Study of the fatty acid composition of Artemia salina cysts from Tunisia

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (7) ◽  
pp. 1795-1803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hachem Ben Naceur ◽  
Nabila Ghazali ◽  
Amel Ben Rejeb Jenhani ◽  
Mohamed Salah Romdhane
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Total Contribution

In the present study, decapsulated cysts from eleven Tunisian Artemia salina populations were analysed for their fatty acid profile. Results showed that palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1n-7), stearic (18:0), cis-vaccenic (18:1n-7), oleic (18:1n-9), linoleic (18:2n-6), linolenic (18:3n-3) and eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3) were the major fatty acids. The ratio of C16:0/C16:1 fatty acids fluctuated between 0.8 and 3.8. Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) was absent or found in trace (<0.2%) and arachidonic acids (20:4n-6) was found in higher quantity in all marine-type cysts than in freshwater-type cysts samples. Furthermore, based on the fatty acid profile of the studied Artemia salina populations, we can concluded that Sijoumi, Sahline, Bekalta, Mcheguig and El Adhibet strains could be ascribed to marine-type Artemia, whereas the population from Moknine, Sidi El Hani, Sfax, El Melah, Zarzis and Mhabeul could be categorized as freshwater-type. Principal components analysis showed that palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid and C16:0/C16:1 ratio are the most important fatty acids variable between cysts samples, with a total contribution of 68.73% relatively to the first component, whereas, for the second component, palmitic acid, cis-vaccenic acid and oleic acid, are the most important variables, with a total contribution of 56.25%. Moreover, palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid and C16:0/C16:1 ratio are the most important fatty acids which contribute to the discrimination between freshwater and marine-type Artemia; while palmitic acid, cis-vaccenic acid and oleic acids represent the major fatty acids permitting differentiation between strains from the same Artemia type, especially for freshwater-type Artemia.

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK CACING LAUT SIASIA (Sipunculus, SP) DARI PERAIRAN PANTAI PULAU NUSALAUT

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Bernita Br Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Fat Content

Background: "Siasia" is a seaworm species in the phylum that includes Sipuncula Sipunculidea class. This animal has been consumed for generations by coastal communities Nusalaut Island, central mollucas but not yet universally known. Until now there has been obtained gisi complete composition. This study aimed to identify the composition of fatty acids contained in vain fresh seaworms. Method: Seaworms vain taken from coastal waters of Negeri Titawaai and Nalahia Nusalaut Island, Central Moluccas in March 2014. The parameters analyzed include methods is sokhlet fat content and fatty acid by GC method. Result: The results showed fresh siasia fat content 1.12% of coastal waters Titawaai while 1.91% of coastal waters Nalahia. Fatty acids seaworms were identified from coastal waters Titawai  is  kaparat acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18 : 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) acid and eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5) while the fatty acids of  seaworm vain of coastal waters Nalahia include is lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid ( C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3). Conclusion: Siasia fatty acid from Titawai waters of the identified seven seas of each capsic acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1) , Stearic acid (C18: 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 5) whereas Siasia fatty acids from Nalahia's coastal waters were identified as five lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3).

FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF PHOSPHATIDYL ETHANOL-AMINE AND PHOSPHATIDYL SERINE FROM DOG BILE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. K. Misra ◽  
D. A. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis

Phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl serine extracted from dog bile have been separated by means of ammonium silicate column chromatography. Concentration of phosphatidyl serine in dog bile is about seven times higher than phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography showed that phosphatidyl ethanolamine contains about 26% palmitic acid, 18% stearic acid, 11% linoleic acid, 2% linolenic acid, 9% arachidonic acid, 3% C22:5 fatty acid, and 6% C22:6 fatty acid. The concentrations of these fatty acids observed in phosphatidyl serine are different; palmitic acid represents about 43%, stearic acid 9%, linoleic acid 24%, linolenic acid a trace amount, and arachidonic acid 5%; C22:5 and C22:6 fatty acids are absent.

scholarly journals Palmitic acid and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids dominate in mycelia of mangrove Halophytophthora and Salispina species in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Jui Su ◽  
Wen-Ting Ju ◽  
Yi-Min Chen ◽  
Michael W.L. Chiang ◽  
Sung-Yuan Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosatetraenoic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
High Production

Abstract Marine oomycetous species produce, among other fatty acids, omega-6 arachidonic acid (ARA) and omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), with implications for the industrial potential of this group of organisms and the need to find an isolate with high production. This study screened 14 isolates of marine oomycetous species: Halophytophthora avicenniae, H. batemanensis, H. exoprolifera, H. polymorphica and Salispina spinosa cultured from fallen mangrove leaves in Taiwan for 24 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in their mycelia. This paper is the first to report C18:1n-7 vaccenic acid, C20:1 eicosenoic acid, C24:1 nervonic acid, C20:2n-6 eicosadienoic acid, C22:4n-6 adrenic acid, C20:4n-3 eicosatetraenoic acid and C22:5n-3 docosapentaenoic acid in mycelia of Halophytophthora and Salispina species, and the fatty acid profiles of H. batemanensis and H. exoprolifera. Five fatty acids were dominant in the mycelia of the isolates, i.e. C16:0 palmitic acid, C18:1n-9 oleic acid, C18:2n-6 linoleic acid, C20:4n-6 arachidonic acid and C20:5n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid. For the essential fatty acids, S. spinosa produced the highest level of arachidonic acid (27–31% of total fatty acid (TFA), 141–188 mg l−1 yield) while H. avicenniae IMB212 produced the highest percentage of EPA (15% of TFA) while H. polymorphica IMB227 produced the highest yield (96 mg l−1). Different species and isolates of the same species produced different fatty acid profiles, and further research effort may yield a high production isolate of industrial significance and also important fatty acids from the marine environment.

scholarly journals A non-canonical Δ9-desaturase synthesizing palmitoleic acid identified in the thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium sp. T66

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E-Ming Rau ◽  
Inga Marie Aasen ◽  
Helga Ertesvåg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Strain Engineering ◽  
Δ9 Desaturase ◽  
Δ12 Desaturase

Abstract Thraustochytrids are oleaginous marine eukaryotic microbes currently used to produce the essential omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3). To improve the production of this essential fatty acid by strain engineering, it is important to deeply understand how thraustochytrids synthesize fatty acids. While DHA is synthesized by a dedicated enzyme complex, other fatty acids are probably synthesized by the fatty acid synthase, followed by desaturases and elongases. Which unsaturated fatty acids are produced differs between different thraustochytrid genera and species; for example, Aurantiochytrium sp. T66, but not Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21, synthesizes palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7) and vaccenic acid (C18:1 n-7). How strain T66 can produce these fatty acids has not been known, because BLAST analyses suggest that strain T66 does not encode any Δ9-desaturase-like enzyme. However, it does encode one Δ12-desaturase-like enzyme. In this study, the latter enzyme was expressed in A. limacinum SR21, and both C16:1 n-7 and C18:1 n-7 could be detected in the transgenic cells. Our results show that this desaturase, annotated T66Des9, is a Δ9-desaturase accepting C16:0 as a substrate. Phylogenetic studies indicate that the corresponding gene probably has evolved from a Δ12-desaturase-encoding gene. This possibility has not been reported earlier and is important to consider when one tries to deduce the potential a given organism has for producing unsaturated fatty acids based on its genome sequence alone. Key points • In thraustochytrids, automatic gene annotation does not always explain the fatty acids produced. • T66Des9 is shown to synthesize palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7). • T66des9 has probably evolved from Δ12-desaturase-encoding genes.

scholarly journals Fatty acid chemistry of Atrichum undulatum and Hypnum andoi

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Pejin ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisic ◽  
Marko Sabovljevic ◽  
Vele Tesevic ◽  
Vlatka Vajs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Moss Species

The fatty acid composition of the moss species Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. (Polytrichaceae) and Hypnum andoi A.J.E. Sm. (Hypnaceae) collected in winter time were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as a contribution to their chemistry. Eight fatty acids were identified in the chloroform/methanol extract 1:1 of A. undulatum (linoleic acid 26.80%, palmitic acid 22.17%, ?-linolenic acid 20.50%, oleic acid 18.49%, arachidonic acid 6.21%, stearic acid 3.34%, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid 1.52% and behenic acid 1.01%), while six fatty acids were found in the same type of extract of H. andoi (palmitic acid 63.48%, erucic acid 12.38%, stearic acid 8.08%, behenic acid 6.26%, lignoceric acid 5.16% and arachidic acid 4.64%). According to this study, the moss A. undulatum can be considered as a good source of both essential fatty acids for humans (linoleic acid and ?-linolenic acid) during the winter.

scholarly journals KOMPOSISI ASAM LEMAK CACING LAUT SIASIA (SIPUNCULUS, SP) DARI PERAIRAN PANTAI PULAU NUSALAUT

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Bernita Silaban
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Myristic Acid ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Coastal Communities

Background: "Siasia" is a seaworm species in the phylum that includes Sipuncula Sipunculidea class. This animal has been consumed for generations by coastal communities Nusalaut Island, central mollucas but not yet universally known. Until now there has been obtained gisi complete composition. This study aimed to identify the composition of fatty acids contained in vain fresh seaworms. Methods: Seaworms vain taken from coastal waters of Negeri Titawaai and Nalahia Nusalaut Island, Central Moluccas in March 2014. The parameters analyzed include methods is sokhlet fat content and fatty acid by GC method. Results: The results showed fresh siasia fat content 1.12% of coastal waters Titawaai while 1.91% of coastal waters Nalahia. Fatty acids seaworms were identified from coastal waters Titawai  is  kaparat acid (C10: 0), lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid (C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0), linolenic acid (C18: 3) acid and eicosapentaenoic (C20: 5) while the fatty acids of  seaworm vain of coastal waters Nalahia include is lauric acid (C12: 0), myristic acid (C14: 0), palmitoleic acid ( C16: 1), stearic acid (C18: 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20: 3). Conclusion: The fat content of fresh siasia sea worms is 1.12% from the waters of Titawaai beach, while 1.91% of the waters of the coast of Nalahia.

scholarly journals Changes in fatty acid levels (saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Carla Martín-Grau ◽  
Carmen Hernández-Martinez ◽  
Nuria Voltas ◽  
Josefa Canals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Total N

Abstract Background During pregnancy a high amount of fatty acids (FA) is necessary to meet foetus demands, which vary during gestation. The present study describes the changes in maternal fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy in a sample of pregnant women. Methods This is a longitudinal study of 479 pregnant women who were monitored from the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics were recorded and a serum sample was collected in each trimester. The fatty acid profile (saturated (SFA: total, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid), monounsaturated (MUFA: total, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA: total omega-6 (n-6), linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-3 (n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was analysed with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combination. Results From the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy, a significant increase in total SFA, total MUFA and total n-6 PUFA was found. (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the serum concentration of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and total n-3 PUFA decreased during gestation (p < 0.001). A statistically non-significant result was observed for the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) serum concentration between the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Significant correlations were observed between each total fatty acid concentrations of the first and third trimesters. Conclusion The circulating serum concentration of SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA increases during pregnancy, whereas essential fatty acids such as AA and EPA decrease, and DHA remains unchanged. Further research is necessary to understand the role played by FA throughout gestation.

scholarly journals Stable-Isotope-Based Labeling of Styrene-Degrading Microorganisms in Biofilters

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 4796-4804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alexandrino ◽  
Claudia Knief ◽  
André Lipski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Filter Material ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

ABSTRACT Deuterated styrene ([2H8]styrene) was used as a tracer in combination with phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis for characterization of styrene-degrading microbial populations of biofilters used for treatment of waste gases. Deuterated fatty acids were detected and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method was evaluated with pure cultures of styrene-degrading bacteria and defined mixed cultures of styrene degraders and non-styrene-degrading organisms. Incubation of styrene degraders for 3 days with [2H8]styrene led to fatty acids consisting of up to 90% deuterated molecules. Mixed-culture experiments showed that specific labeling of styrene-degrading strains and only weak labeling of fatty acids of non-styrene-degrading organisms occurred after incubation with [2H8]styrene for up to 7 days. Analysis of actively degrading filter material from an experimental biofilter and a full-scale biofilter by this method showed that there were differences in the patterns of labeled fatty acids. For the experimental biofilter the fatty acids with largest amounts of labeled molecules were palmitic acid (16:0), 9,10-methylenehexadecanoic acid (17:0 cyclo9-10), and vaccenic acid (18:1 cis11). These lipid markers indicated that styrene was degraded by organisms with aPseudomonas-like fatty acid profile. In contrast, the most intensively labeled fatty acids of the full-scale biofilter sample were palmitic acid and cis-11-hexadecenoic acid (16:1cis11), indicating that an unknown styrene-degrading taxon was present. Iso-, anteiso-, and 10-methyl-branched fatty acids showed no or weak labeling. Therefore, we found no indication that styrene was degraded by organisms with methyl-branched fatty fatty acids, such as Xanthomonas, Bacillus,Streptomyces, or Gordonia spp.

scholarly journals Recovery of Fatty Acid Composition in Mediterranean Yellowtail (Seriola dumerili, Risso 1810) fed a Fish-Oil Finishing Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4871
Author(s):  
Francesco Bordignon ◽  
Silvia Martínez-Llorens ◽  
Angela Trocino ◽  
Miguel Jover-Cerdá ◽  
Ana Tomás-Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Fa Composition

The present study evaluated the effects of wash-out on the fatty acid (FA) composition in the muscles of Mediterranean yellowtail. After 109 days during which fish were fed either a fish oil (FO)-based diet (FO 100) or a diet (FO 0) in which FO was completely substituted by vegetable oils, all fish were subjected to a wash-out with FO 100 diet for 90 days. The FA profile of muscles in fish fed FO 0 diet at the beginning of the experiment reflected that of dietary vegetable oils, rich in linoleic acid (LA), and α-linolenic acid (ALA), and was deficient in AA (arachidonic acid), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). No essential FA were fully restored in fish previously fed FO 0 diet on 45th or 90th day of wash-out. At the end of wash-out, the FA composition showed that AA, EPA, and DHA in the white muscles increased by +33%, +16%, and +43% (p < 0.001), respectively. Similarly, AA and DHA in the red muscles increased by +33% and +41% respectively, while EPA remained similar to fish fed FO 0 diet exclusively. Therefore, a 90-d wash-out can partially improve the FA profile in muscles of Mediterranean yellowtail previously fed vegetable oil-based diets.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in the fatty acid profile of milk from yaks grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luming Ding ◽  
Yupeng Wang ◽  
Michael Kreuzer ◽  
Xusheng Guo ◽  
Jiandui Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Yak Milk ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Tibetan Herders

An experiment was conducted to study the seasonal changes in the fatty acid profile of milk from yaks (Bos grunniens) when kept at altitudes of 3000 m above sea level (a.s.l.) and higher. Data and samples were collected in summer (July), autumn (September), winter (November) and spring (March) from ten lactating yaks (four in spring). The yaks grazed pastures adjacent to the farm building throughout the year. In spring only they received 0·6 kg crop by-products per day (dry matter basis). Fresh alpine grasses, available in summer and autumn, showed high concentrations of α-linolenic acid (46–51 g/100 g lipids) compared with the dry, yellow vegetation of winter and spring (16 g/100 g lipids). In autumn and summer, the milk fat had higher concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids than in winter. These polyunsaturated fatty acids were comprised of vaccenic acid, rumenic acid and α-linolenic acid, which are all considered beneficial to human health. The rare fatty acid, γ-linolenic acid, was also detected in yak milk, especially in the milk obtained in spring. The results suggest that yak milk, which is the most important basic food of the Tibetan herders, has the most favourable fatty acid profile when yaks grazed green pasture, which also corresponds to the period of highest milk production.

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