EFFECT OF LIME AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER ON ACID SOILS AND BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.) PERFORMANCE IN THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS OF ETHIOPIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
TEMESGEN DESALEGN ◽  
GETACHEW ALEMU ◽  
AYALEW ADELLA ◽  
TOLESSA DEBELE ◽  
JULIÁN GONZALO J.
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Central Highlands

SUMMARYLow soil pH and associated soil infertility problems are considered to be amongst the major challenges to barley production in the highlands of Ethiopia. In response to this, an experiment was conducted at low soil pH (< 5 H2O) site on the effects of different levels of lime and phosphorus (P) fertilizer on soil pH, exchangeable aluminium (Al3+), grain yield and yield components of barley during 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons. The experiment comprised factorial combinations of five lime rates (0, 0.55, 1.1, 1.65 and 2.2 t ha−1) and four P rates (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg ha−1) in a randomized complete block design in three replications. The amount of lime that was applied at each level was calculated on the basis of Al3+. Results of soil analysis after 2 years of liming showed that liming significantly (P < 0.05) increased soil pH, and markedly reduced exchangeable Al3+. Liming at the rate of 0.55, 1.1, 1.65 and 2.2 t ha−1 decreased Al3+ by 0.88, 1.11, 1.20 and 1.19 mill equivalents per 100 g of soil, and increased soil pH by 0.48, 0.71, 0.85 and 1.1 units, respectively. Amongst the liming treatments, liming at the rate of 1.65 and 2.2 t ha−1 gave significantly (P < 0.05) the highest grain yield and yield components of barley. However, grain yield obtained by applications of 1.65 and 2.2 t ha−1 lime was statistically comparable. By additions of 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha−1, grain yield of barley increased by about 29, 55 and 66% as compared to control (without P). During 2010, however, the combined applications 1.65 t ha−1 lime and 30 kg P ha−1 gave 133% more grain yields of barley relative to control (without P and lime). Therefore, sustainable barley production on acid soils in the central highlands of Ethiopia should entail combined applications of both lime and P fertilizer.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Urea Super Granule as a Source of Nitrogen in Transplant Aman Rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Qurashi ◽  
MA Salam ◽  
M Jannat ◽  
MG Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
N Management ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the effect of urea super granule (USG) as a source of nitrogen on the yield and yield components of transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39, BRRI dhan46 and BINA dhan7. Five levels of N (viz., 0, 60, 120 kg ha-1 as prilled urea and 60 and 120 kg ha-1 as USG) were taken as experimental treatments. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant height, effective tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1 and grain yield varied significantly due to different cultivars. All the yield and yield components except 1000-grain weight were influenced significantly by the levels of nitrogen fertilizer. The highest grain yield (4.82 t ha-1) was recorded in BINA dhan7 and the lowest one (4.30 t ha-1) was recorded in BRRI dhan39. Nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 as USG performed the best among the treatments in respect of yield and yield components of rice. The highest grain yield (5.46t ha-1) was obtained from BINA dhan7 with 120 kg N ha-1 as USG which was statistically identical with 60 kg N ha-1 as USG. A considerable amount (31.25%) of prilled urea (PU) nitrogen could be saved by using USG. It may be concluded that USG could be used as N management to achieve better nitrogen use efficiency in reducing N loss than the PU.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v24i1-2.19095 Progress. Agric. 24(1&2): 29 - 37, 2013

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield, yield components and nutritive value in intercropping of Barley with Vetch

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-379
Author(s):  
Bijan Kahraryan ◽  
Farhad Farahvash ◽  
Soleyman Mohammadi ◽  
Bahram Mirshekari ◽  
Varharam Rashidi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons

To evaluate some agronomic properties and forage characteristics in the intercropping of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and vetch (Vicia ervilia L.), an experiment was conducted during 2014-2016 cropping seasons. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Intercropping patterns included 80% barley+ 20% vetch, 60% barley+ 40% vetch, 40% barley + 60% vetch and 20% barley + 80% vetch along with the sole culture of both crops (100% barley and100% vetch). The result showed that the highest value of plant height, grain number, thousand-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield and harvest in barley was observed from 80% barley + 20% vetch intercropping ratio, however, for vetch, it was detected from 100% vetch. Furthermore, the highest land equivalent ratio was obtained from 80% barley+ 20% vetch. Based on the results, the highest crude protein content and dry matter digestibility were observed in sole cropped vetch, whereas the highest neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were recorded in sole cropped barley. These results suggested that intercropped barley and vetch as 80% barley + 20% vetch ameliorated the grain yield and yield components, and forage quality compared to other intercropping ratios.

scholarly journals Influence of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates and Varieties on Growth, Grain Yield and Yield Components of Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayelom Berhe ◽  
Ashagrie Zewdu ◽  
Kebebew Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

A field experiment was conducted to assess the influence of N fertilizer rates on growth, grain yield and yield components of Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter], in 2017 main cropping season. Three tef varieties (Kora, Boset and Asgori) and five Nitrogen rates (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120kg N ha-1) were used in Randomize Completed Block Design with three replications with the same dose of Triple Super Phosphate. The total and productive tiller number were highly (P<0.01) significantly affected by varieties. The control plot had maximum days to heading and this may be due to nitrogen fixation may exist and its availability may be deficient in the soil. The less response to the N rate may be due to variability of fertility or soil N content, and genetically difference between varieties. From means of varieties, the early flowerings of Boset and Asgori varieties were 101.4 and 103.79 days to maturity, respectively, but Kora (108.9 days) was late matured. Kora had maximum plant height (135.9cm) and panicle length (56.07cm) followed by Boset (115.1cm) and (42.49cm) respectively. The lodging index was affected by N rates and Kernel weight was highly significantly (P<0.01) affected only by varieties. The highest mean of thousand kernel weight (0.3387) was noted from Asgori variety. The grain yield was decreased with N rates and a better grain yield was obtained at 60-90kg N ha-1. Overall N rates indicated that, both Kora (1800) and Boset (1883) had a better grain yield in kg ha-1, but Asgori had lowest grain yield (1560kg ha-1). Based on the economic point of view, it would be more profitable to use 60kg N ha-1 N rates.

scholarly journals Improving Performances of Late Transplant Aman Rice Through Spacing and Nutrient Management Options

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
RM Foysal ◽  
B Karmakar ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
AKMH Akther ◽  
S Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Two Factors

Crop and nutrient management options could improve the yield performances of late transplant Aman rice which is generally lower compared to optimum transplanting. To address these issues, an experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the effect of spacing and nutrient management options on yield and yield components of late transplant Aman rice and to find out the better treatment combination to obtain higher yield. The experiment was laid out in two factors randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications consisting of three spacings viz. S1 =25 cm×15 cm , S2 =25 cm×10 cm and S3 =20 cm×10 cm; and eight nutrient management options viz. N0 = Control (No fertilizer), N1 = Poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 , N2 = Vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1 , N3 = Researcher’s practice (Urea, TSP, MoP, Gypsum and ZnSO4 @ 180,75,105, 60 and 7.5 kg ha-1, respectively), N4 = 75% N3 + Poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1, N5 = 50% N3+ poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, N6 = 75% N3+ Vermicompost @ 1.5 t ha-1 and N7 = 50% N3+ Vermicompost @ 3 t ha-1. Pre-germinated seeds of BRRI dhan46 were sown in wet nursery bed on 16 August and 30–d–old seedlings were transplanted as per treatments on 15 September in 2017. Yield and yield components were significantly influenced by spacing, nutrient management options and their interactions. The highest yield (5.20 t ha-1) was obtained the spacing 25 cm×10 cm which was at par with 25 cm×15 cm (5.12 t ha-1) and the lowest (4.88 t ha-1) was in 20 cm×10 cm. Statistically similar grain yield 5.85, 5.81 and 5.79 t ha-1 were produced in the treatments N3, N4 and N6, respectively. Grain yield increased in the treatments having combination of inorganic and organic nutrient, and also in the optimum inorganic fertilizers (researcher’s practice). The highest grain yield (5.98 t ha-1) was obtained in the interaction S2×N3 which was at par with S1 x N3, S1 x N4, S1 x N6, S2 x N4 and S2 x N6. Performances of sole organic fertilizers were not satisfactory level. Therefore, reduced amount (75%) of inorganic fertilizers combined with organic fertilizers (poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 or vermicompost 1.5 t ha-1) along with closer spacing 25 cm×10 cm would be recommended to achieve better and sustainable yield performance of late transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan46. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 1-11

scholarly journals Effects of Sowing Date on Physiological Characteristics, Yield and Yield Components for Different Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Amir Taher RAH KHOSRAVANI ◽  
Cyrus MANSOURIFAR ◽  
Seyed Ali Mohammad MODARRES SANAVY ◽  
Kamal Sadat ASILAN ◽  
Hamed KESHAVARZ
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

In order to determine the effects of sowing date on physiological characteristics, yield and yield components of six sweet maize hybrids, an experiment was arranged in split plot based complete randomized block design with three replications. Sowing date in two levels (15 June and 1 July) and sweet maize hybrids in six variants (‘Chase’, ‘Temptation’, ‘Challenger’, ‘Basin’, ‘Obsession’ and ‘Ksc403su’) were the treatments. Results of ANOVA revealed significant difference of sowing date and sweet maize hybrids on the number of days for tassel emergence, number of days to anthesis, plant height, cob height, stem diameter, plant dry weight, cob dry weight, number of grain rows, length flowers, number of leaf above the cob, raffinose content of grain and grain yield. Mean comparisons showed that the highest grain yield was obtained for ‘Basin’ variety and it was obtained from the crop established on the 15th of June as planting date. In temperate regions, maize potential productivity seems to be more limited by the amount of solar radiation available around silking (determinant of grain set) than during grain filling (determinant of grain weight).

scholarly journals Changes in Yield and Yield Components of Wheat Cultivars under Water Stress Condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Farnia ◽  
Amin Tork
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

A field experiment was laid out in order to evaluation of effects water stress on yield and yield components of wheat cultivars in Lorestan province in Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd branch, Iran at 2014. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design based on randomized block design with three replications. Treatments were irrigation in five levels such as 1: four period irrigation after anthesis, 2: three period irrigation after anthesis, 3: two period irrigation after anthesis, 4: one period irrigation after anthesis and 5: control in main plots and  three wheat cultivars (Shiraz, Pishtaz and Bahar) in sub plots.  The results showed that, the effect of water stress, cultivar and interaction between them on all parameters were significant at 1% level. The height of Pishtaz cultivar was taller than other cultivars. The Pishtaz cultivar with one period irrigation after anthesis had the highest number of spike per square and Bahar cultivar with one period irrigation after anthesis had the lowest number of spike per square. However, 1000- grainwas decreased in water deficit treatment.  However, the Pishtaz cultivar with four period irrigation had the highest plant dry weight and grain yield and Bahar cultivar non irrigation treatment after anthesis had the lowest plant dry weight and Shiraz cultivar in non-irrigation treatment had the lowest grain yield. The results showed that yield and yield components of common wheat decreased with increasing of water deficit and for increasing in grain yield of wheat complete irrigation are needed. However, Pishtaz cultivar had a highest grain yield and dry matter production. Then we can increase grain yield and production of wheat with cultivation of Pishtaz cultivar and avoid of water stress.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i5.12707

scholarly journals Phosphorus and tillage management for maize under irrigated and dryland conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Amanullah* ◽  
Arsalan Zahid ◽  
Asif Iqbal ◽  
Mr. Ikramullah
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Tillage Depth

Deficiencies of phosphorous (P) and soil moisture are the main limiting factors under semiarid climates throughout the world. Proper tillage management could increase P and water availability and therefore crop productivity under semiaraid climates. The objective of this study was to investigate proper P and tillage management practices for improving growth, yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L. cv Azam). The experiment was conducted under, irrigated (no moisture stress) and dryland (moisture stress) conditions at the Agronomy Research Farm of The University of Agriculture, Peshawar Pakistan during summer 2012. Experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement having three replications under both irrigated and dryland conditions. Tillage depths (15, 30 and 45 cm) were assigned to main-plots while P levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) allotted to sub-plots. Better growth and higher yield components and grain yield (3535 kg ha-1) was obtained when P was applied at the highest rate of 90 kg P ha-1 (90 > 60 > 30 > 0 kg P ha-1). Increase in tillage depths showed positive relationship with grain yield and yield components. The deep tillage depth (45 cm) produced the highest grain yield (3323 kg ha-1) while the shallow depth (15 cm) resulted in the lowest grain yield (2894 kg ha-1). Maize planted under irrigated condition had better growth, higher yield components and therefore resulted in the higher grain yield (3621 kg ha-1) as compared with maize under dryland (water stress) condition. We concluded from this study that increase in P level and tillage depth had positive effect on growth, yield components and grain yield of maize under both irrigated and dryland conditions. 

scholarly journals Assessment of Plant Population and Time of Introduction of Maizeon the Performance of Garden egg - Maize Intercrop

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1479-1484
Author(s):  
Olabisi Awoniyi ◽  
Felix Takim ◽  
Gbadebo Olaoye ◽  
Patience Olorunmaiye ◽  
Ade Isaac Afe
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Dry Seasons

The field trials were conducted during the rainy and dry seasons of 2014 and 2015 to investigate the influence of population density and time of introduction of the component maize on the performance of garden egg/maize intercrop in Nigeria. The trial was laid as a randomised complete block design in a split-plot arrangement with 3 replications. The main plots were time of introduction of maize [2weeks before transplanting (WBT), same time with transplanting (STT) and 2 weeks after transplanting (WAT)] while 9 plant population ratios were the sub plots (100M: 100G, 100M: 75G, 100M: 50G, 100M: 25G 100M: 0, 0:100G, 25M: 100G, 50M: 100G, 75M: 100G). Intercropping system was evaluated using competitive indices and data collected on yield and yield components of both crops were subjected to analysis of variance. Maize sown STT garden egg had significantly high grain yield (3.70 t/ha) while the highest garden egg fruit yields of 40.96 t/ha was obtained when maize was introduced 2 WAT garden egg. This study recommends that, 50-75% maize should be introduced 2WAT of 100% garden egg during the dry season where irrigation facilities are available for optimal crops yields and minimal intercrop losses.

Influence of soil pH and climate on the tolerances of barley and wheat to chlorsulfuron

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 629 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lemerle ◽  
AR Leys ◽  
CR Kidd ◽  
BR Cullis
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

The effects of soil pH and seasonal conditions on the responses of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to chlorsulfuron were investigated at 3 sites in southern New South Wales in 1986, 1987 and 1988. The sites varied in soil pH (4.3-6.2) and annual rainfall (360-560 mm). In addition to the variation in soil pH between sites, 2 surface pH levels were obtained at each site by the addition of lime. The effect of post-emergence applications of 7.5, 15.0, 22.5, 30.0 and 37.5 g a.i./ha chlorsulfuron on the yield of weed-free barley and wheat varied with season, site and the addition of lime. The yield reduction was greatest in 1986, and the extent of the reduction was always greater in barley than wheat. In 1986, a recommended rate of chlorsulfuron (15 g a.i./ha) significantly (P<0.05) reduced the grain yield of barley at all sites by up to 18% and of wheat by up to 13%. Therefore, the reduced tolerance of barley and wheat to chlorsulfuron in some seasons was not restricted to the acid soils. Significant lime x chlorsulfuron interactions occurred with barley in 3 of the 9 trials, but the interactions were not consistent. At Ariah Park in 1986, grain yield reductions were greatest in unamended soils, while at both Ariah Park and Goolgowi in 1987, grain yield reductions were greatest with the limed plots. There were no significant interactions for wheat. In pot trials the effect of chlorsulfuron on the shoot dry weight of barley varied with soil type. However, there was no direct relationship between soil pH and dry weight reduction. When the pH of an acid soil was amended by liming to give soils with pH of 4.1-7.3, there was a trend to more damage at pH values of 5-6. With 4 soils of different pH and texture, there was less damage in the barley grown in soils of pH 7.3 and 7.4 than in soils of pH 4.1 and 6.0. While these results suggest that soil pH affects the tolerance of barley to chlorsulfuron, it is likely that soil pH is of less importance than other edaphic or climatic factors.

scholarly journals Effect of Integrated Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Barley in Liben Jawi District

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolera Abera ◽  
Tolcha Tufa ◽  
Tesfaye Midega ◽  
Haji Kumbi ◽  
Buzuayehu Tola
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Np Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

Barley is an important food and beverage crop in the highlands of Ethiopia, although intensive cultivation and suboptimal fertilizer application have caused nutrient depletion and yield decline. With this in view, integrated inorganic and organic fertilizer sources on yield and yield components of barley were studied. Ten treatments involving the sole NP, vermicompost, conventional compost, and farmyard manure based on N equivalency were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. Significantly higher grain yield and biomass yield of barley were obtained with the application of sole recommended NP and the integrated use of 50 : 50% vermicompost and conventional compost with recommended NP. Mean grain yield of 2567 and 2549 kg·ha−1 barley was obtained from application of 50 :50% conventional compost and vermicompost based on N equivalence with recommended NP fertilizer rate, which markedly reduce the cost of chemical NP fertilizer required for the production of barley. The economic analysis confirmed the profitability of the integrated use of 50 : 50% conventional compost and vermicompost with recommended NP fertilizer for barley production. Therefore, the integrated use of 50 : 50% conventional compost and vermicompost based on N equivalency with recommended NP fertilizer was recommended for sustainable barley production in Chelia district and similar agroecology.

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