Plant development and grain yield in spring and winter barley

SummaryThe development of spring and winter barley sown in both the spring and autumn has been followed in two seasons. The rates of development were similar in both types for autumn sowings but the spring types developed faster in spring sowings. Differences in the rate of development were related to photoperiod and temperature although soil water stress modified variety response. Yields were higher from autumn and early spring sowings. Sowing in April resulted in a considerable reduction in yield. The significance of these results for barley breeders is discussed.

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Prediction of the effects of soil water stress on grain yield and radiation use efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using a simulation model

Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka ◽

10.4038/jnsfsr.v26i2.3559 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

W. A. J. M. De Costa

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Water Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Simulation Model ◽

Soil Water ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Radiation Use Efficiency ◽

Soil Water Stress ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Radiation Use

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Potassium Application Positively Modulates Physiological Responses of Cocoa Seedlings to Drought Stress

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11030563 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 563

Author(s):

Esther Anokye ◽

Samuel T. Lowor ◽

Jerome A. Dogbatse ◽

Francis K. Padi

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Soil Water ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Seedling Survival ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Biomass Partitioning ◽

Chlorophyll Content And Fluorescence ◽

Physiological Functions ◽

Soil Water Stress

With increasing frequency and intensity of dry spells in the cocoa production zones of West Africa, strategies for mitigating impact of water stress on cocoa seedling survival are urgently required. We investigated the effects of applied potassium on biomass accumulation, physiological processes and survival of cocoa varieties subjected to water stress in pot experiments in a gauzehouse facility. Four levels of potassium (0, 1, 2, or 3 g/plant as muriate of potash) were used. Soil water stress reduced plant biomass accumulation (shoot and roots), relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content and fluorescence. Leaf phenol and proline contents were increased under water stress. Additionally, compared to the well-watered conditions, soils under water stress treatments had higher contents of exchangeable potassium and available phosphorus at the end of the experimental period. Potassium applied under well-watered conditions reduced leaf chlorophyll content and fluorescence and increased leaf electrolyte leakage, but improved the growth and integrity of physiological functions under soil water stress. Potassium addition increased biomass partitioning to roots, improved RWC and leaf membrane stability, and significantly improved cocoa seedling survival under water stress. Under water stress, the variety with the highest seedling mortality accumulated the highest contents of phenol and proline. A significant effect of variety on plant physiological functions was observed. Generally, varieties with PA 7 parentage had higher biomass partitioning to roots and better seedling survival under soil moisture stress. Proportion of biomass partitioned to roots, RWC, chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf electrolyte leakage appear to be the most reliable indicators of cocoa seedling tolerance to drought.

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