Variability Studies and Breeding for Increased Oil Content in Rapeseed and Mustard

1979 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
A. N. Asthana ◽  
S. D. Dube ◽  
P. N. Tiwari ◽  
P. N. Gambhir ◽  
T. S. Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Maximum Increment ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

SUMMARYOil content (percentage) was determined by pulsed nuclear magnetic spectrometry to study its variability in rai (Brassica juncea) and yellow sarson (B. campestris). Wide inter-varietal and intra-varietal variability was observed in both crops. Genetic aspects of oil content were also worked out, and single-plant and bulk selection methods used for 3 years to exploit the intra-varietal variability. A positive trend in the improvement of oil percentage was observed in 27 out of 30 varieties, some of which showed significant improvements over their respective unselected stocks. A maximum increment of 7% was observed in variety BR 40 of rai and 6% in variety YSM of yellow sarson.

Oil content of cotton seed in Northern Nigeria: 1. Assessment of nuclear magnetic resonance for the determination of the oil percentage of cotton seed

1977 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Smithson ◽  
H. E. Gridley
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Conventional Solvent Extraction ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

SUMMARYThe oil content of a number of introduced and local varieties was determined using three nuclear magnetic resonance oil analysers at different centres and compared with results from conventional solvent extraction. Differences were evident between the three centres and between the techniques but in both cases the rankings were similar.

scholarly journals Whole, Unmilled Olives Can Be Used to Determine their Oil Content by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen del Río ◽  
Ana M Romero
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Comparative Trials ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Several experiments showed that whole, unmilled olives (Olea europaea L.) could be dehydrated in 42 hours in a forced-air oven at 105 °C (221 °F), so that they could be used in determining their oil content in a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyzer. After confirming that the NMR and the official Soxhlet methods estimate the same oil percentages in milled olives, linear regression analysis also showed that NMR provides the same oil percentage results with milled and unmilled fruit. This new method avoids sample manipulation before dehydrating the fruit, making it possible to work with olive samples weighing as little as 70 g (2.47 oz). It allows for processing a large number of samples in a short period of time and may be also used with unmilled fruit flesh. The method is also very useful for screening genotypes, either from germplasm banks or progenies from olive breeding programs, and for evaluating cultivars in comparative trials.

scholarly journals Comparison and Application of Non-Destructive NIR Evaluations of Seed Protein and Oil Content in Soybean Breeding

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Liang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Single Plant ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Soybean Breeding ◽  
Plant Breeding Program ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Non Destructive

A plant breeding program needs to evaluate a large number of materials for different traits within a limited time. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been used to quickly determine seed composition in various crop species. In this study, we compared whole-seed evaluations of protein and oil content by NIR methods in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and then discussed the application to plant breeding. The differences among the entries tested were highly significant in both traits for each method used. No significant difference but high correlation and consistency existed between DA 7250 and wet-chemistry methods. Compared with DA 7250, ZX-50 exhibited, to some extent, differences or errors. The differences of ZX-50 methods were found to be correlated with seed sizes and could be corrected using regression equations formulated for bias calculation. After correction, the differences in the predictions between DA 7250 and ZX-50 methods were insignificant. Similar to DA 7250, ZX-50 methods exhibited a high repeatability (> 98%) of the predictions. By validation with 760 bulk samples of different seed types and 240 single-plant samples, it further demonstrated that as a non-destructive, fast and cost-efficient method, ZX-50 NIR analysis with an appropriate bias correction could be used in soybean breeding, specifically suitable for single plant selection based on whole seeds.

The potential of mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Coss) as an edible oil crop on the Canadian Prairies

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Woods ◽  
J. J. Capcara ◽  
R. K. Downey
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Oil Crop

The performance of mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Coss) was compared with that of canola (B. napus L. and B. rapa L.) on the western prairies. Mustard had a higher yield and protein content and was intermediate in maturity. Improvement in oil content will probably be required. Key words: Mustard, Brassica juncea, edible oil crop

Oil content of cotton seed in Northern Nigeria: 2. varietal and environmental variation

1977 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Gridley ◽  
J. B. Smithson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Small Interactions ◽  
Insect Attack

SUMMARYDifferences between sites accounted for a large proportion of the variation in the oil percentage of cotton seed from variety and agronomic trials conducted in Northern Nigeria but were not consistent between seasons. Reduced oil percentages from the drier areas of the north and from later sowings suggested that length of season is an important factor but insect attack and differences in the amounts of nitrogen, potash and boron applied to the soil also contributed to the variation. Application of insecticide, potash and boron increased and nitrogen decreased oil percentages. The latter effect usually resulted from an increase in seed size without a corresponding increase in oil content. The variation in the oil percentages of commercial varieties derived from the same Nigerian Allen stock and the relatively small interactions between varieties and environments suggested that this character might be improved by selection.

Water requirements of avocado in Israel. II.* Influence on yield, fruit growth and oil content

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Lahav ◽  
D Kalmar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Oil Percentage ◽  
Annual Water

The effect of four different irrigation intervals, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, on the avocado tree was tested during the years 1968–1974 in the northern coastal plain of Israel. The respective average annual water applications were 8890, 7450, 6680 and 5940 m3/ha. The cultivars Ettinger, Fuerte and Hass were tested in five replications in randomized blocks. After 6 years no significant reduction in yield was observed with Ettinger or Fuerte trees irrigated once in 21 or 28 days. With the Hass cultivar the 28-day interval gave lower yields than with the three other intervals tested. Shortening of irrigation intervals increased the growth rate and size of individual fruits, which may be of economic importance for cv. Hass, where overproduction leads to small fruits unsuitable for export. Shortening of irrigation intervals tended to increase the oil percentage of the fruit, which may advance the harvest date. In view of the equal yields obtained and the predominance of cv. Hass in avocado plantations, it was concluded that the 21-day interval was the optimum irrigation frequency under the experimental conditions. __________________ *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 28: 859 (1977).

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