A Survey of Modernization of Muslim Family Law

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazlur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Women In Islam ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Status Of Women

Some strides have been taken to improve the status of women in Islam, but the weight of conservatism is still very strong. How strong it is may be gauged from the following illustration. In the introduction to his book published in 1926 describing the rise of trade unionism, Shaikh Tāhir al-Haddād, a pioneer of the trade union movement in Tunisia, interprets history in a fashion that comes very close to Marxism, although he rejects Marxist atheism and materialism. No opposition came to this work from the pen of an 'alim. But three years later, when he published Our Woman in the Sharî'a and in Society, arguing that the social status of woman in Muslim society was actually inferior to what Islamic teaching granted them and pleading for improvement in the social and legal positions of women, he was severely attacked by the conservatives, lost his job, and died a few years later, a forlorn man.

Status and Prospects of German Trade-Unions and Works Councils

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Marcuse
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Works Councils ◽  
People's Party ◽  
German Trade ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
The Status

This chapter evaluates the status and prospects of trade unions and works councils in Nazi Germany. The report details that the German trade-union movement has developed in a different direction from American unionism. The German unions were affiliated with political parties: the Free Trade-Unions with the Social Democratic Party; the Christian-National Trade-Unions with the Center Party and the German National People's Party; and the German Trade Associations (Hirsch-Duncker) with the Democratic Party. The chapter first provides an overview of trade unionism in Germany prior to Adolf Hitler's ascension to power before discussing the spontaneous revival of trade unionism after the collapse of the Nazi regime. It then considers trade-union development in the Allied zones of occupation and in the Soviet zone of occupation, along with the revival of the works councils or shop stewards movement. It also addresses the question of the “political neutrality” of the trade-union movement.

Globalisation and the dilemmas of international trade unionism

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Gumbrell-McCormick
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Economic Developments

This article presents the author's reflections on the possibilities of a restructuring of the international trade union movement, on the basis of a collective research project to mark the fiftieth anniversary of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) which seeks to open a debate within the movement over the lessons to be learned from its history as a guide for its future action. The most important question facing the trade union movement today is what is generally called 'globalisation', a phenomenon that goes back many years, both in terms of economic developments and labour struggles. From this perspective, the paper examines the basis for the existing divisions of the international labour movement, before going over the work of the ICFTU and of the International Trade Secretariats (ITSs) to achieve the regulation of the multinational corporations and of the international economy, and concluding on the prospects for unity of action in the unions' work around the global economy.

British Trade Unions and European Union Integration in the 1990s: Politics versus Political Economy

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Strange
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
British Trade ◽  
Careful Assessment

This article evaluates the changing assessments within the British trade union movement of the efficacy of European Union integration from the viewpoint of labour interests. It argues that there has been a marked further ‘Europeanisation’ of British trade unionism during the 1990s, consolidating an on-going process which previous research shows began in earnest in the mid 1980s. A shift in trade union economic policy assessments has seen the decisive abandonment of the previously dominant ‘naive’ or national Keynesianism. While there remain important differences in economic perspective between unions, these are not such as would create significant divisions over the question of European integration per se, the net benefits of which are now generally, though perhaps not universally, accepted. The absence of fundamental divisions is evident from a careful assessment of the debates about economic and monetary union at TUC Congress. The Europeanisation of British trade unionism needs to be seen within the context of an emergent regionalism, in Europe and elsewhere. It can best be understood as a rational response by an important corporate actor (albeit one whose national influence has been considerably diminished in recent decades) to globalisation and a significantly changing political economy environment.

scholarly journals REFLECTION ON THE SOCIAL STATUS OF THE ADYGHE WOMAN IN THE RESEARCHES OF THE EUROPEAN AUTHORS OF THE XVII - XIX  ENTURY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
З.Х. Кумахова
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Women's Status ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Women’S Status ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Status Of Women

В данной статье анализируются исследования европейских путе- шественников, побывавших на Северном Кавказе в XVII–XIX в., затрагивающие статус женщины в традиционном черкесском обществе. Выявленные источники классифицируются по сюжетам, описывающим формирование статуса женщи- ны с младенчества до достижения положения матери семейства. В настоящей статье предпринята попытка комплексно изучить вышеупомянутые источники, выявив стороны жизни адыгской женщины, привлекавшие внимание иностранных исследователей. This article analyzes the research of European travelers who visited the North Caucasus in the 17th - 19th centuries. affecting the status of women in traditional Circassian society. The sources identifi ed are classifi ed by stories describin This article analyses the researches of European travellers who visited the North Caucasus in the period from 17th to 19th centuries, that covered the issue of the status of women in traditional Circassian society. The identifi ed sources are classifi ed according to the plot describing the development of women’s status from infancy to getting the position of the mother of the family. In this article, an attempt has been made to study comprehensively the abovementioned sources, identifying the Adyghe woman’s aspects of life, which attracted the attention of foreign researchers g the formation of the status of women from infancy to the position of the mother of the family. In this article, an attempt was made to comprehensively study the above sources, identifying the sides of the life of the Adyg woman, which attracted the attention of foreign researchers.

Challenges of Trade Union Movement in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ravinder Jit
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Union Leaders ◽  
The Face

The trade union movement in India is facing many challenges. The finances of the unions are generally in a bad shape. Multiplicity of unions and inter-union rivalry makes it difficult to take a constructive approach to problems and issues. Heterogeneity of membership renders the unions unstable, weak, fragmented, uncoordinated and amorphous. Besides this, majority of unions are managed by professional politicians and lawyers who have no experience of physical work and no commitment to the organization. These outside leaders may give precedence to their personal interests and prejudices than welfare of the workers. Development of internal leadership is also not encouraged by unscrupulous politicians in the garb of union leaders. Keeping in mind all these challenges various scholars and practitioners have suggested certain measures to strengthen trade union movement in India. Developing internal leadership, presenting a united labor front for bargaining, ensuring financial stability of unions, having paid full time union office bearers, extending the boundaries of trade unions to unorganized sector and ensuring strong central legislation for recognition of representative union are some of the measures that can change the face of trade unionism in India.

Bringing Asia to the world: Indian trade unionism and the long road towards the Asiatic Labour Congress, 1919–37

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolien Stolte
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Crucial Characteristic

AbstractThis article considers Asianism in the Indian trade union movement, against the backdrop of increasing international cooperation between Asian trade union movements in the interwar period, which culminated in the short-lived Asiatic Labour Congress (1934–37). It demonstrates how Asianist enthusiasm both propelled and hampered Indian workers’ representation at the International Labour Organization and other international bodies. Finally, it considers Asianism as a crucial characteristic of Indian trade unionism in the interwar period, by showing how the All-India Trade Union Congress, once the hope of Indian labour as an organized force, split into rival federations over the issue of its Asian affiliations.

scholarly journals Power in Practice: Trade union education in Sierra Leone

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-549
Author(s):  
John Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Union Education

This article presents an analysis of the development of a trade union education program in Sierra Leone in the geo-historical context of British colonialism. It places the argument in relation to the contradictory trends of trade unionism more generally and alongside their antagonistic cooperation with capitalism. It discusses the limits and potentialities of a radical pedagogy when trade unions are constrained to engage with existing power structures that use English as the dominant language. It places more theoretical arguments within the context of a country characterized by major inequalities and facing the neo-liberal challenges of globalization and a trade union movement seeking to be representative of an informal workforce but rooted in the formal economy.

scholarly journals The Social Foundations of Structural Power: Strategic Position, Worker Unity and External Alliances in the Making of the Chilean Dockworker Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Fox-Hodess ◽  
Camilo Santibáñez Rebolledo
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Structural Power ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Social Foundations ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
External Actors ◽  
High Degree

This article examines the associational and societal foundations of structural power. A case studyof the ten-year-long history of the Unión Portuaria de Chile is analysed with a focus on a criticaljuncture in 2012–2014. The Chilean dockworker case is an emblematic example of trade unionmovement revitalisation via strikes of strategically positioned workers. Yet ethnographic researchwith the organisation suggests that the role it has come to play in the country was only possible asa result of intensive long-term organising efforts to develop a high degree of internal unity atmultiple scales, as well as sustained alliances with external actors. As a result, the authors argue thatthe most economistic accounts of worker power and trade union movement revitalisation areanalytically insufficient and would benefit from greater attention to associational and societaldimensions of power, even among the most strategically positioned workers.KEYWORDS: trade union revitalisation; structural power; associational power; strategic position; dockworkers

scholarly journals Concepções, aproximações e afastamentos de docentes universitários em relação ao movimento sindical

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Michelle Karoline Pereira da Silva ◽  
André Rodrigues Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
National Level ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
National Union ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Union Section

The objective of this study is to analyze the process of closeness and distance of professors from the trade union movement, particularly in the case of union leaders from Federal University of Amapá Professors Trade Union (SINDUFAP), Trade Union Section of the National Union of Professors of Institutions of Higher Education (ANDES-SN), highlighting the syndicate conception that they defend in the context of transformations implemented by neoliberal governments in Brazil. The research is classified as a field research, with an exploratory nature. The subjects who participated in the research were professors who worked in the executive direction of the trade union from 1994 to 2018. It can be said that the problems imposed on trade unionism, as well as the motivations for closeness and distance are articulated with the broader issues of neoliberal policies implemented at national level which have negative consequences which need to be reflected about the limits (and possibilities) of trade unionism in general. In the core of the motivations to closeness and distance of the trade union are the conceptions of society, university and syndicate defended by the cited professors, even though other internal questions from the organizational issues need to be addressed. 

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