Antecedents of Adolescent Pregnancy

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Wilson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Child Guidance

SummaryThe recognition of which girls are at risk of becoming pregnant before the age of 16 years is of interest to legal, educational, social and medical services. In this paper a large amount of data, available for a total population of schoolgirls, has been used to show that prediction is indeed possible. It was found that compared to a group of girls matched on a number of sociodemographic characteristics, those who became pregnant during adolescence were more likely to have been academic underachievers at age 11, to have made an appearance in a juvenile court, and to have been referred to a child guidance or psychiatric clinic at an early age. Difficulties over matching also suggest that they are more likely to have five or more siblings, to be illegitimate and to have mothers who were themselves teenagers at the time of their daughter's birth.

Penyelidikan KLB keracunan makanan acara ruwahan di desa Mulo, Gunung Kidul provinsi DIY

2018 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mur Prasetyaningrum ◽  
Z. Chomariyah ◽  
Trisno Agung Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Population At Risk ◽  
E Coli

Tujuan: Studi ini untuk mengetahui gambaran KLB keracunan pangan yang terjadi di desa Mulo menurut deskripsi epidemiologi, faktor risiko dan penyebab KLB keracunan makanan. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan studi analitik case control, dimana kasus adalah orang yang mengalami sakit pada tanggal 7 - 8 Mei 2017, tinggal di desa Mulo dan mengkonsumsi makanan olahan dari bapak S dan K. Instrument menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil: KLB terjadi di Desa Mulo RT 5 dan 6 dengan jumlah kasus sebanyak 18 orang dari total population at risk 112 orang dengan gejala utama diare (100%), mual (72,2%), demam (66,6%), pusing (66,6%) dan muntah (50%). Dari diagnosa banding menurut gejala, masa inkubasi dan agent penyebab keracunan, kecurigaan kontaminasi bakteri mengarah pada E. Coli (ETEC). Masa inkubasi 1-16 jam (rata-rata 9 jam) dan common source curve. Penyaji makanan ada dua (pak K dan pak S). Dari perhitungan AR, berdasarkan sumber makanan mengarah pada makanan dari pak S (AR=42,8%). Bedasarkan menu, perhitungan OR dan CI 95 % jenis makanan yang dicurigai sebagai penyebab KLB adalah urap/gudangan (OR=4,33; p value0,0071) dan sayur lombok (OR=6,31; p value 0,0071). Sampel yang didapatkan adalah sampel air bersih, feses, dan muntahan penderita, sampel makanan tidak didapatkan karena keterlambatan informasi dari masyarakat. Hasil laboratorium, Total Coliform sampel air bersih melebihi ambang batas, sampel feses dan muntahan mengandung bakteri Klebsiella pneumonia.Simpulan: Terdapat 3 (tiga) faktor yang diduga sebagai penyebab keracunan pada warga Desa Mulo yaitu air bersih untuk mengolah makanan tercemar bakteri patogen, pengolahan makanan tidak hygienis dan penyajian makanan pada suhu ruang lebih dari 1 jam.

Prevalence of behavioral and emotional problems in children at-risk for learning difficulties

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 326-326
Author(s):  
K. Mehrotra ◽  
S. Ahamad Manzur ◽  
Y.P. Ooi ◽  
C.G. Lim ◽  
D.S.S. Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Behavioral And Emotional Problems ◽  
T Score ◽  
Clinical Concern ◽  
Child Psychiatric

IntroductionStudies have shown that children with learning difficulties are likely to demonstrate a host of shared behavioral and emotional problems that affect their daily functioning.Objectives/AimsThe goal of this study was to examine profiles of behavioral and emotional problems in children at risk for Learning Disorders (LD) and Communication Disorders (COMM), without intellectual disabilities.MethodData on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) of 52 participants (4–12 years old) at-risk for LD and 52 age- and gender- matched participants at-risk for COMM were obtained from the archival records of a local outpatient child psychiatric clinic. For all CBCL scales, T scores ranging from 65 to 69 are in the borderline clinical range, whereas a T score of 70 and above are in the clinical range. T scores of below 65 are considered as non-clinical. For the purposes of this study, a T score of 65 and above for the CBCL syndromes indicated the problem to be of clinical concern.ResultsA total of 51.9% of these children had at least one problem of clinical concern, with Attention Problems (LD: 36.5% vs. COMM: 17.3%), Social Problems (LD: 21.2% vs. COMM: 30.8%), and Withdrawn/Depressed (LD: 23.1% vs. COMM: 26.9%) syndromes being commonly reported. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups on the CBCL syndromes.ConclusionsFindings from the study suggest that children with any form of learning difficulties demonstrate high prevalence of behavioral and emotional problems, suggesting possible comorbidities such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity and Depression.

Development of a group of robotic tools that comprehensively support healthy independent walking of the elderly

Impact ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (10) ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Tomotaka Ito
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Total Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Robotic Tools

It is well documented that in Japan, the population is ageing rapidly. Indeed, people aged 65 and older already make up one-quarter of the country's total population, and this is expected to reach one-third by the year 2036. The health and wellbeing of the elderly is at risk, with a burden of chronic illness in the older population, as well as issues associated with decreased mobility and increased likelihood of falls. Tomotaka Ito, based at Shizuoka University, Japan is working to develop a group of robotic tools to support the elderly to walk independently and live full and healthy lives. Ito's research involves exploring innovative ways to assist the elderly in living independent and fully functional lives. He is doing this through robotic tools that can help with day-to-day activities such as walking and help to prevent falls.

Understanding the Role of Neighborhood Typology and Sociodemographic Characteristics on Time to Recidivism Among Adjudicated Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1079-1096
Author(s):  
Christina A. Campbell ◽  
Ashlee Barnes ◽  
Jordan Papp ◽  
Christopher D’amato ◽  
Valerie R. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Adjudicated Youth ◽  
And Gender

This study examined the effect of neighborhood disadvantage and criminogenic risk on juvenile recidivism. The sample included 893 youths involved in the delinquency/formal probation division of one Midwestern county juvenile court between 2004 and 2010. Juveniles were classified into one of three neighborhood typologies (i.e., Distressed/Disadvantage, Resilient/Mixed, Benchmark/Advantaged) based on the socioeconomic conditions in their neighborhoods. Survival models revealed that when examining the effect of neighborhood type, youth who lived in Resilient/Mixed neighborhoods, characterized by having the most transient residents, yet high graduation rates, were at greatest risk of recidivism. However, neighborhood effects disappeared after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and criminogenic risk. Although there was no significant interaction between neighborhood and risk group classification, there was a significant interaction between risk group, age, and gender. These findings suggest the need for advanced statistical models that can disentangle the conflated effects of socioeconomic conditions and sociodemographic characteristics.

Sickness absence and disability pension days in patients with cluster headache and matched references

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (21) ◽  
pp. e2213-e2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Sjöstrand ◽  
Kristina Alexanderson ◽  
Pontus Josefsson ◽  
Anna Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Specialized Health Care

ObjectiveTo determine whether patients with cluster headache have more sickness absence and disability pension days compared to matched references and possible associations with sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsWe performed a registry study of all patients who had received specialized health care for cluster headache (ICD-10 code G44.0) aged 16–64 years and living in Sweden in 2010 (n = 3,240; 34% women) and matched references from the total population (n = 16,200) regarding their sickness absence and disability pension days in 2010.ResultsMean number of sickness absence days in 2010 was 16.13 (95% confidence interval, 14.05–18.20) among patients with cluster headache and 6.54 (5.97–7.11) among references. When combining sickness absence and disability pension days, patients with cluster headache had 63.15 (58.84–67.45) days, references 34.08 (32.59–35.57) days. Among patients, women had twice as many sickness absence days than men: 23.71 (19.36–28.06) vs 12.41 (10.19–14.63). When adding disability pension days, those numbers were 83.71 (75.57–91.84) vs 52.56 (47.62–57.51). Patients with cluster headache had significantly more sickness absence days in all ages compared to the reference group. Patients with elementary education had more sickness absence/disability pension days (85.88 [75.34–96.42]) compared to those with high school (64.89 [58.82–70.97]) and college/university (41.42 [34.70–48.15]) education.ConclusionThis nationwide study shows that patients with cluster headache have significantly more sickness absence and disability pension days compared to matched references. Furthermore, among patients, women had more sickness absence and disability pension days than men.

A California Multidisciplinary Juvenile Court: Serving Sexually Exploited and At-Risk Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandi D. Liles ◽  
Dawn M. Blacker ◽  
Jenny L. Landini ◽  
Anthony J. Urquiza
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
At Risk Youth

Air medical services at risk

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 286-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl J. Erler ◽  
Cheryl Bagley Thompson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Medical Services

scholarly journals Predicting the Environmental Suitability and Population at Risk of Podoconiosis in Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kebede Deribe ◽  
Hope Simpson ◽  
Rachel L. Pullan ◽  
Mbonigaba Jean Bosco ◽  
Samuel Wanji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Population At Risk ◽  
Environmental Suitability

AbstractBackgroundPodoconiosis is a type of tropical lymphedema that causes massive swelling of the lower limbs. The disease is associated with both economic insecurity, due to long-term morbidity-related loss of productivity, and intense social stigma. The geographical distribution and burden of podoconiosis in Africa is uncertain.MethodsWe applied statistical modelling to the most comprehensive database compiled to date to predict the environmental suitability of podoconiosis in the African continent. By combining climate and environmental data and overlaying population figures, we predicted the suitability and human population at risk.ResultsIn Africa, environmental suitability for podoconiosis was predicted in 29 countries. By 2020, the total population in areas suitable for podoconiosis was estimated at 114.5 million people, (95% confidence interval: 109.4-123.9) with 16.9 million in areas suitable for both lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis. Of the total 5,712 implementation units defined by WHO in Africa, 1,655 (29.0%) were found to be environmentally suitable for podoconiosis. The majority of IUs with high environmental suitability are located in Angola (80 IUs), Cameroon (170 IUs), the DRC (244 IUs), Ethiopia (495 IUs), Kenya (217 IUs), Uganda (116 IUs) and Tanzania (112 IUs). Of the 1,655 environmental suitable IUs, 960 (58.0%) require more detailed community-level mappingConclusionsOur estimates provide key evidence of the population at risk and geographical extent of podoconiosis in Africa, which will help decision-makers to better plan more integrated intervention programmes.

scholarly journals Elder Abandonment in Mexico: Unattended public health problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Aura Cristina Gómez-Cardenas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Population Pyramid ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Physical Consequences

Aging is occurring at a speed higher than that experienced historically by the developed countries. Older population will grow three times faster than the growth rate of the total population. The largest increases will happen in countries that do not now show the highest percentages of people over the age of 60, as in the case of Brazil, Mexico and the Dominican Republic. However, in countries like Honduras and Paraguay this population grows at higher rates with respect to other countries. Public health in Mexico and Latin America faces the challenge of reforming health systems in a way that they can face a double burden of disease, represented by the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and their complications, in addition to the persistence of transferable infectious diseases and those associated with nutritional problems. For this reason, the perception of abandonment of the older adults, it is appropriate to define some concepts implicit in the sociodemographic characteristics that are reflected in the statistics of each Latin American country and especially in Mexico, because their population pyramid is increasing with this age-specific disease, generating that due to multiple economic and physical consequences, among others, abandonment becomes a consequence frequently neglected.

scholarly journals Experiences of violence in daily life among adults in California: a population-representative survey

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Garen J. Wintemute ◽  
Amanda J. Aubel ◽  
Rocco Pallin ◽  
Julia P. Schleimer ◽  
Nicole Kravitz-Wirtz
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Personal Knowledge ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Ownership Status ◽  
Community Environments ◽  
Knowledge Of Persons

Abstract Background Research on violence exposure emphasizes discrete acute events such as direct and witnessed victimization. Little is known about the broad range of experiences of violence (EVs) in daily life. This study assesses the prevalence and patterns of distribution of 6 EVs in an adult general population. Methods California state-representative survey administered online (English and Spanish), July 14–27, 2020. Adult (age ≥ 18 years) California resident members of the Ipsos KnowledgePanel were eligible to participate. Two EVs concerned community environments: (1) the occurrence of gunshots and shootings in the neighborhood and (2) encounters with sidewalk memorials where violent deaths occurred. Four concerned social networks: direct personal knowledge of individuals who (1) had purposefully been shot by someone else or (2) had purposefully shot themselves, and direct personal knowledge of individuals whom respondents perceived to be at risk of violence, either (3) to another person or (4) to themselves. Main outcome measures, expressed as weighted percentages with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were the prevalence and extent (or dose) of each EV and of EVs in combination and associations between EVs and respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics and firearm ownership status. Results Of 2870 respondents (57% completion rate), 52.3% (95% CI 49.5–55.0%) were female; mean [SD] age was 47.9 [16.9] years. Nearly two-thirds (64.6%, 95% CI 61.9–67.3%) reported at least 1 EV; 11.4% (95% CI 9.7–13.2%) reported 3 or more. Gender was not associated with the prevalence of any experience. Non-owners of firearms who lived with owners reported more extensive EVs through social networks than did firearm owners or non-owners in households without firearms. Knowledge of people who had been shot by others was most common among Black respondents, 31.0% (95% CI 20.9–43.3%) of whom knew 2 or more such persons. Knowledge of people who had shot themselves was greatest among respondents aged ≥ 60 years, but knowledge of persons perceived to be at risk of violence to themselves was greatest among respondents aged 18–29 years. Conclusions and relevance Experiences of violence in daily life are widespread. They occur in sociodemographic patterns that differ from those for direct victimization and suggest new opportunities for research and intervention.

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