Fat content and fatty acids profile of colostrum and milk of primitive Konik horses (Equus caballus gmelini Ant.) during six months of lactation

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Pikul ◽  
Jacek Wójtowski ◽  
Romualda Danków ◽  
Beata Kuczyńska ◽  
Jacek Łojek
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Equus Caballus ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile

The effect of the stage of lactation, the number of foals and age of the mare on changes in the fat content and fatty acid composition of colostrum and milk of primitive Konik horses was investigated. Colostrum and milk samples from 12 lactating mares were collected at the beginning of lactation, on the days 1 and 2 after foaling and then, starting from the first month of lactation, at 4-week intervals up to the sixth month of lactation. Significant differences were observed in fat content as well as the composition of some analysed fatty acids between colostrum and milk of mares of the Konik breed. The number of foalings and the age of mares did not have a statistically significant effect on the fat content in milk and had only a slight effect on the fatty acid composition. Milk produced by mares of the Konik breed is characterized by a considerable content of polyene fatty acids with 18 carbon atoms, a low ratio of n-6 fatty acids to n-3 fatty acids as well as low, highly advantageous values of atherogenic and thrombogenic indices.

scholarly journals Changes of the fatty acid composition of sprouts during germination

2010 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Melinda-Rita Márton ◽  
Sándor Szép ◽  
Zsolt Mándoki ◽  
Melinda Tamás ◽  
Salamon Rozália Veronika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fat Content

During our research we studied the fat content and fatty acid composition during the germination and sprouting periods of the most important sprouts: wheat, lentil, alfalfa, radish and sunflower seed. In this article we present our research results during this sprouting study. The concentration of the saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid, stearic acid) decreased, the concentration of the unsaturated fatty acids increased during germination, but the tendency was not so high than was published in the literature.

scholarly journals Infant intake of fatty acids from human milk over the first year of lactation

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 979-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon R. Mitoulas ◽  
Lyle C. Gurrin ◽  
Dorota A. Doherty ◽  
Jillian L. Sherriff ◽  
Peter E. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
First Year ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids

Despite the importance of human milk fatty acids for infant growth and development, there are few reports describing infant intakes of individual fatty acids. We have measured volume, fat content and fatty acid composition of milk from each breast at each feed over a 24h period to determine the mean daily amounts of each fatty acid delivered to the infant from breast milk at 1, 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months of lactation in five women. Daily (24h) milk production was 336·60 (sem 26·21) and 414·49 (sem 28·39) ml and milk fat content was 36·06 (sem 1·37) and 34·97 (sem 1·50) g/l for left and right breasts respectively over the course of the first year of lactation. Fatty acid composition varied over the course of the day (mean CV 14·3 (sd 7·7) %), but did not follow a circadian rhythm. The proportions (g/100g total fatty acids) of fatty acids differed significantly between mothers (P<0·05) and over the first year of lactation (P<0·05). However, amounts (g) of most fatty acids delivered to the infant over 24h did not differ during the first year of lactation and only the amounts of 18:3n-3, 22:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 delivered differed between mothers (P<0·05). Mean amounts of 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 delivered to the infant per 24h over the first year of lactation were 2·380 (sd 0·980), 0·194 (sd 0·074), 0·093 (sd 0·031) and 0·049 (sd 0·021) g respectively. These results suggest that variation in proportions of fatty acids may not translate to variation in the amount delivered and that milk production and fat content need to be considered.

COMPOSITION OF THE FATS IN PUPAE OF AGRIA AFFINIS (FALLÉN) (DIPTERA: SARCOPHAGIDAE)

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Puparium Formation

Water and fat content and the fatty acid composition of the fats of Agria affinis (Fallén) were determined over the period from mature larvae to newly emerged adults. During pupation the insects lost about 30% of their larval weight; 85% of this was water and 7% was fat. The loss was most rapid during puparium formation and for 2 or 3 days thereafter. In the fat, the concentrations of 14 carbon fatty acids and stearic acid remained constant; the concentrations of palmitic, palmitoleic, and oleic acids decreased by about 3, 8, and 4% respectively; and the concentrations of linoleic and erucic acids increased 11 and 3% respectively.

Performance, pork quality and fatty acid composition of entire males, surgically castrated or immunocastrated males, and female pigs reared under organic system

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Grela ◽  
E. Kowalczuk-Vasilev ◽  
R. Klebaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Pig Production

Abstract This study was carried out on the farm specializing in organic pig production on 80 fatteners of the Polish native Pulawska breed, allocated into 4 groups (20 pigs each): EM - entire (uncastrated) males, IM - immunocastrates - males vaccinated with ImprovacR, CM - surgically castrated males and G - gilts. The highest average daily gains were achieved by the IM group, slightly lower by EM, whereas the lowest by CM and G groups. Content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in intramuscular fat and backfat (10.19% and 10.68%, respectively) of IM was lower (P ≤ 0.05) than in fat of EM (11.4% and 13.20%, respectively), but higher (P ≤ 0.05) in comparison to CM (8.43% and 8.71%, respectively). Vaccination of boars against GnRH has not decreased quality traits of organically produced pork. Furthermore, comparing to meat from surgically castrated males, it resulted in better qualities (lower fat content in carcass, higher PUFA level in fat, better physicochemical meat properties).

scholarly journals Relationships Between Fat and Cholesterol Contents and Fatty Acid Composition in Different Meat-Producing Animal Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-385
Author(s):  
Violeta Razmaitė ◽  
Artūras Šiukščius ◽  
Rūta Šveistienė ◽  
Saulius Bliznikas ◽  
Virginija Jatkauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the relationships between intramuscular fat, cholesterol contents and fatty acid composition in the muscles of different animal species. Intramuscular fat, cholesterol and fatty acid composition in 207 muscle samples from 129 animals of different species (pigs, beef cattle, farmed red deer, horses and geese) were determined and analysed. The obtained results indicated unequal relations between intramuscular fat and cholesterol contents and fatty acid proportions in the muscles of different animal species. The increase of intramuscular fat content resulted in higher monounsaturated and lower polyunsaturated fatty acid contents in most muscles of meat producing animals. In all the species higher fatness did not show any increase in cholesterol content and also cholesterol contents were lower as fat increased in m. semimembranosus of pigs and m. pectoralis profundus of horses. The cholesterol content positively correlated with saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the longissimus muscle with the lowest fat content found in red deer and beef cattle, whereas the correlations between these measures were negative in m. pectoralis profundus of horses and the breast of goose containing high fat levels. Negative correlations between polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol content were found in the longissimus muscle of red deer and cattle, whereas these correlations in goose breast and horse meat were positive.

scholarly journals Effect of mare’s breed on the fatty acid composition of milk fat

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pietrzak-Fiećko ◽  
R. Tomczyński ◽  
A. Świstowska ◽  
Z. Borejszo ◽  
E. Kokoszko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The Impact

Gas chromatography and IDF Standard method (1999) were used to analyze the fatty acid composition of milk fat of mares originating from the following breeds: 10 of Wielkopolska breed, 10 Konik Polski Horses, and 9 Polish Cold-blooded Horses. Eighty-seven mare’s milk samples were collected in the years 2000–2002. Unsaturated fatty acids were shown to prevail in the milk fat of mares of Wielkopolska breed (61.32%) and of Konik Polski mares (52.58%) whereas saturated acids prevailed in the milk fat of Cold Blooded mares (54.95%). The study revealed that the fatty acid composition of the investigated groups of mares was breed-specific. Of course, the impact of other uncontrolled factors such as nutrition is not excluded, either.

scholarly journals Circulating Non-Esterified Fatty Acids as Biomarkers for Fat Content and Composition in Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Marc Tor ◽  
Francesca Vilaró ◽  
Roger Ros-Freixedes ◽  
Javier Álvarez-Rodríguez ◽  
Lluís Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Fasting Duration ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

Circulating non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) can reflect the composition of dietary fat or adipose tissues depending on the fasting conditions. Therefore, circulating NEFA may be valuable as biomarkers for meat quality traits, such as intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition in finishing pigs. Genetic variants that regulate lipid metabolism can also modulate the circulating NEFA. We conducted an experiment with 150 heavy Duroc pigs to evaluate fluctuations in the circulating NEFA composition due to age, fasting duration and two genetic polymorphisms, one in the leptin receptor (LEPR; rs709596309) and one in the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD; rs80912566) gene. Circulating NEFA were more saturated and less monounsaturated than the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues. Absolute circulating NEFA content was more influenced by fasting duration than age. The SCD polymorphism did not impact NEFA content or composition. The LEPR polymorphism affected the content but not the fatty acid composition. Circulating oleic acid NEFA content after a short fasting was positively correlated with intramuscular fat content and, after a long fasting, with intramuscular oleic acid content. We conclude that circulating NEFA reflect environmental and genetic metabolic changes but are of limited value as biomarkers for intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition.

A note on the genetic variation in the fatty acid composition of cow milk

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Edwards ◽  
J. W. B. King ◽  
I. M. Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
High Degree

SUMMARYThe fatty acid composition of milk samples from Ayrshire twin cows was determined. The results were in general agreement with those reported by other workers. Comparisons between the variation within pairs of one and two-egg twins showed that the proportions of different fatty acids are subject to a high degree of genetic control.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition including trans-fatty acids in salty snack foods from Serbian market

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmina Timic ◽  
Ivana Djuricic ◽  
Danijela Ristic-Medic ◽  
Sladjana Sobajic
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Baked Products ◽  
Salty Snack ◽  
Snack Products

The rapid increase in the consumption of salty snack products has led to increased concern about their composition and nutritional value. The aim of this study was to investigate the fat content and fatty acid profile in salty snack products from the Serbian market. A total of 58 different snack products from 3 categories (Baked products, Chips & flips products, Cereal products) were analyzed. The fatty acid composition was determined using gas chromatography. Total fat content ranged from 3.1 % in expanded rice to 35.7 % in potato chips. Palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids constituted > 80 % of all fatty acids (FAs) in categories Baked products and Chips & flips. Linoleic acid was more abundant in the category Cereal products (15.5?49.3 %). The trans-FAs elaidic (C18:1 - 9t) and linolelaidic FAs (18:2 - 9t, 12t) were identified in 66 % of the products. The flips products had the highest average t-FAs content (16.3 %), followed by flips group (9.3 %). Potential t-FAs intake from 100 g of analyzed products was in range 0.1?4.9 g. This study provided a large database on saturated fatty acids and t-FAs content in salty snack products and indicated that by consuming only one package of some products, the t-FAs intake could surpass the recommended maximum of 1 % of daily energy.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of milk from Teteven nativ sheep in mountain region

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1837-1843 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gerchev ◽  
A. Mileva ◽  
N. Naydenova ◽  
I. Yankov ◽  
G. Mihaylova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Sheep Milk

The study was performed on individual milk samples obtained on the monthly basis during the lactation period from 5 Teteven sheep reared in the Sredna Stara Planina mountain region. The fat extraction of milk samples was done by the Rose-Gottlieb method. Fatty acid composition was determined on a gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector and capillary column. The trends in fatty acid concentrations in sheep milk during the lactation were variable. The proportion of saturated fatty acids in Teteven sheep milk during the lactation was relatively high and varied from 70.34 to 72.19%. Variations in myristic acid concentrations by months were not significant (11.49-11.83%). The total amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the studied milk was relatively low and with similar values for the 4 months spent on pastures (3.78-4.11%). For this period, monounsaturated fatty acids, represented mainly by oleic acid (S18:1) decreased from 25.76 to 24.20%. The short-chain fatty acid concentrations were the highest in milk samples obtained in April and May, of medium-chain ones - in June and July, whereas long-chain fatty acids concentrations were similar over the grazing period.

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