The effect of rumen protozoa on the urinary excretion of purine derivatives in goats

2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. FUJIHARA ◽  
M. TODOROKI ◽  
K. NAKAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Purine Derivative ◽  
Rumen Protozoa ◽  
The Mean

Urinary purine derivative (PD) excretion was estimated to examine the effect of rumen protozoa on total PD excretion in goats fed hay and a concentrate diet. The effect of increasing protozoa number in the rumen on nitrogen (N) balance and urinary PD excretion was determined after inoculation. Protozoa increased slowly until 4 days after inoculation, and on the 5th day after inoculation rapidly, finally (10 days) reaching 4·1×105/ml of rumen contents similar to that before defaunation. Urinary N excretion showed a small (non-significant) decrease. Urinary PD excretion did not change until the 7th day, and then the level decreased on the 8th day after faunation presumably due to the effect of increased protozoa in the rumen. The mean urinary total PD excretion significantly (P<0·05) decreased in the defaunated group compared with that in the faunated group. Comparable changes were not seen in plasma PD level of faunated and defaunated groups.

Urinary excretion of allantoin and allantoin precursors by sheep after different rates of purine infusion into the duodenum

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Balcells ◽  
J. A. Guada ◽  
C. Castrillo ◽  
J. Gasa
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Urinary Recovery ◽  
Purine Derivative ◽  
Purine Bases ◽  
Proximal Duodenum ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Energy Maintenance

SUMMARYTwo experiments were carried out to determine endogenous losses and the response of urinary purine derivatives to increased duodenal inputs of purine bases. Four ewes each fitted with a re-entrant cannula at the proximal duodenum, and conventionally fed, were subjected to full replacement of duodenal digesta followed by the administration of a solution either free of purines (Expt 1) or enriched with increasing amounts of purines, to supply 0·48–21·27 mmol/animal per day (Expt 2). Basal daily urinary excretions of allantoin, uric acid, hypoxanthine and xanthine were 11·5 ± 0·94, 9·9 ± 0·67, 6·9 ± 0·46 and 1·2 ±0·16 mg/kg W0·75. Allantoin was the only purine derivative which increased in response to incremental inputs of duodenal purines. The relationship between allantoin excretion and infused purines showed a urinary recovery of 0·8 for purines infused at > 220 μmol/kg W0·76. Lower rates of infusion did not alter allantoin excretion. The results show urinary allantoin to be a useful index to estimate duodenal input of purines when animals are fed close to or above their energy maintenance requirements.

A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF ALDOSTERONE SECRETION RATE IN MAN

1966 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lund-Johansen ◽  
T. Thorsen ◽  
K. F. Støa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Derivative Method ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A comparison has been made between (A), a relatively simple method for the measurement of aldosterone secretion rate, based on paper chromatography and direct densitometry of the aldosterone spot and (B) a more elaborate isotope derivative method. The mean secretion rate in 9 normal subjects was 112 ± 26 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 135 ± 35 μg per 24 hours (method B). The »secretion rate« in one adrenalectomized subject after the intravenous injection of 250 μg of aldosterone was 230 μg per 24 hours (method A) and 294 μg per 24 hours (method B). There was no significant difference in the mean values, and correlation between the two methods was good (r = 0.80). It is concluded that the densitometric method is suitable for clinical purposes as well as research, being more rapid and less expensive than the isotope derivative method. Method A also measures the urinary excretion of the aldosterone 3-oxo-conjugate, which is of interest in many pathological conditions. The densitometric method is obviously the less sensitive and a prerequisite for its use is an aldosterone secretion of 20—30 μg per 24 hours. Lower values are, however, rare in adults.

EFFECTS OF SYNTHETIC LH/FSH-RELEASING HORMONE (LRH) ON PLASMA LH AND FSH IN AMENORRHOEIC WOMEN

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rannevik ◽  
J. Thorell
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Serial Measurements

ABSTRACT Eight amenorrhoeic women were given 100 μg synthetic LRH (Hoechst) iv and im, respectively, at an interval of 2 weeks. Four of the women received the iv injection first and four the im injection. The urinary excretion of oestrogens and pregnanediol was low and unaltered throughout the test weeks. The effects of LRH were compared by serial measurements of the plasma LH and FSH during 8 h. The initial response of LH for up to 25 min and that of FSH for up to 60 min were equal whether LRH was given iv or im. The difference appeared later. Four hours after the injection the mean increase of LH to iv injection was 0.5 ng/ml (N. S.), while that to im injection was 1.9 ng/ml (P < 0.01). The corresponding values for FSH were 1.3 (P < 0.05) and 3.2 (P < 0.001). The effect of LRH administration im was thus found to be larger and more prolonged.

Pharmacodynamics of [D-Ser (t-Bu), Des-Gly]GnRH ethylamide (Buserelin®) in 6 normal volunteers.

1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Reznik ◽  
B. P. Winiger ◽  
M. L. Aubert ◽  
P. C. Sizonenko
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Disappearance Rate ◽  
Gnrh Analog ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Normal Volunteers ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. The disappearance rate of [D-Ser(t-bu)6,des-Gly10]GnRH ethylamide (Buserelin®, HOE 766) was studied in plasma and urine after intranasal (300 μg) or sc (10 μg/kg) administration. A radioimmunoassay for HOE 766 was developed using 125I[D-Trp6,Des-Gly10]GnRH ethylamide as tracer and an antiserum raised against HOE 766. Cross-reaction with native GnRH was only 1.7%. Sensitivity was 1 pg/tube. In 6 male adolescents, the mean plasma HOE 766 concentration (± sem) was 0.46 ± 0.08, 0.50 ± 0.10, 0.28 ± 0.04, 0.24 ± 0.04, 0.13 ± 0.03, and 0.08 ± 0.02 μg/l 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min after the intranasal administration, respectively. Concomitant urinary excretion of HOE 766-like material was 9.43 ± 1.96 μg/4 h. There was a good correlation between integrated plasma levels and urinary excretion (r = 0.92). In the same 6 volunteers, the plasma HOE 766 levels were 21.2 ± 3.0, 25.9 ± 0.8, 21.2 ± 0.9, 17.1 ± 0.7, 12.8 ± 1.1, 8.9 ± 0.4, and 5.9 ± 0.8 μg/l 20, 40, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 min after sc injection, respectively. The mean urinary excretion was 543 ± 61 μg/4 h. In two girls with precocious puberty treated during 12 to 15 months with intranasal administration of HOE 766, urinary excretion of HOE 766-like material was shown to correlate well with the degree of inhibition of plasma 17β-E2and of plasma LH and FSH responses to a GnRH challenge. Thus, monitoring of HOE 766 in urine appears to be helpful for evaluating of intranasal therapy with a GnRH analog in precocious puberty.

Urinary Excretion of Hydroxyproline after Fractures

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 853-855
Author(s):  
Mala Herzberg ◽  
Z Oberman ◽  
O Khermosh ◽  
S L Weissman
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Collagen Metabolism ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Multiple Fractures ◽  
Daily Excretion ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Urinary excretion of hydroxyproline was measured in 12 cases of multiple fractures as an index of bone collagen metabolism. Measurements were made for 10 consecutive days after injury; 10 patients with low back pain served as the control group. With three exceptions, the mean daily excretion of hydroxyproline and the day-to-day variations were within the same range in the group with multiple fractures as in the control group.

DIE AUSSCHEIDUNG VON TESTOSTERON UND EPITESTOSTERON BEI FRAUEN AM ENDE DER SCHWANGERSCHAFT

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-585
Author(s):  
K. Schollberg ◽  
E. Seiler ◽  
J. Holtorff
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Female Foetus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT The urinary excretion of testosterone and epitestosterone by women in late pregnancy has been studied. The mean values of 22 normal women in pregnancy mens X are 12.9 ± 9.2 μg/24 h in the case of testosterone and 16.1 ± 16.2 μg/24 h in the case of epitestosterone. Both values do not differ significantly from those of non-pregnant females. The excretion values of mothers bearing a male foetus (17.3 ± 8.9 μg/24 h) are higher than those of mothers with a female foetus (6.4 ± 4.8 μg/24 h). The difference is statistically significant with P = 0.01.

The relationship between microbial N synthesis and urinary excretion of purine derivatives in Dorper×thin-tailed Han crossbred sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Ma ◽  
Kaidong Deng ◽  
Chenggang Jiang ◽  
Yan Tu ◽  
Naifeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Microbial N

URINARY CATECHOLAMINE EXCRETION BY HEALTHY CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-257
Author(s):  
Mary L. Voorhess
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Urinary Catecholamine ◽  
Catecholamine Excretion ◽  
Daily Output ◽  
The Mean

There is increase in the daily urinary excretion of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid (VMA) with age. The mean output in micrograms per 24 hours for various age groups is as follows: birth to 1 year-DA 60.9 (± 24.3), NE 10.6 (± 3.4), E 1.3 (± 1.2), VMA 569 (± 309); 1 through 5 years—DA 124.1 (± 40.7), NE (18.8 ± 7.0), E 3.2 (± 2.7), VMA 1348 (± 433); 6 through 15 years—DA 169.3 (± 72.6), NE 37.4 (± 16.6), E 4.8 (± 2.4), VMA 2373 (± 698); over 15 years—DA 249.1 (± 74.9), NE 50.7 (± 15.7), E 7.1 (± 3.3), VMA 3192 (± 699). The studies suggest that the daily output of these compounds in the various age groups is similar when related to body surface area after infancy.

Purine derivatives in spot urine samples and plasma of sheep: a possible index of microbial protein supply

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 ◽  
pp. 5-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. B. Chen ◽  
Adriana T. Mejia ◽  
D. J. Kyle ◽  
E. R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Alternative Index ◽  
Protein Supply

In ruminants, daily urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) reflects the absorption of microbial purines and can be used as an index of microbial protein supply (Chen, Ørskov and Hovell, 1991). The application could be extended to farm conditions if measurements based on spot urine samples or plasma could serve as an alternative index. The objective of this study was to examine whether PD concentrations in spot urine or plasma samples vary diurnally during a given feeding regime and if they reflect differences in daily PD excretion induced by varying feed intake.

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