scholarly journals Tolstoy, Universalism and the World Religions

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL MOULIN
Keyword(s):  
Primary Sources ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
World Congress ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Non Fiction ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The World ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

Leo Tolstoy was one of the most prolific religious figures of his time. Yet his religious thought and its influence have seldom been explored by church historians. Drawing upon themes within his literature, non-fiction and previously unconsidered primary sources, this paper considers Tolstoy's religious position in relation to other similar nineteenth-century religious movements. It exposes Tolstoy's links with British Unitarians and also considers Tolstoy's influence upon the founder of Britain's first interfaith organisation, the World Congress of Faiths. It is argued that Tolstoy provides a paradigmatic example by which to examine the relationship between the legacy of the Enlightenment and changing attitudes towards non-Christian religions.

Jewish Mysticism

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Elior
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
Jewish Mysticism ◽  
Alternative Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Mysticism is one of the central sources of inspiration of religious thought. It is an attempt to decode the mystery of divine existence by penetrating to the depths of consciousness through language, memory, myth, and symbolism. By offering an alternative perspective on the world that gives expression to yearnings for freedom and change, mysticism engenders new modes of authority and leadership; as such it plays a decisive role in moulding religious and social history. For all these reasons, the mystical corpus deserves study and discussion in the framework of cultural criticism and research. This book is a lyrical exposition of the Jewish mystical phenomenon. Its purpose is to present the meanings of the mystical works as they were perceived by their creators and readers. At the same time, it contextualizes them within the boundaries of the religion, culture, language, and spiritual and historical circumstances in which the destiny of the Jewish people has evolved. The book conveys the richness of the mystical experience in discovering the infinity of meaning embedded in the sacred text and explains the multivalent symbols. It illustrates the varieties of the mystical experience from antiquity to the twentieth century. The translations of texts communicate the mystical experiences vividly and make it easy for the reader to understand how the book uses them to explain the relationship between the revealed world and the hidden world and between the mystical world and the traditional religious world, with all the social and religious tensions this has caused.

3. Blasphemy and religion

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-67
Author(s):  
Yvonne Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Religious Violence ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Interesting Point ◽  
Community Cohesion ◽  
Civil Unrest ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

‘Blasphemy and religion’ evaluates the concept of blasphemy in religion, looking at the common theme emerging across the world religions. In Islam, ‘blasphemy’ is about protecting the community from fitnah (civil unrest). In Hinduism and Buddhism, it is about preventing adharma (non-dharma or anti-dharma). In the Bible, blasphemy is a crime of lèse-majesté, concerned with protecting the dignity of socially revered gods and men. In each case, blasphemy is social, political, and religious, and prohibiting blasphemy is about protecting community cohesion. The relationship between blasphemy and religious violence and the concept of inner-religious blasphemy is an interesting point of discussion here.

Puritan Radicalism and the Enlightenment

1960 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
George L. Mosse
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
World View ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious Truth ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The World ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between Christianity and the Enlightenment presents a subtle and difficult problem. No historian has as yet fully answered the important question of how the world view of the eighteenth century is related to that of traditional Christianity. It is certain, however, that the deism of that century rejected traditional Christianity as superstitious and denied Christianity a monopoly upon religious truth. The many formal parallels which can be drawn between Enlightenment and Christianity cannot obscure this fact. From the point of view of historical Christianity, both Protestant and Catholic, the faith of the Enlightenment was blasphemy. It did away with a personal God, it admitted no supernatural above the natural, it denied the relevance of Christ's redemptive task in this world. This essay attempts to discover whether traditional Christian thought itself did not make a contribution to the Enlightenment.

Geography of Religion

1998 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Liudmyla O. Fylypovych
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Natural Factor ◽  
Geography Of Religion ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Retrospect ◽  
The Relationship

The geography of religions is one of the religious sciences, which is intended to study the spatial pattern of the process of the origin and distribution of different religions, to give a modern religious map of the world and statistical data on the spread of different religions, to predict the prospects of changing confessions in the territorial configuration of their activities. Within this science, the role of the natural factor in the emergence and distribution of religions of a certain denominational certainty in different countries and continents is explored, the autochthonality of certain religious entities of certain geographical regions is revealed, it turns out in the historical retrospect of the appearance of other religions there and, accordingly, the fate of local currents, the spread world religions, the conditions of origin and ways of possible overcoming of inter-confessional and interreligious confrontation are considered, the relationship between ethnic and religious denominations in religious mobility is revealed, mapping of religions is carried out.

The Jesuits and the Enlightenment

2018 ◽  
pp. 854-890
Author(s):  
Joan-Pau Rubiés
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Authority ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Accommodation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

How we think of the relationship between the Jesuits and the Enlightenment largely depends on how we conceptualize the latter. This chapter addresses it as a series of debates conducted in the context of a cosmopolitan Republic of Letters, and a number of specific cultural practices that made that very Republic possible. The Jesuits were, therefore, participants in, rather than enemies of, the Enlightenment. Because they combined theological conservatism with cultural modernity, the Jesuits were feared and resented with particular vehemence. Placed between two different modernities, one characterized by global structures of communication and learning, as well as by the practices of cultural accommodation, the other by the attack on superstition and religious authority, the Jesuits helped create the conditions for the Enlightenment, making important but paradoxical contributions to some of its central debates. Nowhere was this more obvious than in the impact of missionary ethnographies concerning the “Gentile” pagan peoples of the world.

scholarly journals Claude Vivier and Karlheinz Stockhausen : moments from a double portrait

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Karlheinz Stockhausen ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The World ◽  
Autobiographical Note ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
German Composer ◽  
Widespread View

Abstract That Karlheinz Stockhausen played a crucial role in the musical development of the young Claude Vivier is beyond question. In an autobiographical note written in 1975, Vivier noted: “Born in Montreal in 1948. Born to music with Gilles Tremblay in 1968. Born to composition with Stockhausen in 1972. Indeed, the widespread view is that, during the years he studied formally with Stockhausen at the Hochschule für Musik in Cologne (1972-74), Vivier hero-worshipped the German composer. Widely regarded as one of the leading figures of the international musical avant-garde, Stockhausen had held for two decades a position that, by the time Vivier began formal studies with him, was under assault. The whole system of values for which he stood, musical and otherwise, was being questioned to its foundations, even, in some quarters, reviled and demonised. The relationship between the young Vivier and his distinguished teacher is therefore a complex one. While Vivier evidently fell powerfully under the sway of Stockhausen’s music and ideas and his charismatic and domineering personality, this article explores the effect on him of the changing attitudes toward Stockhausen as the 1970s wore on. This article attempts to paint the complex relationship between the two men, focusing on the years of their closest contact – 1971-1974 – a time when both they and the world around them were undergoing profound transformation.

scholarly journals D.T. Suzuki at the World Congress of Faiths in 1936

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 135-160
Author(s):  
Tomoe Moriya
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
World Congress ◽  
The West ◽  
Mahayana Buddhism ◽  
The World ◽  
Mahāyāna Buddhism

Abstract This paper examines the speeches that D.T. Suzuki presented at the World Congress of Faiths in London in 1936 and analyzes his interactions with Buddhists, sympathizers, and critics in the West during the interwar period. It will uncover how various reactions and historical contexts constructed Suzuki’s discourses, which prepared Suzuki for popularizing Zen in postwar Western countries. Compared to his early years and post-1949 lectures in the United States, as well as his English publications on Mahayana Buddhism, his half-year journey through Europe in 1936 is understudied. With limited access to primary sources in Japanese and English, previous studies tended to label him a “nationalist.” Instead, I analyze Suzuki’s discourses and other newly discovered primary sources from a historical perspective. Through this analysis, this paper will clarify Suzuki’s scheme to present Mahayana Buddhism, particularly Zen, to Westerners during the interwar period.

scholarly journals The typology of rubies and their industrial significance

2022 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
N.G. Barnov ◽  
V.V. Shchiptsov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Genetic Classification ◽  
Commercial Exploitation ◽  
The World ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Relationship

Information on the International Genetic Classification of Noble Corundum is given. The scheme of location of the main deposits and occurrences of ruby-bearing complexes of the world is attached: 1 – magmatic; 2 – metamorphogenic; 3 – sedimentary (residual ancient crusts of chemical weathering, alluvial and dealluvial-alluvial placers). The location of ruby objects is shown, including the largest areas of depleted, currently operating and promising for the near future ruby deposits in 36 countries around the world. The main typological features of rubies are described. It is emphasized that all properties of rubies are determined by their primary indigenous origin. The typology of rubies is based on the principles of the relationship between magmatism and metamorphism in the formation of the groups under consideration. Hydroblasting and selective crushing methods for mining of corundum-bearing complexes are characterised. The trend towards increased research into the commercial exploitation of the primary sources of ruby-bearing complexes is highlighted. In countries with highly developed mining industries, underground mining is the main way to extract gemstones.

The Importance of Jacques Saurin in the History of Casuistry and the Enlightenment

1956 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-209
Author(s):  
George L. Mosse
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Scientific Inspiration

The purpose of this paper is to examine several aspects of the relationship between Christianity and the rise of the new rationalistic spirit of the eighteenth century. It is in this connection that we intend to examine the thought of the French Huguenot preacher Jacques Saurin (1677–1730). Historians have held that the two leading ideas of that century, Nature and Reason, derive their meaning from the natural sciences. Such a point of view tends to ignore the greater realism towards nature and politics which developed within the Christian theological framework itself. From the sixteenth century on, we find orthodox theologians emphasizing the need for dealing with the world on its own terms. It was not so much the new sciences but rather the conflicts of the Reformation which brought out this increasingly rational attitude on the part of both Protestant and Catholic theologians. This development went on side by side with that secularized idea of reason which is of specific scientific inspiration. The means which theologians used to make room for a greater realism in their Christian framework of thought was casuistic divinity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document