Agricultural Systems Research for Developing Countries. Edited by J. V. Remenyi. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (1985), pp. 189, paperback, $A14 in developed countries (postage included), free in developing countries.

1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-228
Author(s):  
N. W. Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Systems Research

scholarly journals USE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITES: A REVIEW

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Getachew Bekele Fereja
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Biotechnology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Small Scale

A major benefit of agricultural research and technology is that the purchasing power of the poor increases, because both average incomes and access to staple food products are improved. The use of biotechnology will lead to a distinct shift in the economic returns from livestock. Livestock production currently accounts for about 43% of the gross value of agricultural production. In developed countries livestock accounts for more than half of agricultural production, while in developing countries the share is about one-third. This latter share, however, is rising quickly because of rapid increases in livestock production resulting from population growth, urbanization, changes in lifestyles and dietary habits and increasing disposable incomes. Therefore the objective of this review paper was to investigate the use of biotechnology in animal production and productivities. Biotechnology is regarded as a means to the rapid increase in agricultural production through addressing the production constraints of small-scale or resource-poor farmers who contribute more than 70% of the food produced in developing countries. Agricultural biotechnology as the solution to the problem of global food insecurity has also been reviewed by Soetan. Agricultural biotechnology has the potential to address some of the problems of developing countries like food insecurity, unfavorable environmental and climatic conditions etc mentioned above and also improve agricultural productivity.

International Networks and Their Potential Contribution to Crop and Soil Management Research

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Greenland ◽  
E. T. Craswell ◽  
M. Dagg
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Research Networks ◽  
International Networks

Agricultural research networks are playing a key role in the coordination of international efforts to develop improved technologies for food production by farmers in developing countries. This paper reviews the role of these networks in making possible the evaluation, adaptation, and extrapolation of crop and soil management studies, and so improving the efficiency of much agronomic and soil research. The advantages which may be gained by national agricultural systems from participation in international networks are described, as well as problems.

Farming Systems Research: Clarification of Terms and Concepts

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Merrill Sands
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
General Term ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Donor Support ◽  
Farming Systems Research

SUMMARYFarming Systems Research (FSR) has emerged as a major theme in international agricultural research in the past decade. However, despite widespread use of the term, its meaning and the types of research objectives, approaches, activities and methods to which it applies remain ambiguous. The lack of precision in concepts and terms will discredit FSR and jeopardize donor support. This paper seeks to clarify and define the major types of research approaches and activities encompassed by the general term FSR. Six types of research are distinguished and a new, more precise terminology is proposed.

scholarly journals Michael Denis Gale. 25 August 1943—18 July 2009

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 203-223
Author(s):  
Richard B. Flavell ◽  
John W. Snape
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Genetics ◽  
Chromosome Segments

Michael (Mike) Gale was an internationally well-known crop geneticist with a career devoted mostly to wheat genetics. However, he also studied rice, maize, pearl millet and fox millet for the benefit of agriculture in developing countries. He brought new knowledge and techniques into plant breeding that made a difference to crop improvement worldwide. Noteworthy is his team's leadership in (i) defining the genetic basis of dwarfism in wheat, the major genetic innovation underlying the previously achieved ‘green revolution’ in wheat production; (ii) expanding knowledge of ‘pre-harvest sprouting’, which occurs in many wheat varieties growing in temperate climates, which reduces their flour quality and value; (iii) developing the first comprehensive genetic maps of wheat based on isozymic and DNA-based molecular markers; and (iv) developing the comparative genetics of grasses based on the conserved order of genes on chromosome segments, consistent with the evolution of the species from a common ancestor. These discoveries had a major impact in plant genetics. His team also provided the worldwide cereal geneticists and breeding communities with technologies and genetic markers that accelerated the development of cereal genetics and facilitated more efficient plant breeding. He made major and influential contributions to international agricultural research, particularly targeted at developing countries, through his participation on international and national committees, including those of the Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research. His contribution helped to drive the international research agenda for crop genetics, plant breeding and plant science generally.

International Cooperation in the Domains of Agricultural Research and Information

2014 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Deva Eswara Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Access ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Growing Population ◽  
Consultative Group

This chapter stresses the importance of agricultural research and technology in feeding the growing population in developing countries. It underscores the role of research and information in advancing agricultural production and focuses on changing trends in international agricultural research and the role of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). The chapter describes international developments in providing open access to agricultural information and literature.

scholarly journals THE LIMITING FACTORS DETERMINING THE INTRODUCTION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 700d-700
Author(s):  
Jang R. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
The Third World

Commercial sources of biotechnology have enormously outweighted non-market sources (e.g. the International Agricultural Research Center) Thus it is most obvious that growing R&D costs and intensified internationa technology competition have financially disabled developing countries from access to the new technology. Furthermore, biotechnology is a typica interdisciplinary subject based on many different principles of newly developed life sciences such as biochemistry, physiology, microbiology and molecular biology, which limits number of personnel in developing countries who are capable of incorporating the new technological inovation o developed countries into their agricultural production system. The protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs) of which private firms in developed countries have intensified put another limiting factor in the international flow of biotechnology. Financial aid, technical assistance for personnel training and execution of self-restrained IPRs towards developing countries wil enable developed countries widen the potential market and contribute to sustainable development in the Third World.

Biotechnology and biosafety developments at the international agricultural research centres

1992 ◽  
Vol 99 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Richard L. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
Increase Food Production ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Research Centres

SynopsisAdvances in biotechnology are creating opportunities to increase food production in developing countries and reduce or eliminate the environmental problems associated with conventional farming practices. International agricultural research centres have used the techniques of modern molecular biology for more than a decade, mostly for tissue culture and the elimination of virus diseases in planting materials. As the centres expand their use of the new tools of biotechnology, the focus of their work is shifting. The centres are playing an even larger role in linking developing countries' scientists with colleagues in public and private sector institutions in the developed world. They are also using the new techniques to speed up the development of pest- and disease-resistant crop varieties. Whenever possible they are developing collaborative links with institutions that have the experience and infrastructure needed to carry out advanced molecular research, thus minimising the need for expensive, highly sophisticated in-house capabilities.

Emerging Nutrition Gaps in a World of Affluence - Micronutrient Intake and Status Globally

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Eggersdorfer ◽  
Paul Walter
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
New Science ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Micronutrient Intake

Nutrition is important for human health in all stages of life - from conception to old age. Today we know much more about the molecular basis of nutrition. Most importantly, we have learnt that micronutrients, among other factors, interact with genes, and new science is increasingly providing more tools to clarify this interrelation between health and nutrition. Sufficient intake of vitamins is essential to achieve maximum health benefit. It is well established that in developing countries, millions of people still suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. However, it is far less recognized that we face micronutrient insufficiencies also in developed countries.

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