control group (P1) was only exposed to UV-B while the other groups were treated with placebo cream (P2), sunblock (P3), 5% garlic cream (P4), 10% garlic cream (P5) and 20% garlic cream (P6) respectively. The clinical symptom in the form of wrinkle was observed by using dermascope and the observations were categorized based on Glogau Scale. The statistical analysis utilized Wilcoxon and Kruskal Wallis test which was followed by Mann Whitney test. Result: The result of the research showed that there was significant difference on the apparent wrinkle on P1 group and P3, P5 and P6. Meanwhile the comparison between P1, P2 and P4 was not significant. Conclusion: The single clove garlic extract can prevent photoaging and has the similar protective effect for the skin as of sunblock.

scholarly journals Effect of static magnetic field on experimental dermal wound strength

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (02) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Ekici ◽  
Cem Aydogan ◽  
Cenk Balcik ◽  
Nihan Haberal ◽  
Mahir Kirnap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Static Magnetic Fields ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dermal Wound

ABSTRACT Context: An animal model. Aim: We sought to evaluate the effect of static magnetic fields on cutaneous wound healing. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were used. Wounds were created on the backs of all rats. Forty of these animals (M group) had NeFeB magnets placed in contact with the incisions, either parallel (Pa) and perpendicular (Pr) to the incision. The other 40 animals (sham [S] group) had nonmagnetized NeFeB bars placed in the same directions as the implanted animals. Half of the animals in each group were killed and assessed for healing on postoperative day 7 and the other half on postoperative day 14. The following assessments were done: gross healing, mechanical strength, and histopathology. Statistical Analysis Used: Intergroup differences were compared by using the Mann-Whitney U or t test. Values for P less than 0.05 were accepted as significant. Results and Conclusions: There were no differences between the magnetic and sham animals with respect to gross healing parameters. The mechanical strength was different between groups. On postoperative day 14, the MPr14 had significantly higher scores than the other groups. When static, high-power, magnetic fields are placed perpendicular to the wound, increased wound healing occurs in the skin of the experimental model.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CHRONIC RENAL DYSFUNCTION ON THE PERMEABILITY OF THE COLON TO WATER AND ELECTROLYTES: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elionai Gomes FREIRE ◽  
José Cirlânio Sousa ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
Israel Pinto LEAL ◽  
Nayara Alves SOUSA ◽  
José Ronaldo Vasconcelos da GRAÇA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Progression Of Renal Failure ◽  
Colonic Secretion ◽  
Secretory Capacity

ABSTRACT Background: Renal insufficiency is a disease that affects several organs by provoking hypervolemia and uremia. The disease reaches more than 500 million people worldwide and few studies bring their influence on the gastrointestinal tract. Aim: To evaluate the influence of 5/6 nephrectomy-induced hypervolemia on colonic permeability to water and electrolytes. Method: Sixty male Wistar rats weighing between 280-300 g were divided into three groups: 3, 7 and 14 days after nephrectomy, each one having a false-operated/control and partially nephrectomized. For colonic permeability they were submitted to colonic perfusion with a solution of Tyroad containing phenolphthalein. Differences among the concentrations of Na+, K+ and Cl- were used to calculate the rate of colonic permeability for the electrolytes. Phenolphthalein concentrations were used to evaluate the rate of secretion and water absorption. Results: The colonic secretion of water and electrolytes occurred expressively in the group seven days after nephrectomy. Hemodynamic and biochemical assessments determined the progression of renal failure in all three groups and polyethylene glycol was shown to be effective in reversing the secretory capacity of the colon. Conclusion: Hypervolemia established after 7 days post-nephrectomy 5/6 caused marked colonic secretion for water and electrolytes. The organism presents progressive colonic secretion as the blood volume increases; on the other hand, polyethylene glycol was able to revert this secretory framework of the colon to water and electrolytes by reversing the hypervolemia.

scholarly journals Comparison of Malated Ringer’s with Two Other Balanced Crystalloid Solutions in Resuscitation of Both Severe and Moderate Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Keitel ◽  
Bjoern Hussmann ◽  
Sven Lendemans ◽  
Herbert de Groot ◽  
Ricarda Rohrig
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Preclinical Treatment ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Crystalloid Solutions ◽  
Balanced Crystalloid

In preclinical treatment of polytraumatized patients crystalloids are preferentially used. To avoid metabolic acidosis, metabolizable anions like lactate or acetate are used to replace chloride in these solutions. We here studied the effects of malated Ringer’s in resuscitation of both shock severities in comparison to lactated and acetated Ringer’s. Male Wistar rats underwent severe (mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of 25–30 mmHg) or moderate (MAP 40–45 mmHg) hemorrhagic shock. Adjacent to the shock period animals were resuscitated with acetated (AR), lactated (LR), or malated Ringer’s (MR) and observed for 150 min. MR improved survival compared with LR and AR in severe hemorrhagic shock whereas it was equally effective to LR and superior to AR in moderate hemorrhagic shock. In all other parameters tested, MR was also effective similar to the other solutions under these conditions. We conclude that MR is preferable to AR and LR in resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock independent of shock depth. The positive effects of MR may stem from the absence of any adverse impact on energy metabolism under both conditions.

Cyproheptadine prevents pergolide-induced valvulopathy in rats: an echocardiographic and histopathological study

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (6) ◽  
pp. H1940-H1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Droogmans ◽  
Bram Roosens ◽  
Bernard Cosyns ◽  
Céline Degaillier ◽  
Sophie Hernot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Mitral Valves ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Serotonergic Drugs

Serotonergic drugs, such as pergolide, have been associated with the development of cardiac valvular myxoid thickening and regurgitation in humans and more recently in rats. These effects are potentially mediated by the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2B receptor (5-HT2BR). Therefore, we sought to determine whether cyproheptadine, a 5-HT2BR antagonist, might prevent toxic valvulopathy in an animal model of pergolide-induced valvular heart disease. For this purpose, 50 male Wistar rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of pergolide (0.5 mg/kg, n = 14), pergolide (0.5 mg/kg) combined with cyproheptadine (10 mg/kg, n = 12), cyproheptadine (10 mg/kg, n = 12), or no injections (control, n = 12) for 20 wk. Echocardiography was performed blindly at baseline and at 10 and 20 wk followed by pathology. At baseline, no differences between groups were found with echocardiography. At 20 wk, aortic regurgitation was present in all pergolide-treated animals, whereas it was less frequently observed in the other groups ( P < 0.0001). For the other valves, this difference was less pronounced. On histopathology, not only aortic but also mitral valves were thicker, myxoid, and exhibited more 5-HT2BR-positive cells in pergolide-treated animals compared with the other groups. Moreover, regurgitant aortic and mitral valves were thicker than nonregurgitant aortic and mitral valves. In conclusion, we found that cyproheptadine prevented pergolide-induced valvulopathy in rats, which was associated with a reduced number of 5-HT2BR-positive valvular cells. This may have important clinical implications for the prevention of serotonergic drug-induced valvular heart disease.

The B-vitamin group and the activity of hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidases of the growing Wistar rat

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Miltenberger ◽  
U. Oltersdorf
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Microsomal Enzymes ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidases ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
B Vitamin ◽  
Hepatic Microsomal Enzymes

1. Male Wistar rats were given isoenergetic, semi-synthetic diets deficient in thiamin, riboflavin, pyrid-oxine or all the B-vitamins.2. In rats given these deficient diets the ‘sleeping time’ induced with pentobarbital (PB) and the ‘paralysis time’ with zoxazolamine (Zz) were prolonged.3. The tolerance effect against both drugs was nearly independent of the levels of B-vitamins in the diets.4. In preparations from vitamin-B deficient animals the activities of the following hepatic microsomal enzymes were reduced: the aliphatic hydroxylase of PB, the aromatic hydroxylases of aniline (EC 1.14.14.1) and of Zz, the N-demethylase of aminopyrine, the UDP glucuronyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.17) of p-nitrophenol. The reactions most influenced were those of ‘type-1’ substrates, particularly those involving the hydroxylases.5. The effects observed were caused mainly by deficiency of riboflavin and to a lesser extent of thiamin or pyridoxine.

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