International Networks and Their Potential Contribution to Crop and Soil Management Research

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Greenland ◽  
E. T. Craswell ◽  
M. Dagg
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Research Networks ◽  
International Networks

Agricultural research networks are playing a key role in the coordination of international efforts to develop improved technologies for food production by farmers in developing countries. This paper reviews the role of these networks in making possible the evaluation, adaptation, and extrapolation of crop and soil management studies, and so improving the efficiency of much agronomic and soil research. The advantages which may be gained by national agricultural systems from participation in international networks are described, as well as problems.

Food security in the 21st century and in the role of biotechnology

foresight ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Pinstrup‐Andersen ◽  
Marc J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
The World ◽  
Productivity Gains ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Global Food

Although global food production has consistently kept pace with population growth, the gap between food production and demand in certain parts of the world is likely to remain. More than 800 million people in developing countries lack access to a minimally adequate diet. Continued productivity gains are essential on the supply side, because global population will increase by 73 million people a year over the next two decades. In this article we assess the current global food situation, look at the prospects through to the year 2020, and outline the policies needed to achieve food security for all. Emphasis is on the role that agricultural biotechnology might play in reaching this goal.

The life cycle of alternative agricultural research

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food System ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The Social

AbstractThe acceptance and utility of alternative agricultural research can be enhanced by better incorporating social sciences and issues and by broadening its scope to the entire food system rather than focusing only on food production. Researchers have made strong contributions in developing and evaluating alternative agricultural technologies, but research attention also is needed to articulate strategies for synthesizing those technologies into coherent strategies, to examine the social effects of different scenarios, and to create better decisionmaking processes for ensuring broad-based knowledgeable participation in the choices among alternative strategies. Research that addresses human needs beyond food and fiber will help build truly alternative and desirable agricultural systems.

Agricultural Research in Sri Lanka: An Historical Account

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Pain
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
International Research ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Local Research

An underlying premise of much of the comment on developing countries' agricultural research organizations and capabilities, has been that they are weak, and have been unsuccessful in generating new technologies and meeting farmers' needs. Indeed, one of the very justifications for the setting up of the series of international research institutes, such as the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) was that national research programmes were seen to lack sufficient strength and organization to be able to respond to the urgent needs of food production that were identified in the 1960s. It was argued that a primary role of the International Centres would be to support and develop such national research programmes both through training and the provision of new plant varieties and technologies, and that the building up of local research capability in developing countries would come only after the International Research Centres had developed and transferred the new technologies.

scholarly journals Some thoughts on the role of social sciences in the agricultural research centres in developing countries.

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
D.B.W.M. van Dusseldorp
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Research Centres

Agricultural research pays relatively little attention to the effects that the implementation of the research results will have on society. The posting of more social scientists at research stations is therefore advocated. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Technology for sustainability: the role of onsite, small and community scale technology

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Current Technology

An overview of available onsite, small and community scale wastewater treatment technology shows that it is diverse compared to current technology for centralised collection and treatment of wastewater. An analysis of the onsite, small and community scale technology for achieving sustainability shows that it more conducive to achieving sustainability than the centralised technology. It is likely, however, that its application is in remote and rural areas, where the technology should be improved and integrated with other technology sectors (energy, food production) for improved sustainability. Opportunities exist in new urban developments to achieve similar outcomes, but concerted efforts are required to demonstrate or showcase sustainability benefits in real situations. A huge potential also exists for the use of onsite, small and community scale technology in developing countries for achieving the same sustainability outcomes. It is likely to succeed if the technology is modified to be of lower cost but based on the same science, and that research, development and demonstrations in developed countries are shown to be successful.

A comparative analysis of agricultural research and extension reforms in China and India

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Chandra Babu ◽  
Jikun Huang ◽  
P. Venkatesh ◽  
Yumei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
China And India ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – There is growing interest from the global development community in the role of agricultural research and extension (AR & E) systems to achieve development targets. Despite this interest, many smallholders in developing countries continue to lack access to updated agricultural information and reliable services. In an effort to increase the effectiveness, impact, and reach of AR & E programs, many governments have attempted to reform their national systems. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This paper systematically compares the systems and reforms of AR & E in China and India in order to draw out lessons applicable to developing countries. This paper first reviews the existing literature on AR & E systems and their role in agricultural and economic development. The authors then provide a detailed review and comparative analysis of the reforms and approaches implemented in the AR & E systems of China and India. The authors apply this comparative analysis to draw out lessons that can be applied to inform the reformation of AR & E systems in developing countries. Findings – The authors find that although both countries face similar agricultural development challenges, each took a different approach in the reformation of AR & E to address these challenges. Each country’s approaches had different impacts on the effectiveness of the system. Lessons from the reformation of the AR & E systems in China and India can be used to inform and improve the impact of AR & E in developing countries. Originality/value – The paper examines two systems together using a set of common indicators and factors. The paper’s value comes from its usefulness in informing future AR & E reforms in other developing countries in order to increase the impact of these reforms on development outcomes.

International Cooperation in the Domains of Agricultural Research and Information

2014 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Deva Eswara Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Access ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
International Agricultural Research ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Growing Population ◽  
Consultative Group

This chapter stresses the importance of agricultural research and technology in feeding the growing population in developing countries. It underscores the role of research and information in advancing agricultural production and focuses on changing trends in international agricultural research and the role of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). The chapter describes international developments in providing open access to agricultural information and literature.

Strengthening partnerships with National Agricultural Systems for more effective livestock research

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Michael Smalley ◽  
Rob Eley ◽  
Sahr Lebbie
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Research Networks ◽  
Animal Agriculture ◽  
Collaborative Research Networks ◽  
Research Institute

The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) uses partnerships and collaborative arrangements to ensure that its limited human and financial resources for improving the productivity of animal agriculture are used to best effect. The most important partners for ILRI are national scientists in developing countries, but the capacity for livestock research in many such countries remains weak. ILRI has a programme (SPAN) designed to strengthen national and regional capacities for livestock research. This paper describes the activities and some of the achievements of collaborative research networks, training and information services and products that together make up SPAN; and which help to strengthen partnerships between national researchers in different countries, and between ILRI and national scientists. Examples are given to demonstrate the importance of ILRI's partnerships for effective livestock research.

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