RESPONSE OF MAIZE TO PHOSPHORUS FROM FERTILIZER AND CHICKEN MANURE IN A SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTH AFRICA

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. MATERECHERA ◽  
H. M. MORUTSE
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Maize Production

SUMMARYChicken manure is a potential source of plant available phosphorous (P) and this field study explored its use for dry land maize production in a soil with very low inherent P levels. The treatments consisted of applying 0, 20, 40 and 80 kg P ha−1each from chicken manure (2.3% P), inorganic fertilizer (single super phosphate, 10.5% P) and a combination of manure and fertilizer. The treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design over two crop seasons. The results revealed that maize growth and yield responded to the P from both manure and fertilizer compared to the control. There were significantly (p< 0.05) taller plants and yield (grain and biomass) in maize supplied with P than control. At each level of P application however, the response was higher for fertilizer than manure. The combination of manure and inorganic fertilizer produced results that were in the middle. There were strong indications that application of chicken manure was associated with increased lodging possibly due to the additional N in the manure, attack by stalk borer (Buseola fusca) and reduced seedling emergence. The application of chicken manure on the other hand led to increased pH and greater residual P content of the soil than fertilizer. It is concluded that chicken manure presents a viable option for supplying P to sustain maize crops in the smallholder farming sector of South Africa and its management warrants further investigation in view of the potential adverse impacts on soil and water resources that can accrue when large amounts are used for a long period.

scholarly journals Kajian Agronomi Potensi Pengembangan Tanaman Sorgum Varietas Numbu di Kabupaten Ende

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Murdaningsih Murdaningsih ◽  
Adrianus F G Uran
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sorghum Variety ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Sorghum is a cereal crop that has the potential to be developed on dry land as a food source, has the ability to adapt widely, and requires less agricultural inputs than other food crops. Ende Regency is an area that has a dry climate and is dominated by dry land agriculture, so it has the potential for the development of sorghum plants. The purpose of this study was to conduct an agronomic study of the development of Nambu sorghum variety with the application of chicken manure. The research was conducted using a randomized block design, with 5 treatments chicken manure doses, i.e. A0: 0 tons per ha (control), A1: 3.25 tons per ha, A2: 6.5 tons per ha, A3: 9.75 tons per ha, and A4: 13 tons per ha. The application of chicken manure of 13 tons per ha to sorghum plants resulted in growth and yield variables with the highest values, i.e., plant height 277.08 cm, leaf number 15.69 pieces, leaf area 8720.03 cm2, fresh stover weight base 354.69 g, dry stover weight 249.38 g, panicle length 20.54 g, panicle dry weight 24.63 g, number of seeds per panicle 1392.19 g, 1000 seeds weight 7.50 g. Keywords: Chicken manure, dry land, food, sorghum.   ABSTRAK Sorgum merupakan tanaman serealia yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan pada lahan kering sebagai sumber pangan, memiliki kemampuan beradaptasi secara luas, serta membutuhkan input pertanian relatif lebih sedikit dibandingkan tanaman pangan lainnya. Kabupaten Ende merupakan daerah yang beriklim kering dan dengan dominasi pertanian lahan kering, sehingga berpotensi untuk pengembangan tanaman sorgum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan kajian agronomis pengembangan tanaman sorgum varietas Nambu dengan aplikasi pupuk kandang ayam. Penelitan dilakukan dengan percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, dengan 5 perlakuan penggunaan pupuk kandang ayam, yakni A0: 0 ton per ha (kontrol), A1: 3,25 ton per ha, A2: 6,5 ton per ha, A3: 9,75 ton per ha, dan A4: 13 ton per ha. Aplikasi pupuk kandang ayam sebesar 13 ton per ha terhadap tanaman sorgum menghasilkan variabel-variabel pertumbuhan dan hasil dengan nilai-nilai tertinggi, yaitu tinggi tanaman 277,08 cm, jumlah daun 15,69 helai, luas daun 8720,03 cm2, bobot brangkasan basah 354,69 g, bobot brangkasan kering 249,38 g, panjang malai 20,54 g, bobot malai kering 24,63 g, jumlah biji per malai 1392,19 g, bobot 1000 biji 7,50 g. Kata Kunci: Lahan kering, pangan, pupuk kandang ayam, sorgum.

scholarly journals UJI ADAPTASI BEBERAPA VARIETAS SORGUM MANIS DI LAHAN KERING WILAYAH JAWA TENGAH DAN JAWA TIMUR

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Muji Rahayu ◽  
Samanhudi Samanhudi ◽  
Wartoyo Wartoyo
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

<p>The research was conducted from May to November 2011 at Central Java (Karanganyar District) and East Java (ngawi district) dry land. The research was used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and with two treatments, were: sweet sorghum varieties (Numbu dan Kawali) and the kind of manure (chicken, goat, cow, kascing and without manure). The data was analyzed with randomize analisys and Duncan test. The research showed that (a) Numbu and Kawali varieties were gave same respons to growth and yield component variables, so the both varieties can be planting at Central Java (Karanganyar District) and East Java (Ngawi District) dry land; (b) Chicken manure gave the best effect to sweet sorghum growth and yield compared with control, cow, goat, and kascing manure, consist of: plant height, leaf number, root length, root volume, 1000 seed weight, stem diameter, biomass fresh weight, and biomass dry weight, juice content, and sugar content.</p>

scholarly journals Dampak Bokashi Kotoran Ternak dalam Pengurangan Pemakaian Pupuk Anorganik pada Budidaya Tanaman Tomat

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darwin Habinsaran Pangaribuan ◽  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Novisha Kurnia Utami
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Horse Manure ◽  
Sheep Manure ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The objective of this research was to study the effect of bokashi livestock on the growth and yield of tomatoes. The experiment was conducted in Bandar Lampung from October 2009 until February 2010. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The treatments were: control; inorganic fertilizers at a recommended rate of (kg ha-1) 135 N, 75 P2O5, and 110 K2O (RR); chicken manure bokashi + RR; chicken manure bokashi + 50% RR; cow manure bokashi + RR; cow manure bokashi + 50% RR; sheep manure bokashi + RR; sheep manure bokashi + 50% RR; horse manure bokashi + RR; horse manure bokashi + 50% RR. Each bokashi treatment was applied at the rate of 20 ton ha-1. The result of experiment showed that chicken manure bokashi was the best among bokashi livestock. The application of 50% RR combined with chicken, cow, sheep or horse manure bokashi gave a higher yield than treatment with inorganic fertilizer at recommended rates. These results demostrated that the application of bokashi livestock could potentially reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers while maintaining higher yield. Keywords: animal manure, inorganic fertilizer, bokashi livestock, tomatoes

scholarly journals Effect of Application of Compost With Inorganic Fertilizer on Population of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria and Maize Yield in Dry Land

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
P Purwanto ◽  
Yulia Nuraini ◽  
Nurul Istiqomah
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
A Value ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
Total P

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of a combination of manure and inorganic fertilizer (NPK and Urea) on the population of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and the yield of maize. The study was carried out from June to October 2018 in the Kemantren Village, Alas Kulak Hamlet, Jabung District, Malang Regency. This study used a randomized block design consisting of 8 treatment levels and repeated three times. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the application of a combination of compost, fertilizer (NPK and Urea) gave significantly different results to the population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria C-organic, P-total, P-available, dry shelled weight and stover weight. The treatment of 2 t ha-1 compost + 100 kg ha-1 NPK + 50 kg gave the highest yield for the population of phosphate solubilizing bacteria with a value of 61×104 CFU.g-1. Maize production yields obtained treatment of 2 t ha-1 of compost + 400kg.ha-1NPK + 200 kg.ha-1 Urea reached a value of 8.65 t ha-1.

scholarly journals Nutrient Content (% Dry Matter) of Maize as Affected by Different Levels of Fertilizers in Asaba Area of Delta State

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Enujeke
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cattle Dung ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Variety ◽  
Different Levels

<p>This study was carried out in the Teaching and Research Farm of Delta State. University, Asaba campus (Nigeria) from March 2008 to June 2010 to evaluate the nutrient content (% dry matter) of maize as affected by different levels of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer. The experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three times in a factorial layout. Four different rates of poultry droppings, cattle dung and NPK 20: 10: 10 fertilizer were applied to three maize varieties sown at 75 cm x 15 cm spacing and the maize grains produced were evaluate for their nutrient content in percentage dry matter. The results obtained indicated that hybrid variety 9022-13 had the highest N, P and K contents (1.03, 1.68 and 0.26, respectively). Also, plants that received inorganic fertilizer had the highest values of 1.27% N, 1.64% P and 0.29% K. Based on rates of application, plants that received 450 kgha<sup>-1</sup> NPK 20: 10: 10 fertilizer had the highest values of 1.74% N, 1.71% P and 0.49% K. The interaction effects showed that only variety, manure type and rates % application were significant (P &lt; 0.05). Based on this study, it is recommended that (i) Hybrid variety, 9022-13, which was outstanding in its nutrient content be grown in the study area. Alternatively, farmers who prefer open-pollinated varieties could grow BR 9922-DMRSF<sup>2</sup> or Agbor local variety for people who prefer local varieties in maize production (ii) Spacing of 75 cm x 15 cm (88, 888 plants/ha) which resulted in better growth performance and yield should be adopted in maize production (iii) Farmers who prefer mineral fertilizer for increased growth and yield of maize should apply 450 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> of NPK 20: 10: 10 (iv) Farmers who practice organic agriculture in Asaba agro-ecological zone should apply 30 tha<sup>-1</sup> of poultry manure to enhance maize yield.</p>

scholarly journals Branch prunning and chicken manure application to improve growth and yield of brocolli in lowland area

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Okti Herliana ◽  
Yugi R Ahadiyat
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Head Weight ◽  
Lowland Area

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of branch pruning and chicken manure application on improving the growth and yield of broccoli in the lowland. The research was conducted in the dry land of Kutasari Village, Baturraden District, Banyumas Regency at 138 m above sea level. The research was arranged in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications consisting of two factors of chicken manure application (without chicken manure and with chicken manure at doses of 10 ton.ha-1 and 20 ton.ha-1) and branch pruning (without and with branch pruning of 25% and 50%). The pruning was performed when the plants initiated flowers. The observed data were analyzed with the F test and followed with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a P>0.05. The branch pruning resulted in a significant effect on the number of leaves, leaf width, head weight, and head diameter. Meanwhile, the chicken manure application showed a significant effect on all of the observed variables. There was an interaction effect of branch pruning and chicken manure application on the leaf width, head weight, and head diameter. The best result was obtained by the combined treatment of 50% branch pruning and 20 ton.ha-1 chicken manure, resulting in the head weight of 1048.33 g.plant-1 and leaf width of 1705.41 cm2.

scholarly journals Peran Pupuk Organik dalam Peningkatan Efisiensi Pupuk Anorganik pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Totong Siwanto ◽  
Sugiyanta , ◽  
Maya Melati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT<br />Application of organic fertilizer into the soil is designated as a source of macro, micro nutrients and organic acids; it also acts as soil ameliorant that improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Application of high rates organic fertilizer has a constraint namely the availability and ease of application. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the use of organic fertilizer with low rates to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of paddy rice, as well as the efficiency of N, P, K inorganic fertilizer. Field experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Research Station, University Farm IPB, Bogor, West Java from September to December 2013. The experiment used Randomized Block Design consisted of two factors: rates of organic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1), and rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1). The results suggested that the application of 1,000 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 did not show significant interaction. Application of organic fertilizer alone up to 1,000 kg ha-1 resulted in low growth and yield. Increasing rates of  application up to 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 increased the growth and yield of paddy rice. The highest N efficiency was 89.19% at a rate of 500 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 200 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1, whereas the highest efficiency of P and K, respectively were 69.55% and 92.52% at a rate of 750 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 300 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1.<br />Keywords: NPK, organic fertilizer, paddy rice

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Chicken Manure Effect on Corn Growth and Yield in Double Row Cropping Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Suprijono ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Cropping Patterns

Corn (Zea mays L.) is a common food and feed product in the community since it is commonly used as rice substitution as food staple. Fertilizer application is required to attain crop high yields. Plants can receive nutrients from synthetic nitrogen fertilizers (NF) during their growth cycle. However, excessive use of NF might harm the environment. Organic chicken manure (CM), on the other hand, can minimize the harmful impact of NF. Chicken manure benefits to improve the soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. To boost maize plant growth and productivity, might employ CM and NF. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of NF and CM on corn growth and yield. This research was conducted in Kembang Seri, Central Bengkulu, Indonesia from November 2019 to February 2020 using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was NF doses (100, 125, and 150 %), and the second-factor consisted of CM doses (0, 10, and 20 tons/ha). Data were analyzed using ANOVA F-5%. On shoot dry weight of corn cultivated in a double row cropping pattern, there was an interaction between the dose of N and chicken manure. At 0 tons/ha, the optimum N fertilizer dose for chicken manure is 135.96 %, or 407.86 kg urea/ha. At a dose of 20 tons/ha, the optimum N fertilizer dose for chicken manure is 141.22 %, or 423.65 kg urea/ha. In a double row cropping pattern, different nitrogen fertilizer doses had no effect on corn growth and yield. The optimal dose of chicken manure was 16.65 tons/ha for plant height, 17.35 tons/ha for stem diameter, 18.89 tons/ha for leaf greenness, 17.35 tons/ha for cob length, 15.01 tons/ha for cob weight, 18.87 tons/ha for dry seed weight/plant, and 19.74 tons/ha for dry seed weight/plot.

scholarly journals Optimasi Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam dan NPK pada Budidaya Kubis Bunga (Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Irpan Gunawan ◽  
Atak Tauhid ◽  
Isna Tustiyani
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

<p><em>Cauliflower is one of the vegetables for consumers. The demand for cauliflower was rising so it must be scaled up with fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of chicken manure and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of cauliflower. The study was conducted in Sukasenang Village, Banyuresmi Sub-district, Garut Regency from July to August 2019. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) in two factors each of the 3 rates with 2 replications. The first factor was the rates of chicken manure which consisted of 0, 10 and 20 tons ha<sup>-1</sup>; the second factor was NPK fertilizer which consists of 0, 100 and 200 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>. The parameter of this research was plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, weight and diameter crud. The results showed that there was no interaction between the chicken manure and NPK fertilizer. The treatment of 20 tons ha<sup>-1</sup> chicken manure affected the variable plant height, the number of leaves and leaf area. The rates of 200 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> NPK fertilizer had affected plant height, number of leaves, weight and diameter crud.</em></p>

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perbandingan Massa Tanah dan Pupuk Kandang Ayam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Buncis Tegak (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Rini Sitawati ◽  
Firman Satya Nugraha ◽  
Fiqriah Hanum Khumairah ◽  
Sri Nur Widyastuti L
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soil Media

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) is one type of vegetable crop favored by the Indonesian people. Its  cultivation requires specific planting medium and rich in nutriens to meet plant growth and development need. This study aims to obtain the best ratio of soil mass and chicken manure fertilizer which can increase common bean growth and yield . This experiment was conducted from April 2019 to June 2019, in Langensari Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency with an altitude of 1,200 m above sea level. The experiment used  Randomized Block Design (RBD)consisted of 5 treatments and repeated 5 times, namely  A = 4.0 kg of soil: 0.0 kg chicken manure , B = 2.0 kg of soil: 2.0 kg chicken manure , C =1,3 kg of soil  :2,7  kg chicken manure, D= 1,0 kg of soil : 3,0 kg chicken manure, and E = 2,7 kg of soil : 1,3 kg chiken manure per polibag.  Results showed that the use of planting media with a soil media mass ratio of  2,0 kg of soil : 2,0 kg chiken manure increase  plant height, number of leaves, number of fruits, fruit length and fruit weight compared the other treatmens, but the  flowering and fruiting age of the plants were not different beetwen  between treatments given.

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