scholarly journals The protective action of some amino-acids against the effect of heat on complement

1953 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Pig Serum

1. Glycine, alanine, and several isomers of alanine, DL-glutamic acid and DL-aspartic acid, when added to fresh guinea-pig serum and allowed to stand on the bench for half an hour, will protect the complement of this serum from destruction by heating at 55 and 56° C. for half an hour, but most of the complement activity is destroyed by heating at 57° C. and it is completely destroyed at 58° C. after half an hour.2. Derivatives of glycine do not have any protective effect.3. Various substances of high molecular weight, that might be described as ‘protective colloids’ do not have any protective effect.4. How these amino-acids when added to serum alter the heat-lability of the complement is not understood.

Fifth component of complement (C5)-derived high-molecular-weight macrophage chemotactic factor in normal guinea pig serum

Inflammation ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Kukita ◽  
Tetsuro Yamamoto ◽  
Tetsu Kawaguchi ◽  
Takeshi Kambara
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Chemotactic Factor ◽  
Pig Serum

THE TERMINAL AMINO ACIDS OF WHEAT GLIADIN

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1463-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Ramachandran ◽  
W. B. McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Wheat Gliadin ◽  
Terminal Amino

Wheat gliadin has been found by two different methods to contain three N-terminal histidine residues for each molecular weight of 27,000. Trace amounts of N-terminal aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, valine, and serine were also detected in the preparation used. Hydrolysis in boiling hydrochloric acid partially destroyed the di-2,4-dinitrophenyl derivative of histidine. Losses of from 5% to 25% occurred depending upon the time and conditions of hydrolysis. Carboxypeptidase did not release free amino acids from wheat gliadin but qualitative evidence for the occurrence of C-terminal glutamic acid and C-terminal "leucine" was obtained.

Neuronal depressant effects of diethylester derivatives of excitatory amino acids

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1387-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. MacDonald ◽  
A. Nistri ◽  
A. L. Padjen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Firing Rate ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acids ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Field Stimulation ◽  
Spinal Interneurones ◽  
Depressant Action ◽  
Derivatives Of

The effect of iontophoretically applied kainic acid diethylester (KDEE) on the firing rate of feline spinal interneurones was investigated and compared with the action of glutamic acid diethylester (GDEE) and aspartic acid diethylester (ADEE). All these esters reversibly reduced spontaneous neuronal firing and increased spike height, KDEE being the most active of this group. KDEE decreased responses to glutamate, acetylcholine, and peripheral field stimulation, showing that its depressant action is not due to a selective antagonism of an excitatory putative transmitter.

Quantitative Aminosäuren-Analysen an Mutanten des Tabakmosaikvirus

1958 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Aach
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
P Values ◽  
Protein Shell

The amino-acids of the TMV-wildstrain vulgare, a series of four sequential mutants of it, and of the TMV-wildstrain dahlemense and one mutant of the last were quantitavely estimated by the paper chromatographic method of LEVY. The average values of the Beckman-readings for every amino-acid of the seven strains are given in table I. It could be shown statistically that there was no difference between different preparations of the same strain harvested at various times of the year. There were large differences in the content of eight amino-acids between the two wildstrains, but in addition small yet significant differences between the mutants (see table 4 and 5 for P-values). - If a molecular weight of some 16 000 is accepted for the peptid chain, the repeating subunit of the TMV protein shell, we found parallel with the mutation vulgare ➝ flavum two aspartic acid substituents replaced by one alanine and one valine per chain; with the mutation step flavum. ➝ necans one alanine was changed to one phenylalanine, with necans ➝ revirescens one valin lost and one aspartic acid gained, and with dahlemense ➝ luridum one glutamic acid replaced by one leucine (table 6).

scholarly journals Further observations on the Protective action of glycine against the heat-inactivation of complement with particular reference to intensification by some carbohydrates

1956 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gordon ◽  
G. C. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Protective Activity ◽  
Fourth Component

1. The protection afforded by glycine and other amino-acids to guinea-pig complement against heat-inactivation is increased in the presence of sugars, although the latter are not themselves protective.2. No significant increase in protective activity occurs in the presence of the alcohols derived from some of the sugars tested.3. A marked exception amongst the alcohols is inositol, which reinforces the protective power of glycine at least as much as do the sugars.4. The fourth component of complement is destroyed by heating at 63° C. for 30 min. It is, however, protected against heat-inactivation by glycine, and this protective effect is intensified in the presence of glucose and inositol.5. The protection afforded to serum by the presence of glycine or glycine dissolved in glucose is removed when the system is dialysed, indicating that if a complex is formed it is readily dissociable.

scholarly journals Utilization in vivo of glucose and volatile fatty acids by sheep brain for the synthesis of acidic amino acids

1966 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
R M O'Neal ◽  
R E Koeppe ◽  
E I Williams
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Sheep Brain ◽  
The Brain

1. Free glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid from glutamine and, in some instances, the glutamic acid from glutathione and the aspartic acid from N-acetyl-aspartic acid were isolated from the brains of sheep and assayed for radioactivity after intravenous injection of [2-(14)C]glucose, [1-(14)C]acetate, [1-(14)C]butyrate or [2-(14)C]propionate. These brain components were also isolated and analysed from rats that had been given [2-(14)C]propionate. The results indicate that, as in rat brain, glucose is by far the best precursor of the free amino acids of sheep brain. 2. Degradation of the glutamate of brain yielded labelling patterns consistent with the proposal that the major route of pyruvate metabolism in brain is via acetyl-CoA, and that the short-chain fatty acids enter the brain without prior metabolism by other tissue and are metabolized in brain via the tricarboxylic acid cycle. 3. When labelled glucose was used as a precursor, glutamate always had a higher specific activity than glutamine; when labelled fatty acids were used, the reverse was true. These findings add support and complexity to the concept of the metabolic; compartmentation' of the free amino acids of brain. 4. The results from experiments with labelled propionate strongly suggest that brain metabolizes propionate via succinate and that this metabolic route may be a limited but important source of dicarboxylic acids in the brain.

scholarly journals The Content of Non-essential Amino Acids in the Grains of Winter and Spring Varieties of Oats (Avena sativa L.) under the Conditions of Central Southern Bulgaria

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
T. Georgieva ◽  
P. Zorovski
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Essential Amino Acids

The purpose of this survey is to study the content of non-essential amino acids in four winter (Dunav 1, Ruse 8, Resor 1, Line M-K) and five spring (Obraztsov chiflik 4, Mina, HiFi, Novosadski golozarnest and Prista 2) cultivars of oats grown in Central Southern Bulgaria within the period from 2007 to 2009. The tested cultivars have different contents of non-essential amino acids. Dunav 1 has the highest quantity of glicine (5.12 g/100 g protein) of all the winter cultivars, Ruse 8 has the highest quantity of alanine (5.69 g/100 g protein) and Resor 1 – the highest quantity of arginine (6.14 g/100 g protein). Generally speaking, the spring cultivars have a larger quantity of glutamic acid (from 25.86 to 26.07 g/100 g protein) and proline (from 6.15 to 8.21 g/100 g protein) but a smaller quantity of glycine (from 4.68 to 4.99 g/100 g protein) compared to the winter cultivars. The naked cultivar Mina has the highest quantity of cystine (2.14 g/100 g protein), cultivar Prista 2 has the highest quantity of proline (8.21 g/100 g protein) and glutamic acid (26.07 g/100g protein) and HiFi ranks first in terms of aspartic acid (9.05 g/100 g protein), serine (5.02 g/100 g protein) and tyrosine (2.09 g/100 g protein). In the study we have also established certain relations between non-essential amino acids.

USE OF GLUTAMIC ACID-U-C14 TO DETERMINE NUTRITIONALLY ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS FOR LARVAE OF THE BLOW FLY, PHORMIA REGINA

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1229-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kasting ◽  
A. J. McGinnis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Phormia Regina ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

The production of C14O2 by third-instar larvae of the blow fly, Phormia regina Meig., after it was injected with glutamic acid-U-C14, indicates that this substrate was metabolized under these conditions. However, the nutritionally essential amino acids lysine, phenylalanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, and threonine, isolated from the injected larvae, contained little radioactivity. A low level of radioactivity in arginine, histidine, and methionine suggests that they were slowly synthesized. The nutritionally non-essential amino acids alanine, serine, aspartic acid, and proline contained large quantities of radioactivity; tyrosine and glycine were exceptions. These results, in agreement with earlier work that used glucose-U-C14, show that radioactivity data are useful for determining certain of the nutritionally essential amino acids.

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