scholarly journals Changes in fatty acid levels (saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated) during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefania Aparicio ◽  
Carla Martín-Grau ◽  
Carmen Hernández-Martinez ◽  
Nuria Voltas ◽  
Josefa Canals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Total N

Abstract Background During pregnancy a high amount of fatty acids (FA) is necessary to meet foetus demands, which vary during gestation. The present study describes the changes in maternal fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy in a sample of pregnant women. Methods This is a longitudinal study of 479 pregnant women who were monitored from the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy. Data on maternal characteristics were recorded and a serum sample was collected in each trimester. The fatty acid profile (saturated (SFA: total, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid), monounsaturated (MUFA: total, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA: total omega-6 (n-6), linoleic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-3 (n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) was analysed with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combination. Results From the first trimester to third trimester of pregnancy, a significant increase in total SFA, total MUFA and total n-6 PUFA was found. (p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the serum concentration of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and total n-3 PUFA decreased during gestation (p < 0.001). A statistically non-significant result was observed for the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) serum concentration between the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Significant correlations were observed between each total fatty acid concentrations of the first and third trimesters. Conclusion The circulating serum concentration of SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA increases during pregnancy, whereas essential fatty acids such as AA and EPA decrease, and DHA remains unchanged. Further research is necessary to understand the role played by FA throughout gestation.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Taste Receptor GPR120 Activation by Arachidonic Acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuminori Kawabata ◽  
Yuta Yoshida ◽  
Seiga Kuba ◽  
Yuko Kawabata ◽  
Shotaro Nishimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Taste Receptor

scholarly journals Recovery of Fatty Acid Composition in Mediterranean Yellowtail (Seriola dumerili, Risso 1810) fed a Fish-Oil Finishing Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4871
Author(s):  
Francesco Bordignon ◽  
Silvia Martínez-Llorens ◽  
Angela Trocino ◽  
Miguel Jover-Cerdá ◽  
Ana Tomás-Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Fa Composition

The present study evaluated the effects of wash-out on the fatty acid (FA) composition in the muscles of Mediterranean yellowtail. After 109 days during which fish were fed either a fish oil (FO)-based diet (FO 100) or a diet (FO 0) in which FO was completely substituted by vegetable oils, all fish were subjected to a wash-out with FO 100 diet for 90 days. The FA profile of muscles in fish fed FO 0 diet at the beginning of the experiment reflected that of dietary vegetable oils, rich in linoleic acid (LA), and α-linolenic acid (ALA), and was deficient in AA (arachidonic acid), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). No essential FA were fully restored in fish previously fed FO 0 diet on 45th or 90th day of wash-out. At the end of wash-out, the FA composition showed that AA, EPA, and DHA in the white muscles increased by +33%, +16%, and +43% (p < 0.001), respectively. Similarly, AA and DHA in the red muscles increased by +33% and +41% respectively, while EPA remained similar to fish fed FO 0 diet exclusively. Therefore, a 90-d wash-out can partially improve the FA profile in muscles of Mediterranean yellowtail previously fed vegetable oil-based diets.

Hydrolysis of long-chain, n-3 fatty acid enriched chylomicrons by cardiac lipoprotein lipase

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 813-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryna Levy ◽  
Gene R Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Long Chain

The hydrolysis of chylomicrons enriched in long-chain n-3 fatty acids by cardiac lipoprotein lipase was studied. In 60 min, 24.8% of the triacylglycerol fatty acids were released as free fatty acids. The fatty acids were hydrolyzed at different rates. DHA (docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid, 20:5n-3) were released at rates significantly less than average. Stearic acid (18:0), 20:1n-9, and alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) were released significantly faster than average. There was no relationship between the rate of release of a fatty acid and the number of carbons or the number of double bonds. Lipoprotein lipase selectively hydrolyzes the fatty acids of chylomicron triacylglycerols. This selectively will result in remnants that are relatively depleted in 18:0, 20:1, and 18:3 and relatively enriched in 20:5 and 22:6.Key words: lipoprotein lipase, chylomicrons, fish oil, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid.

Occurrence of Conjugated Polyenoic Fatty Acids in Seaweeds from the Indian Ocean

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Bhaskar ◽  
Tomohisa Kinami ◽  
Kazuo Miyashita ◽  
Si-Bum Park ◽  
Yasushi Endo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Conjugated Polyenes ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Three species of red marine macro algae (Rhodophyta) from the Indian Ocean were analysed for the occurrence of conjugated polyenes. The composition of different lipid classes in these seaweeds along with their fatty acid composition has also been reported. Analysis of lipid classes of these seaweeds revealed that both Acanthophora spicifera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) and two species of Gracilaria, viz. G. edulis and G. folifera (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) were rich in glycolipids followed by neutral- and phospholipids. The fatty acid composition of these seaweeds revealed C16:0 as the predominant fatty acid in all three species. However, A. spicifera had significantly higher amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (AA) as compared to negligible amount of these fatty acids in both species of Gracilaria. The red seaweed Acanthophora spicifera contained conjugated eicosapentaenoic acid (CEPA) and conjugated arachidonic acid (CAA) in all lipid classes except glycolipids.

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1763-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasutake Tomata ◽  
Susanna C. Larsson ◽  
Sara Hägg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

Abstract Purpose Observational studies have suggested that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may decrease Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. In the present study, we examined this hypothesis using a Mendelian randomization analysis. Methods We used summary statistics data for single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with plasma levels of n-6 PUFAs (linoleic acid, arachidonic acid) and n-3 PUFAs (alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid), and the corresponding data for AD from a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 63,926 individuals (21,982 diagnosed AD cases, 41,944 controls). Results None of the genetically predicted PUFAs was significantly associated with AD risk; odds ratios (95% confidence interval) per 1 SD increase in PUFA levels were 0.98 (0.93, 1.03) for linoleic acid, 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) for arachidonic acid, 0.96 (0.88, 1.06) for alpha-linolenic acid, 1.03 (0.93, 1.13) for eicosapentaenoic acid, 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) for docosapentaenoic acid, and 1.01 (0.81, 1.25) for docosahexaenoic acid. Conclusions This study did not support the hypothesis that PUFAs decrease AD risk.

Determination of Fatty Acid Composition, Cholesterols, Triglyceride and Vitamin Contents of Some Selected Fishes from Assam, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Arjina Parbin Sarkar ◽  
Sanjay Basumatary ◽  
Santanu Sarma ◽  
Sandeep Das
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Components

Background: Fishes are good sources of the fatty acids such as ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and fat-soluble vitamins for human consumption which play vital roles for various biological processes in the body and help in the proper growth and prevention of diseases. Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the fatty acid composition, cholesterols, triglyceride and vitamin contents of some selected fishes from Hel river, Assam, India. Methods: Fatty acid composition of fish species was examined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, lipid components were determined following the reported methods and vitamins A and D contents were investigated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Fatty acid compositions varied from 51.20-89.47% of saturated fatty acids, 0.27-19.68% of monounsaturated fatty acids and 1.75-30.76% of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid ranged from 0.54-22.30% and 1.26-18.85%, respectively. The fish species showed varying amounts of lipid components. The vitamins A and D were found in the range of 15.85-1287.0 μg/100 g and 45.0-677.24 μg/100 g, respectively. Conclusion: The fish species of this study are found rich in ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid along with noticeable amounts of vitamins A and D. Hence, these fish species have the potentials to serve as the natural dietary supplements for ω-3 fatty acids and other nutrients.

scholarly journals Plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid profile is associated with vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Morioka ◽  
Masanori Emoto ◽  
Satoshi Imamura ◽  
Yoshinori Kakutani ◽  
Yuko Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation

Decreased plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels or the n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios are associated with a risk of cardiovascular events. In this cross-sectional study, we measured plasma levels of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and arachidonic acid and investigated the association between the plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid profile and vascular endothelial function in 396 patients with type 2 diabetes. Endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery was measured using ultrasonography. Multiple regression analyses, including age, sex, body mass index, and other cardiovascular risk factors, revealed that plasma eicosapentaenoic acid levels ( β = 0.140, p = 0.008) and the eicosapentaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio ( β = 0.127, p = 0.019), but not plasma docosahexaenoic acid levels ( β = 0.067, p = 0.220) or the docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio ( β = 0.034, p = 0.559), were independently and positively associated with flow-mediated dilatation. In conclusion, plasma eicosapentaenoic acid levels and the eicosapentaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio are independently associated with endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study indicates a positive association between eicosapentaenoic acid, rather than docosahexaenoic acid, and endothelial function in type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Role and significance of polyunsaturated fatty acids in nutrition in prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 50-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanja Ristic ◽  
Gordana Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Starting Point

Introduction Hyperlipoproteinemia is a key factor in development of atherosclerosis, whereas regression of atherosclerosis mostly depends on decreasing the plasma level of total and LDL-cholesterol. Many studies have reported the hypocholesterolemic effect of linolenic acid. Types of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) Linoleic and ?-linolenic acids are essential fatty acids. The main sources of linoleic acid are vegetable seeds and of ?-linolenic acid - green parts of plants. ?-linolenic acid is converted to eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid. Linoleic acid is converted into arachidonic acid competing with eicosapentaenoic acid in the starting point for synthesis of eicosanoids, which are strong regulators of cell functions and as such, very important in physiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular system. Eicosanoids derived from eicosapentaenoic acid have different biological properties in regard to those derived from arachidonic acid, i.e. their global effects result in decreased vasoconstriction platelet aggregation and leukocyte toxicity. Role and significant of PUFA The n-6 to n-3 ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food is very important, and an optimal ratio 4 to 1 in diet is a major issue. Traditional western diets present absolute or relative deficiency of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a ratio 15-20 to 1. In our diet fish and fish oil are sources of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid. Refined and processed vegetable oils change the nature of polyunsaturated fatty acids and obtained derivates have atherogenic properties.

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