The Games of the Greek Boy

1931 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Walter S. Hett
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Greek Literature ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Know How ◽  
Modern Novel ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times

If, in two thousand years time, any research student is sufficiently interested in the life of twentieth-century Britain, he may read The Times History of the War, as we read Thucydides; he may dig up London and try to reconstruct Westminster Abbey, as the Athenians are now rebuilding the Parthenon. But if our student wants to know how the ordinary Englishman lived, and what were his amusements, he will have to read the modern novel, if indeed any have survived so long. Now the Greek had no novel. The fifth-century Athenian found living far too exciting to waste any of a short life either in reading or in writing novels, even if he had spent sufficient time indoors to cultivate a taste for either; while the Spartan would have suppressed any such attempt, and its author, with ruthless energy. Consequently we cannot turn to any such source to find out what games the Greek boy or man played. No doubt there are allusions scattered throughout Greek literature, especially in the Comedies of Aristophanes, but to give his allusions their true significance is as difficult a task as our student two thousand years hence will find it to reconstruct any phase of modern society from the pages of Punch.

Situating Tribes in History: Lessons from the Archives and the Social Sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
Nadav Samin
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Official Records

The tribe presents a problem for the historian of the modern Middle East, particularly one interested in personalities, subtleties of culture and society, and other such “useless” things. By and large, tribes did not leave their own written records. The tribal author is a phenomenon of the present or the recent past. There are few twentieth century tribal figures comparable to the urban personalities to whose writings and influence we owe our understanding of the social, intellectual, and political history of the modern Middle East. There is next a larger problem of record keeping to contend with: the almost complete inaccessibility of official records on the postcolonial Middle East. It is no wonder that political scientists and anthropologists are among the best regarded custodians of the region's twentieth century history; they know how to make creative and often eloquent use of drastically limited tools. For many decades, suspicious governments have inhibited historians from carrying out the duties of their vocation. This is one reason why the many rich and original new monographs on Saddam Hussein's Iraq are so important. If tribes are on the margins of the records, and the records themselves are off limits, then one might imagine why modern Middle Eastern tribes are so poorly conceived in the scholarly imagination.

scholarly journals The Idea of Tragedy in Arthur Miller’s The Crucible and A View from the Bridge

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Hanyue Li
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Greek Tragedy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Arthur Miller ◽  
The Times ◽  
Twentieth Century America ◽  
Death Of A Salesman

Arthur Miller is acknowledged as a heavyweight in portraying ordinary life’s tragedy in twentieth-century America. He believes that tragedy is no longer confined to the kingly man placed aloofness from others; he denies rigid definitions of traditional Greek tragedy and enriches them to keep abreast of the times in modern society. Most Miller scholars, unfortunately, are still preoccupying themselves with Death of a Salesman. Available criticism of these two plays is scant and not extensive. This paper studies both the ostensible structures of standardized Greek tragedy and the hidden ideas of modern tragedy as they are intertwiningly applied to the two texts to see how Miller expresses his idea of modern tragedy behind the shield of Greek tragedy and how it gives a new lease on the life of antiquated classical tragedy in modern society.

scholarly journals IL CONTRIBUTO DEL POLITECNICO ALLO SVILUPPO DELL’INFORMATICA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Ghezzi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

The history of Computer Science and Engineering (Informatics) began internationally after the Second World War. In the last decade of the twentieth century it bacame one of the disciplines with highest impact on economy, industry, and society. The development of Informatics at Politecnico started when the first computer was brought to Italy from the USA by Prof. Luigi Dadda and the first experiments and investigations were launched. Since then Informatics has been continuously growing until today it became the engine of modern society, often called the Information Society. This paper reports on the main developments of Informatics at Politecnico and the main contributions achieved nationally and internationally in education and research.

The Fate of the History of Mentalités in the Annales

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Burguiére
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times

In a letter addressed to the medievalist Ferdinand Lot and dated June 1941, Charles Seignobos, hereditary enemy of the Annales, declared, “I have the impression that, for approximately the last quarter-century, the effort to think about historical method, which was vigorous in the 1880s and especially so in the 1890s, has reached a stalemate,” and noted that, as a sign of the times, “the Revue de Synthese Historique … has changed its name.” Seignobos, then only a year before his death, was writing a book on “the principles of the historical method.” His letter alluded to American and German output (“a mediocre American, Barnes, published a fat book in 1925 in which he summarized a large number of works….”), but made no mention of Lucien Febvre, Marc Bloch, or of the Annales, then in its twelfth year. To choose to ignore the Annales while discoursing on historical method is of course unjust and absurd. But aside from this omission, Charles Seignobos's remarks are not without pertinence. It is true that France at the turn of the last century and particularly during the first decade of the twentieth century, had been the center of a passionate and fascinating debate on the nature of historical knowledge, on the legitimacy of its pretensions to be a science, and so forth, and that by the 1940s this debate had ceased.

The Sickness Unto Death In The Underworld: A Study of Nihilism

1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Clive
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Western Literature ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Growing Pains ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modes Of Thought

Since the Enlightenment ennui and despair have been among the most dominant themes in western literature. In the twentieth century there scarcely exists a single major work of fiction which views man's nature and destiny under the aspect of hope or fulfillment. Why this should be so is the subject of interminable discussion which, generally speaking, locates the deeper cause in the breakdown of virtually all genuine religiousness with an attendant rise of meaninglessness and emptiness. This development in turn is linked to the various revolutions, particularly the Industrial, that have combined to undermine traditional occidental modes of thought and living. While some critics hold that it is merely a question of modern society becoming gradually accustomed to the blessings so precipitously conferred upon it by technology, thus comparing its present growing pains to those of an adolescent, few seem to disagree on the prevailing exhaustion and anxiety. In addition to the note of doom struck by the best intellectuals of our day — and its fashionableness is no argument against its truth — it would appear that the unreflecting masses independently of being exposed to this literature do not know how to redeem their leisure time, have lost a great deal of capacity for spontaneous participation, and seek despairingly if not eagerly for something vital to which they can relate themselves and through which find renewed structure in their lives.

Lost in translation? The Treatise on the Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith (Dasheng qixin lun) and its modern readings

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Tarocco
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Sanskrit Text ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
The West ◽  
Textual History ◽  
English Translations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lost In Translation

AbstractThe Treatise on the Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith, an indigenous Chinese composition written in the guise of an Indian Buddhist treatise, is one of the most influential texts in the history of East Asian Buddhism. Its outline of the doctrines of buddha nature (foxing), buddha bodies (foshen), and one mind (yixin), among others, served from the medieval period onwards as one of the main foundations of East Asian Buddhist thought and practice. The Treatise is putatively attributed to the Indian writer Aśvaghoṣa, and its current Chinese version was traditionally conceived of as a translation from an original Sanskrit text. In the course of the twentieth century, however, many important scholars of Buddhism have called into question the textual history of the Treatise. Even if the specific circumstances of its creation are still largely unknown, the view that the Treatise is an original Chinese composition (not necessarily written by a native Chinese) is now prevalent among scholars. Meanwhile, and for more than one hundred years, the text has also become a source of knowledge of Buddhism in the West thanks to a number of English translations. After examining the early textual history of the two existing versions of the text, this article will offer some examples of its modern appropriation by a novel group of readers and interpreters, an appropriation that took place during the first decades of the twentieth century amidst efforts to re-envision Chinese and East Asian Buddhist history and the place of Buddhism in modern society.

scholarly journals Governing the Voice: A Critical History of Speech-Language Pathology

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua St. Pierre ◽  
Charis St. Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Critical History ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Simple Economic

This essay argues that Speech-Language Pathology (SLP) emerged as a response to the early twentieth-century demand for docile, efficient, and thus productive speech. As the capacity of speech became more central to the industrial and democratic operations of modern society, an apparatus was needed to bring speech under the fold of biopower. Beyond simple economic productivity, the importance of SLP lies in opening the speaking subject up to management and normalization—creating, in short, biopolitical subjects of communication. We argue that SLP accordingly emerged not as a discreet institution, but as a set of practices which can be clustered under three headings: calculating deviance, disciplining the tongue, and speaking the truth of pathologized subjects. 

scholarly journals Reparar o Erro Através do Casamento: Honra, Moral e Sexualidade em um Trâmite Judicial

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Alécio Gonçalves da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
Know How ◽  
Civil Lawsuit ◽  
Control Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
And Control

Em suma, a história dessa narrativa busca lançar um olhar historiográfico sobre figuras e acontecimentos. Elegemos para tanto, enquanto fonte histórica principal um caso judicial, este em específico ocorrido na década de 80 do século XX, mas precisamente em 1982. Tratando-se de uma ação judicial cível de “Suprimento de Idade para Casamento”. O desenrolar do fato gravado nas páginas dos autos, torna necessário, por si só, uma reflexão acerca dos fios e teias que urdiram a partir das relações de micropoderes um sistema estrutural maior, mais complexo, aqui entendido enquanto a sociedade disciplinar e de controle. A partir deste caso e com outras fontes disponíveis, buscamos refletir sobre as redes invisíveis de interesses, inscritas substancialmente nos procedimentos técnicos, dentro dos discursos de saber-poder médico e jurídico embebidos pela lógica social disciplinar.Palavras-chave: Ação Judicial; Suprimento de Idade para Casamento; Sexualidade; Sociedade Disciplinar e de Controle. AbstractIn short, the history of this narrative seeks to cast a historiographical look at figures and events. To this end, we have chosen, as the main historical source, a judicial case, specifically in the 80's of the twentieth century, but precisely in 1982. This is a civil lawsuit of “Marriage Age Supply”. The unfolding of the fact recorded in the pages of the file, in itself, requires a reflection on the threads and webs that wove from the relations of micropowers a larger, more complex structural system, understood here as the disciplinary and control society. From this case and with other available sources, we seek to reflect on the invisible networks of interests, inscribed substantially in technical procedures, within the discourses of medical and legal know-how embedded in the disciplinary social logic.Keywords: Lawsuit; Age Supply for Marriage; Sexuality; Disciplinary and Control Society.

scholarly journals Public Health: Socio-Political History of a People

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Samuel Adu-Gyamfi ◽  
Aminu Dramani ◽  
Kwasi Amakye-Boateng ◽  
Sampson Akomeah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Western Medicine ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Public ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of

<p>This study focuses on the transformations that have characterised public health in Asante. The study highlights the changes that have occurred in the traditional public health which include the use of roots, leaves, back of trees and spiritualities’ as well as the colonial administration’s introduction of modern or western medicine and post-colonial inheritance. The domination of Asante from 1902-1957 by the British influenced the public health in Asante. This necessitated the introduction of western medicine, which included the building of hospitals and clinics and training of physicians to cater for the sick. Post-colonial Ghana after 1957saw a new direction in public health in Asante it ensured continuity and change. However, of the all the successes of traditional medicine and its importance even in modern times, an in-depth study of this subject has not received attention for the benefit of academia and society. It is critical to turn back, consider how public health was ensured in the first half of the twentieth century and balance it with modern practices. This will help us draw necessary lessons for modern society. This study, therefore, does a retrospective analyses/narrative on the accessibility and equitability of health to all citizens of Ghana and Asante in particular within the twentieth century and to further access the continuity and change over time.   </p>

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