scholarly journals Effect of high-fat diet on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and adipose tissue in early stages of diet-induced weight gain

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 1359-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake E. Lowry ◽  
Batbayar Tumurbaatar ◽  
Claudia D’Agostino ◽  
Erika Main ◽  
Traver J. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

AbstractSubcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) play a significant role in obesity-associated systemic low-grade inflammation. High-fat diet (HFD) is known to induce inflammatory changes in both scAT and PBMC. However, the time course of the effect of HFD on these systems is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the time course of the effect of HFD on PBMC and scAT. New Zealand white rabbits were fed HFD for 5 or 10 weeks (i.e. HFD-5 and HFD-10) or regular chow (i.e. control (CNT)-5 and CNT-10). Thereafter, metabolic and inflammatory parameters of PBMC and scAT were quantified. HFD induced hyperfattyacidaemia in HFD-5 and HFD-10 groups, with the development of insulin resistance in HFD-10, while no changes were observed in scAT lipid metabolism and inflammatory status. HFD activated the inflammatory pathways in PBMC of HFD-5 group and induced modified autophagy in that of HFD-10. The rate of fat oxidation in PBMC was directly associated with the expression of inflammatory markers and tended to inversely associate with autophagosome formation markers in PBMC. HFD affected systemic substrate metabolism, and the metabolic, inflammatory and autophagy pathways in PBMC in the absence of metabolic and inflammatory changes in scAT. Dietary approaches or interventions to avert HFD-induced changes in PBMC could be essential to prevent metabolic and inflammatory complications of obesity and promote healthier living.

scholarly journals Effects of cold exposure revealed by global transcriptomic analysis in ferret peripheral blood mononuclear cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bàrbara Reynés ◽  
Evert M. van Schothorst ◽  
Jaap Keijer ◽  
Andreu Palou ◽  
Paula Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Cycle Gene ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

AbstractAnimal studies, mostly performed in rodents, show the beneficial anti-obesity effects of cold studies. This is due to thermogenic activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT), a tissue also recently discovered in adult humans. Studies in humans, however, are hampered by the accessibility of most tissues. In contrast, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are accessible and share the expression profile of different sets of genes with other tissues, including those that reflect metabolic responses. Ferrets are an animal model physiologically closer to humans than rodents. Here, we investigated the effects on ferrets of one-week acclimation to 4 °C by analysing the PBMC transcriptome. Cold exposure deeply affected PBMC gene expression, producing a widespread down-regulation of genes involved in different biological pathways (cell cycle, gene expression regulation/protein synthesis, immune response, signal transduction, and genes related to extracellular matrix/cytoskeleton), while thermogenic and glycogenolysis-related processes were increased. Results obtained in PBMC reflected those of adipose tissue, but hardly those of the liver. Our study, using ferret as a model, reinforce PBMC usefulness as sentinel biological material for cold-exposure studies in order to deepen our understanding of the general and specific pathways affected by cold acclimation. This is relevant for future development of therapies to be used clinically.

scholarly journals Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Metabolism Acutely Adapted to Postprandial Transition and Mainly Reflected Metabolic Adipose Tissue Adaptations to a High-Fat Diet in Minipigs

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchun Zeng ◽  
Jérémie David ◽  
Didier Rémond ◽  
Dominique Dardevet ◽  
Isabelle Savary-Auzeloux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
First Time

Although peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are widely used as a valuable tool able to provide biomarkers of health and diseases, little is known about PBMC functional (biochemistry-based) metabolism, particularly following short-term nutritional challenges. In the present study, the metabolic capacity of minipig PBMCs to respond to nutritional challenges was explored at the biochemical and molecular levels. The changes observed in enzyme activities following a control test meal revealed that PBMC metabolism is highly reactive to the arrival of nutrients and hormones in the circulation. The consumption, for the first time, of a high fat–high sucrose (HFHS) meal delayed or sharply reduced most of the observed postprandial metabolic features. In a second experiment, minipigs were subjected to two-month HFHS feeding. The time-course follow-up of metabolic changes in PBMCs showed that most of the adaptations to the new diet took place during the first week. By comparing metabolic (biochemical and molecular) PMBC profiles to those of the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue, we concluded that although PBMCs conserved common features with all of them, their response to the HFHS diet was closely related to that of the adipose tissue. As a whole, our results show that PBMC metabolism, particularly during short-term (postprandial) challenges, could be used to evaluate the whole-body metabolic status of an individual. This could be particularly interesting for early diagnosis of metabolic disease installation, when fasting clinical analyses fail to diagnose the path towards the pathology.

scholarly journals Impaired alternative macrophage differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from obese subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gael Bories ◽  
Robert Caiazzo ◽  
Bruno Derudas ◽  
Corinne Copin ◽  
Violeta Raverdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Visceral obesity is a chronic, low-grade inflammatory disease that predisposes people to the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. Adipose tissue is not a passive storehouse for fat, but an endocrine organ synthesizing and releasing a variety of bioactive molecules, some of which are produced by infiltrated immune-inflammatory cells including macrophages. Two different subpopulations of macrophages have been identified in adipose tissue: pro-inflammatory ‘classical’ M1 and anti-inflammatory ‘alternative’ M2 macrophages, and their ratio is suggested to influence the metabolic complications of obesity. These macrophages derive primarily from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We hypothesised that obesity and the metabolic syndrome modulate PBMC functions. Therefore, alteration of the monocyte response, and more specifically their ability to differentiate toward alternative anti-inflammatory macrophages, was assessed in PBMCs isolated from lean and obese subjects with or without alterations in glucose homeostasis. Our results indicate that PBMCs from obese subjects have an altered expression of M2 markers and that their monocytes are less susceptible to differentiate toward an alternative phenotype. Thus PBMCs in obesity are programmed, which may contribute to the inflammatory dysregulation and increased susceptibility to inflammatory diseases in these patients.

scholarly journals Time-Course Study of the Transcriptome of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from Sheep Infected with Fasciola hepatica

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0159194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian A. Alvarez Rojas ◽  
Jean-Pierre Scheerlinck ◽  
Brendan R. E. Ansell ◽  
Ross S. Hall ◽  
Robin B. Gasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Time Course Study

Gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells is affected by cold exposure

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (8) ◽  
pp. R824-R834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bàrbara Reynés ◽  
Estefanía García-Ruiz ◽  
Paula Oliver ◽  
Andreu Palou
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Retroperitoneal White Adipose Tissue

Because of the discovery of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in humans, there is increased interest in the study of induction of this thermogenic tissue as a basis to combat obesity and related complications. Cold exposure is one of the strongest stimuli able to activate BAT and to induce the appearance of brown-like (brite) adipocytes in white fat depots (browning process). We analyzed the potential of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to reflect BAT and retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) response to 1-wk cold acclimation (4°C) at different ages of rat development (1, 2, 4, and 6 mo). As expected, cold exposure increased fatty acid β-oxidation capacity in BAT and rWAT (increased Cpt1a expression), explaining increased circulating nonesterified free fatty acids and decreased adiposity. Cold exposure increased expression of the key thermogenic gene, Ucp1, in BAT and rWAT, but only in 1-mo-old animals. Additionally, other brown/brite markers were affected by cold during the whole developmental period studied in BAT. However, in rWAT, cold exposure increased studied markers mainly at early age. PBMCs did not express Ucp1, but expressed other brown/brite markers, which were cold regulated. Of particular interest, PBMCs reflected adipose tissue-increased Cpt1a mRNA expression in response to cold (in older animals) and browning induction occurring in rWAT of young animals (1 mo) characterized by increased Cidea expression and by the appearance of a high number of multilocular CIDE-A positive adipocytes. These results provide evidence pointing to PBMCs as an easily obtainable biological material to be considered to perform browning studies with minimum invasiveness.

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