Evaluational reactions to spoken French and English in Montreal: Does mother tongue really matter?

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke Laur
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Linguistic Group ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Methodological Difference ◽  
French And English

AbstractMontreal became famous in socio-psychological and sociohnguistic circles half a century ago, when a group of researchers—Lambert, Hodgson, Gardner, and Fil-lenbaum — invented a new methodology to measure speech evaluations indirectly. They came up with an innovative technique, called matched guise, which allows researchers to access subjects’ reactions without asking for their opinions directly or doing extensive field work. In 2004, another matched guise study of the evaluational reactions of Montrealers added new aspects to the original methodological design in order to test some of its limits. The fundamental methodological difference was to include members of different language groups in a representative sample of the population of Montreal so that multivariate analysis could determine the extent to which belonging to a specific linguistic group could actually account for reactions to spoken language. This analysis reveals that some earlier interpretations should be realigned.

Revivalistics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Promised Land ◽  
Language Revival ◽  
Revival Movements ◽  
Disciplinary Field ◽  
Multiple Causation ◽  
Cross Fertilization

This seminal book introduces revivalistics, a new trans-disciplinary field of enquiry surrounding language reclamation, revitalization and reinvigoration. The book is divided into two main parts that represent Zuckermann’s fascinating and multifaceted journey into language revival, from the ‘Promised Land’ (Israel) to the ‘Lucky Country’ (Australia) and beyond: PART 1: LANGUAGE REVIVAL AND CROSS-FERTILIZATION The aim of this part is to suggest that due to the ubiquitous multiple causation, the reclamation of a no-longer spoken language is unlikely without cross-fertilization from the revivalists’ mother tongue(s). Thus, one should expect revival efforts to result in a language with a hybridic genetic and typological character. The book highlights salient morphological, phonological, phonetic, syntactic, semantic and lexical features, illustrating the difficulty in determining a single source for the grammar of ‘Israeli’, the language resulting from the Hebrew revival. The European impact in these features is apparent inter alia in structure, semantics or productivity. PART 2: LANGUAGE REVIVAL AND WELLBEING The book then applies practical lessons (rather than clichés) from the critical analysis of the Hebrew reclamation to other revival movements globally, and goes on to describe the why and how of language revival. The how includes practical, nitty-gritty methods for reclaiming ‘sleeping beauties’ such as the Barngarla Aboriginal language of Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, e.g. using what Zuckermann calls talknology (talk+technology). The why includes ethical, aesthetic, and utilitarian reasons such as improving wellbeing and mental health.

Intonational differences between the reduplicative babbling of French- and English-learning infants

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Whalen ◽  
Andrea G. Levitt ◽  
Qi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
English Learning ◽  
Complex Contour ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
French And English ◽  
Target Languages ◽  
Perceptual Assessment ◽  
Language Environment

ABSTRACTThe two- and three-syllable reduplicative babbling of five French-learning and five English-learning infants (0;5 to 1; 1) was examined in two ways for intonational differences. The first measure was a categorization into one of five categories (RISING, FALLING, RISE-FALL, FALL-RISE, LEVEL) by expert listeners. The second was the fundamental frequency (F0) from the early, middle and late portion of each syllable. Both measures showed significant differences between the two language groups. 65% of the utterances from both groups were classified as either rising of falling. For the French children, these were divided equally into the rising and the falling categories, while 75% of those utterances for the English children were judged to have falling intonation. Proportions of the other three categories were not significantly different by language environment. In both languages, though, three-syllable utterances were more likely to have a complex contour than two-syllable ones. Analysis of the F0patterns confirmed the perceptual assessment. Several aspects of the target languages help explain these intonational differences in prelinguistic babbling.

Some analogical methods of teaching English as a second foreign language

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Vincent Mirabile
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Second Languages ◽  
French And English ◽  
The University

Abstract To teach English as a second foreign language at university levels provides the educator or professor an excellent occasion to compare the first and second languages by a series of analogical activities that not only highlight the similar forms and structures of them, but more important still, oblige students to comprehend these forms and structures without having either to rely on or depend upon their mother tongue or apprehend them through the prism of their own. In this article are compared Turkish, French and Chinese forms and structures with English through sets of analogical activities that I prepared and applied in classrooms with my Russian students studying the aforesaid languages at the University of Academgorodok near Novosibirsk in Siberia. It was my methodical experiment to bring together English/Turkish, English/French and English/Chinese as interrelated objects of study; to put into relief the interpenetrating analogical elements that these languages possess as a pedagogical approach to them in spite of their very different language families and distinctive structural and morphological features.

scholarly journals Developmental perspectives on the expression of motion in speech and gesture

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Hickmann ◽  
Henriette Hendriks ◽  
Marianne Gullberg
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
First Language ◽  
First Language Acquisition ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
French And English ◽  
Gesture Studies ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Do So

Recent research shows that adult speakers of verb- vs. satellite-framed languages (Talmy, 2000) express motion events in language-specific ways in speech (Slobin 1996, 2004) and co-verbal gestures (Duncan 2005; Kita & Özyurek 2003; McNeill 1992). Although such findings suggest cross-linguistic differences in the expression of events, little is still known about their implications for first language acquisition. This paper examines how French and English adults and children (ages four and six) express Path and Manner in speech and gesture when describing voluntary motion presented in animated cartoons. The results show that English adults conflate Manner+Path in speech more often than French adults who frequently talk about Path only. Both groups gesture mainly about Path only, but English adults also conflate Manner+Path into single gestures, whereas French adults never do so. Children in both languages are predominantly adult-like in speech and gesture from age four on, but also display developmental progressions with increasing age. Finally, speech and gestures are predominantly co-expressive in both language groups and at all ages. When modalities differ, English adults typically provide less information in gesture (Path) than in speech (Manner+Path; ‘Manner modulation’ phenomenon), whereas French adults express complementary information in speech (Manner) and gesture (Path). The discussion highlights theoretical implications of such bi-modal analyses for acquisition and gesture studies

Brunel mood scale: South African norm study

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H Van Wijk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
South African ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Self Report ◽  
African Languages ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
African Health ◽  
Health Care Context ◽  
Mood Scale

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) has proved useful to assess mood states in a range of clinical settings. Its local utility is restricted by the lack of normative data from South Africa. This paper presents preliminary normative data for the use of the BRUMS in the South African health care setting. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Method:</strong> Participants (N=2200), ranging from 18 to 59 years, employed in the public sector, and were recruited during routine occupational health surveillance, completed the 24-item self-report BRUMS. They came from all South African race and language groups, and from all nine provinces. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Significant differences were found between the scores of women and men, and their results are reported separately. Due to the language dependant nature of the BRUMS, results are also reported separately for respondents with English as first language, and those who have other South African languages as mother tongue. Norm tables with T-scores are presented for the full sample, and per gender X language groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study presents normative data for a sample of educated and employed South Africans from various backgrounds. Its brevity, and provisionally language friendly nature makes it a useful measure for screening psychological distress in the SA clinical health care context.</p>

scholarly journals Water quality and fish diversity of Chengi river of Khagrachari district

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-353
Author(s):  
Gulshan Ara Latifa ◽  
Ahmad Kamruzzaman Majumder ◽  
Md Humayun Kabir ◽  
Arnab Chakma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Extensive Field

Chengi a major river of Khagrachari district is getting polluted day by day due to unplanned river management. Both primary and secondary data have been used to conduct this work. Primary data have been collected through extensive field work, questionnaire and sample collection. Water samples have been collected from three sampling station, namely Ganjapara, Chengi Bridge and Rubber factory sites. Water temperature is higher at different sampling stations in the study site than Bangladesh standards (25°C) due to the direct hit of the sun. The maximum DO value is 5.8 mg/l at the sampling station one and the minimum is 5.3 mg/l at station three. So, it concluded that the DO value of the Chengi river is comparatively lower than the Bangladesh Standards. The water Temperature and pH is higher than the Bangladesh standards and the value of other parameters are very lower than the Bangladesh standards. In fish diversity, 10 families belonging to 6 orders were recorded and identified by the fin formula. The order Cypriniformes occupied 40%, the order Perciformes which occupies 25% and the order Beloniformes, Siluriformes, Cyprinodontiformes occupied 10% and Mollusks and other invertebrates occupied 25%, respectively in all cases. This work provides a complete picture of the water quality and also the fish diversity of the Chengi River. It will be helpful for water resource management and planning. Bangladesh J. Zool. 47(2): 343-353, 2019

Multivariate analysis of oral hygiene data from a representative sample*

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 891-894
Author(s):  
Burkhard H. Wolf ◽  
Christian Rieger ◽  
Klaus W. Boening ◽  
Michael H. Walter
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Representative Sample

Technical and Vocational Education in Kuwait

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Salah Al-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Business Studies ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
To Come ◽  
College Of Business ◽  
Applied Education ◽  
And Training ◽  
General Director

This paper is based on a study designed to evaluate industry's perception of the standard of graduates from Kuwait's Public Authority for Applied Education and Training (PAAE&T). The College of Technological Studies, the College of Business Studies, and the Electricity and Water Training Centre were selected as representative institutions of the PAAE&T. The oil sector, the Ministry of Electricity and Water, and local commercial and industrial banks were chosen as representative of the recipients of PAAE&T graduates. The study was based on extensive field work which encompassed a review of related literature, questionnaires and personal interviews with the General Director of the PAAE&T, selected deans, heads of departments, heads of industrial placement, lecturers, and final-year students. In addition, to evaluate the industrial perspective, questionnaires and personal interviews with key figures in industry, as well as with PAAE&T graduates and their direct supervisors, were conducted. The paper argues that unless the PAAE&T recognizes the value of building strong links with industry, its contribution in tackling the shortage of skilled and semi-skilled Kuwaiti manpower will be below expectations, thus increasing dependence on expatriate workers for years to come.

scholarly journals Field work in central west Disko, 1979

1980 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
A.K Pedersen ◽  
F Ulff-Møller
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The West ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Geological Map

Field work in the summer 1979 was concentrated in the area between 69°45'N and 70°00'N from the west coast into central Disko (fig. 15). Transport facilities were provided by the GGU cutter J. F. Johnstrup and by a helicopter. Two field teams led by A.K.P. and F.U.-M. completed extensive field investigations which together with work reported by Pedersen (1977) and Ulff-Møller (1979) will enable a final photogrammetric compilation af the geological map sheet 69 V. 1 N to be made. A.K.P. studied the Vaigat Formation and the Nordfjord and Niaqussat members of the Maligât Formation. F.U.-M. studied the Rinks Dal member of the Maligât Formation and dyke intrusions with native iran bearing rocks contaminated by sediment.

A review of Sedum section Gormania (Crassulaceae) in western North America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 368 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER F. ZIKA ◽  
BARBARA L. WILSON ◽  
RICHARD E. BRAINERD ◽  
NICK OTTING ◽  
STEVEN DARINGTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Field Work ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
Floral Characters

Sedum section Gormania was restricted to Oregon, Nevada and California in the western United States. After extensive field work from 2011 to 2016, we revised 17 members of the group using floral and vegetative characters, resulting in the acceptance of four new taxa in California. A serpentine endemic from the mountains of western Tehama County was recognized as S. rubiginosum. It was separated from S. kiersteadiae by its dense rosettes, overlapping stem leaves and non-apiculate corolla. A serpentine endemic from low elevation canyons in Del Norte County was described as S. patens. It was distinguished from S. laxum by its white spreading petals and yellow anthers. A plant of high elevation, serpentine and non-serpentine sites in Siskiyou County was circumscribed as S. marmorense; it differed from S. oregonense in its sepals and inflorescence with a thick granular waxy deposit, and leaves in dense rosettes. Sedum paradisum was segregated from S. obtusatum, raised to species level, and divided into two subspecies. Plants of the northern Sierra Nevada were newly defined as S. paradisum subsp. subroseum, separable with nodding young flowering shoots and a disjunct range in Butte, Plumas and Sierra counties. Sedum flavidum and Sedum eastwoodiae were removed from S. laxum sensu stricto, and raised to species rank, based on floral characters. We clarified the concept of S. obtusatum subsp. retusum, and restored it to the rank of species as S. sanhedrinum; it was restricted to Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, and Tehama counties, California. Sedum flavidum and S. oregonense as defined here showed more morphological variation than previously understood. Finally, we remarked on hybridization and cleistogamy observed in the field.

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