Studies in beef production II. The estimation of live weight of beef steers from chest girth and other body measurements

1960 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Brookes ◽  
G. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

1. Records collected on the steers reared during the long-term experiment on beef production on the Cambridge University Farm from 1946 to 1955 have been analysed to examine the relation of live weight to various body measurements and the dependence of these relations on breed, treatment and age.2. Among the measurements considered singly, chest girth was most closely related to live weight.3. There were marked differences in the slopes of the regression lines relating log live weight to log chest girth during the two phases of the experiment—from birth to 8 months of age and from 8 months to slaughter.4. The regression coefficients in the first period were affected by the treatment on which the calves were being reared. Those in the second period were affected both by the level of feeding the steers were receiving during that period and by the manner in which they had been reared to 8 months.5. Height at shoulder was the measurement which, as a second variate in the regression equations, led to the greatest increases in the accuracy of prediction of live weight. However, the relation of this measurement to live weight was also affected by the treatment.6. It was considered that these measurements show little promise as estimators of live weight which could be generally applied, since their relations to live weight were affected by the treatment of the animal.

scholarly journals Prediction of the Carcass Value of Young Holstein-Friesian Bulls Based on Live Body Measurements

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Pogorzelska-Przybyłek ◽  
Zenon Nogalski ◽  
Zofia Wielgosz-Groth ◽  
Rafał Winarski ◽  
Monika Sobczuk-Szul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Chest Girth

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the suitability of ultrasound and zoometric measurements and visual muscle scoring for predicting the carcass value of 167 young Holstein-Friesian (HF) bulls. Zoometric and ultrasound measurements were performed and live muscle scoring was estimated before slaughter. After slaughter, hot carcass weight (HCW) was determined and carcasses were assigned to conformation and fat classes according to the EUROP system. Multiple regression equations were derived to estimate the weight, conformation and fatness of carcasses. HCW was estimated using the following equations: Ŷ = 1.507x1 + 1.103x2 + 4.043x3 + 5.53x4 + 0.379x5 + + 8.076x6 - 678.93 (R2=0.892; Sy = 16.28) and Ŷ = 2.525x4 + 0.579x7 + 0.451x8 - 134.17 (R2=0.943; Sy = 11.84); independent variables x1 - height at sacrum (cm); x2 - chest girth (cm); x3 - pelvic width (cm); x4 - pelvic length (cm); x5 - thickness of M. gluteo-biceps (mm); x6 - intravital muscle scoring (points); x7 - thickness of M. longissimus dorsi (mm); x8 - live weight (kg). Validation of the first regression equation revealed overestimation of HCW by 1.25% on average, while validation of the second equation revealed its underestimation by 1.85% on average. It was found that intravital muscle scoring and selected ultrasound and zoometric measurements of HF bulls can be used in formulating regression equations for predicting the carcass value of live animals. The proposed models enable predicting the carcass value of young bulls with satisfactory accuracy, thus contributing to an objective live beef cattle assessment

662. The comparative efficiency of some methods of estimating the live weight of dairy cows

1957 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. A. Burt
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Body Measurement ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Single Body ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Three Body

1. Data from 133 Dairy Shorthorn cows in three herds have been used in a study of various methods of estimating live weight from body measurements based on logarithmic relationships and indices of body volume.2. Regression equations are presented relating live weight to several combinations of chest girth, paunch girth, length of body and age.3. The most satisfactory estimate of weight from a single body measurement was given by the regression of log live weight upon log chest girth.4. Appreciable increases in the efficiency of estimation were obtained by including log paunch girth or log length of body as second variates in the regression, and a further increase by including them together.5. Indices of body volume using chest girth and length of body, or chest girth, paunch girth and length of body gave good estimates of live weight, and there was very little difference in efficiency of estimation from that when the three measurements were used in a logarithmic regression.6. The effects of the addition of age to regressions involving chest girth, paunch girth and length of body were slight but statistically significant.7. The most satisfactory practical method of estimation using the three body measurements is given by the equationLive weight (lb.)=0·000935 LB(CG2+PG2+ PG.CG)+57 (all measurements in inches).8. Comparison of fiducial limits showed that these covered a range 4–5 times as great for live weights estimated from chest girth than for live weights determined directly, and that the inclusion of length of body and paunch girth reduced this range by 25–30%.

scholarly journals Biometrical Relationship between Body Weight and Body Measurements of Black Bengal Goat (BBG)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Md. Ahsan Habib ◽  
Ambia Akhtar ◽  
A. K. Fazlul Haque Bhuiyan ◽  
Md. Panir Choudhury ◽  
Most Farhana Afroz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Chest Girth

Aims: To develop regression equations for estimation of live weight from the external morphological measurements. Study Design: CRD with non-orthogonal hierarchy. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at 3 rural village communities of Bhaluka Upazila in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh from 2009 to 2013. Methodology: All animals were ear-tagged and maintained under semi-intensive management system with scheduled vaccination and de-worming. Data were collected from a baseline survey along with 3 progressive generations produced from the community foundation stocks. Body length, chest girth, wither height, hip height and body weights were measured in a same day and recorded individually from birth up to 15 month age. Body weights were measured in kilogram by a hanging spring balance and other morphological parameters were measured in centimeter by a measuring tape. The data were analyzed by "SPSS 17.0" statistical program. Results: A total of seven regression models were adopted and analysis of variance showed that all models were fitted significantly (p<0.001). The correlation coefficient was higher when multiple body measurements were included in the model. The study also revealed that when chest girth as a single body measurement was included in the model gave the highest correlation coefficient (R=0.92). For including multiple measurements, body length and chest girth are the best external body measures which exposed same correlation coefficient (R2=0.92) when included more than these two body measures in the model. The differences between actual body weight and body weight predicted from regression equation for different ages were less than 1% (p>0.05) and correlation coefficient between weights was 0.92 (p<0.01). Conclusion: There are strong correlations among morphometric body measurements. Thus, body weight can be estimated from a single or multiple body measurements by regression equation. Chest girth is the best single predictor for estimating live body weight with high accuracy.

Alaskan moose measurements and weights and measurement–weight relationships

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert W. Franzmann ◽  
Robert E. LeResche ◽  
Robert A. Rausch ◽  
John L. Oldemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Hind Foot ◽  
Alces Alces Gigas

A total of 1329 Alaskan moose (Alces alces gigas) were measured for total length, 1340 for chest girth, 1317 for hind foot, 618 for shoulder height, and 1219 for ear length. Five hundred and four moose were weighed. These data were classified by sex, age, month sampled, and location. Growth rates were plotted and discussed. No morphometric differences were detected by sex and location classifications up to age 36 months. Location differences were detected which corresponded to general condition, productivity, and condition related blood parameters of the populations. Seasonal weight patterns demonstrated increases from 21 to 55% from spring to late fall. Measurements, particularly total lengths, were better indicators of growth rate than were weights. All body measurements were significantly correlated with weight: total length, r (correlation coefficient) = 0.94; chest girth, r = 0.90; shoulder height, r = 0.87; and hind foot, r = 0.81. Combined sex regression equations were derived because the slight differences between the male and female regression lines were unimportant in field application. These regression equations were as follows: weight (kilograms) = −239.7 + 2.07(total length); weight (kilograms) = −245.3 + 3.14(chest girth).

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of Arab and Oromo goats in northwestern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumer Sheriff ◽  
Kefyalew Alemayehu ◽  
Aynalem Haile
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Chest Girth

Abstract Background An exploratory field research was conducted in northwestern Ethiopia, to characterize the morphological features of Arab and Oromo goat populations as an input to design community-based breeding programs. Ten qualitative and nine quantitative traits were considered from 747 randomly selected goats. All data collected during the study period were analyzed using R statistical software. Results Plain white coat color was predominantly observed in Arab goats (33.72%) while plain brown (deep and light) coat color was the most frequent in Oromo goats (27.81%). The morphometric measurements indicated that Oromo goats have significantly higher body weight and linear body measurements than Arab goats. Positive, strong and highly significant correlations were obtained between body weight and most of the body measurements in both goat populations. The highest correlation coefficients of chest girth with body weight for Arab (r  =  0.95) and Oromo (r  =  0.92) goat populations demonstrated a strong association between these variables. Live body weight could be predicted with regression equations of y  =  − 33.65  +  0.89  ×  for Arab goats (R2  =  90) and y  =  − 37.55  +  0.94  ×  for Oromo goats (R2  =  85), where y and x are body weight and chest girth, respectively, in these goat types. Conclusions The morphological variations obtained in this study could be complemented by performance data and molecular characterization using DNA markers to guide the overall goat conservation and formulation of appropriate breeding and selection strategies.

Effect of docking and shearing on growth and carcass traits of fat-tailed Ossimi sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. F. M. Marai ◽  
M. S. Nowar ◽  
Layla B. Bahgat ◽  
J. B. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Group Basis ◽  
Daily Gain

SummaryThirty Ossimi lambs were used in an experiment to compare those whose tail was docked shortly after birth with controls. After weaning at 4 months of age the groups were further subdivided and two of the four groups closely shorn according to a 2 × 2 factorial design.Male lambs at 20 kg were subjected to intensive finishing until the age of 50 weeks and nine were then slaughtered to determine carcass characteristics.There was a trend for increased live-weight gain in the docked lambs in the preweaning stage (up to 16 weeks).This trend was also present, although not statistically significant, in the final phase of intensive feeding from 20 kg weight to 50 weeks. Shearing significantly improved daily gain in this final period (P < 0·05). These increases in gain were also apparently associated with improvements in efficiency, as judged on a group basis.Docking and shearing also tended to cause increases in body measurements: height, chest girth and abdomen girth in the case of docking (P < 0·05) and chest girth, chest depth and abdomen girth in the case of shearing (P < 0–05).Carcass characteristics, measured on a relatively small sample, indicated several effects of docking and shearing on carcass traits although most of these were consistent with the expected differences stemming from the higher carcass weights acheived at 50 weeks of age by docked and sheared lambs.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of Arab and Oromo goats in northwestern Ethiopia: implications for community-based breeding programs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumer Sheriff ◽  
Kefyalew Alemayehu ◽  
Aynalem Haile
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Chest Girth

Abstract Background: An exploratory field research was conducted in Northwestern Ethiopia, to characterize the morphological features of Arab and Oromo goat populations as a first step to design breeding programs. Ten qualitative and nine quantitative traits were considered from 747 randomly selected goats. All data collected during the study period were analyzed using R statistical software, version 3.5.2, 2018. Results: Plain white coat color was predominantly observed in Arab goats (33.72%) while plain brown (deep and light) coat color was the most frequent in Oromo goats (27.81%). The morphometric measurements indicated that Oromo goats have significantly (P < 0.001) higher body weight and linear body measurements than Arab goats. Positive, strong and highly significant (P < 0.001) correlations were obtained between body weight and most of the body measurements in both goat populations. The highest correlation coefficients of chest girth with body weight for Arab (r = 0.95) and Oromo (r = 0.92) goat populations demonstrated a strong association between these variables. Live body weight could be predicted with regression equations of y = -33.65 + 0.89x for Arab goats (R2 = 90) and y = -37.55 + 0.94x for Oromo goats (R2 = 85), where y and x are body weight and chest girth, respectively, in these goat types. Conclusions: The morphological variations obtained in this study could be complemented by performance data and molecular characterization using DNA markers to guide the overall goat conservation and formulation of appropriate breeding and selection strategies.

Long-term agroecosystem research on northern Great Plains mixed-grass prairie near Mandan, North Dakota

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Sanderson ◽  
M. A. Liebig ◽  
J. R. Hendrickson ◽  
S. L. Kronberg ◽  
D. Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Mixed Grass Prairie ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Mixed Grass ◽  
Livestock Productivity

Sanderson, M. A., Liebig, M. A., Hendrickson, J. R., Kronberg, S. L., Toledo, D., Derner, J. D. and Reeves, J. L. 2015. Long-term agroecosystem research on northern Great Plains mixed-grass prairie near Mandan, North Dakota. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1101–1116. In 1915, a stocking rate experiment was started on 101 ha of native mixed-grass prairie at the Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory (NGPRL) near Mandan, ND (100.9132N, 46.7710W). Here, we document the origin, evolution, and scientific outcomes from this long-term experiment. Four pastures of 12.1, 20.2, 28.3, and 40.5 ha were laid out and stocked continuously from May until October with 2-yr-old or yearling beef steers at four rates [initially 0.98, 1.39, 1.83, and 2.4 animal unit months ha−1]. The experiment generated some of the first information on the resilience of mixed-grass prairie to grazing and drought and relationships of livestock productivity to soil moisture for predictive purposes. After 1945, the experiment was reduced to the light and heavy stocking rate pastures only, which have been managed and grazed in approximately the same manner to the present day. The pastures were used to assess responses of vegetation to fertilizer in the 1950s and 1960s, develop grazing readiness tools in the 1990s, and assess remote sensing technologies in the 2000s. The long-term pastures currently serve as a unique resource to address contemporary questions dealing with drought, soil quality, carbon dynamics, greenhouse gas emissions, invasive species, and climate change.

scholarly journals Morphometric characterization of Brahman crossbred cattle and prediction of live weight using linear body measurements

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-577
Author(s):  
Md Mahbubur Rashid ◽  
Md Azharul Hoque ◽  
Khan Shahidul Huque ◽  
Md Azharul Islam Talukder ◽  
AK Fazlul Huque Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Bone Length ◽  
Bone Width ◽  
Linear Body

The present work was conducted to evaluate the variability in linear body measurements; to investigate the relationship between body linear measurements and live weight and to predict live weight of F1 Brahman crossbred cattle using body measurements. A total of 123 male and 87 female F1 Brahman crossbred cattle of 6-36 months age and weighing from 63 to 535 kg were used for the study over a period from 2010 to 2014. The study revealed that that most of the morphological measurements were linearly increased with the advances of age. The body weight had highest correlation coefficient with the heart girth around the chest (r=0.96, p<0.001) and lowest with canon bone length (r=0.49, p<0.001) compared with other body measurements. The correlations of body weight with tail length, ear length, canon bone length and canon bone width were at medium level (r=0.51-0.79). Grouping of data according to age indicated that heart girth in >24 months group had highest correlation coefficient (r=0.96) with body weight compared to ?12 months (r=0.92) and >12-24 months (r=0.95) group. The stepwise regression models revealed that heart girth singly accounted highest variation (93%) in body weight for all animals. Thus, the general equation for prediction of live weight of Brahman crossbred cattle was Y=4.07HG–356 (±6.96) where Y=live weight (Kg), HG=heart girth around the chest (cm). The regression equations for the live weight were Y=2.71HG–191 (±13.5), Y=4.05HG–357 (±9.77) and Y=4.87HG–471 (±23.0) for ?12, >12-24 and >24 months age groups. The best model for estimating body weight was obtained using HG and body length (BL) for all animals Y=2.83HG+1.80BL–392 (±6.69). These results suggested that prediction equations based on HG or in combination of HG and BL can be used efficiently in Brahman crossbred cattle to predict live weight.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2015, 1(3): 569-577

The use of specific gravity and its reciprocal in predicting the carcass composition of pigs slaughtered at three weights

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Adam ◽  
W. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Residual Variation ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

SUMMARY1. Carcass dissection data and specific gravity determinations from 76 pigs slaughtered at either 120 lb., 200 lb., or 260 lb. live-weight have been analysed to study the value of specific gravity and its reciprocal in predicting fat and lean in the carcass.2. Possible effects that the bone content of the carcass might have on the accuracy of prediction have been investigated.3. Specific gravity was highly correlated with percentage fat and lean in the half carcass. Correlation coefficients for the reciprocal were of similar magnitude but opposite in sign.4. The residual standard errors in percentage lean and fat at constant specific gravity were 1·74% and 1·72% respectively.5. The replacement of specific gravity by its reciprocal did not increase the accuracy of prediction for either lean or fat tissue expressed as a percentage of the trimmed half carcass.6. The muscle/fat ratio exerted a markedly greater influence on specific gravity than did the muscle/bone ratio. However, the inclusion of the latter ratio in equations relating specific gravity and percentage lean in the carcass, reduced the residual variation.7. Application of the pooled regression equations to independent data, obtained by the use of identical techniques, has given promising results.

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