Potential risk factors for bovineNeospora caninuminfection in Germany are not under the control of the farmers

In the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, herds were identified that were likely to have aNeospora caninumsero-prevalence [ges ]10% by using a bulk milk ELISA. Individual herd data were obtained by a questionnaire. Univariate logistic regression showed that bulk milk positive farms had a significantly higher chance to report an increased abortion rate than negative farms (PWald<0·1). The chance to have a bulk milk positive herd increased with the minimum number of years a farm had reported an increased abortion rate (PWald<0·1). Questionnaire data, population and dog density as well as climatic data specific for the farm localization were used to identify potential risk factors for a herd to have acquiredN. caninuminfections. Within an optimized multiple logistic regression model ‘Number of farm dogs’, ‘Herd size’, and factors related to the municipality the farm was localized, i.e. ‘Mean temperature in July’, and ‘Dog density’ were significant risk factors (PWald<0·1). The present study underlines the role farm dogs have in the epidemiology of neosporosis. In addition, it suggests that the risk a herd has to acquireN. caninuminfections is also associated with factors related to the farm location, i.e. factors that are largely out of the control of farmers.

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Prevalence of Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Rio Negro Province, Argentina and Direct Risk Factors for Infection

10.21203/rs.3.rs-260421/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Leonardo Uchiumi ◽

Guillermo Mujica ◽

Daniel Araya ◽

Juan Carlos Salvitti ◽

Mariano Sobrino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Cystic Echinococcosis ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Prevalence Ratio ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Rio Negro ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Current Address

Abstract Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato This study investigated the prevalence and potential risk factors associated with human CE in the towns and rural areas of Ñorquinco and Ramos Mexia, Rio Negro province, Argentina. Methods: In order to detect abdominal CE cysts, we screened 892 volunteers by ultrasound and investigated potential risk factors for CE using a standardized questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to estimate the Prevalence Ratio (PR) and their 95% CIs of the association between CE and the factors investigated. Results: Abdominal CE was detected in 42/892 screened volunteers (4.7%, CI 3.2-6.1), only two of who being under 15 years of age. Thirteen CE (30.9%) cases had 25 cysts in active stages (CE1, CE2, CE3) The most relevant risk factors identified in the bivariate analysis included: live in rural area (p=0.003), age >40 years (p=0.000), drinking always water of natural source (p=0.007), residing in rural areas during first five years of life (p=0.000) and live more than 20 years at your current address (p=0.013). In the multivariate model, statistically significant risk factors were: frequently touch dogs (p=0.012), residing in rural areas during first five years of life (p=0.004), smoking (p=0.000), age > 60 years (p=0.002) and live in rural areas (p=0.017).Conclusions: our results point toward infection with CE being acquired since childhood and with constant exposure throughout life, especially in rural areas with a general environmental contamination

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Risk Factors and Prediction of Leptospiral Seropositivity Among Dogs and Dog Handlers in Malaysia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16091499 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1499 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Soon Heng Goh ◽

Rosnah Ismail ◽

Seng Fong Lau ◽

Puteri Azaziah Megat Abdul Rani ◽

Taznim Begam Mohd Mohidin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Small Mammal ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Contact Time ◽

Agglutination Test ◽

Housing Area ◽

Common Area ◽

Potential Risk Factors

This study determined the potential risk factors that may contribute to seropositivity among dogs and dog handlers from working dog and dog shelter institutions. Data was collected from dogs (n = 266) and dog handlers (n = 161) using a standardised guided questionnaire. Serum obtained from the dogs and dog handlers was tested using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). A logistic regression analysis was used to predict leptospiral seropositivity of dogs and dog handlers based on potential risk factors. A total of 22.2% of dogs and 21.7% of dog handlers were seropositive. The significant predictors for the dogs’ seropositivity were presence of rats (OR = 4.61 (95% CI: 1.05, 20.33), p = 0.043) and shared common area (OR = 5.12 (95% CI: 1.94, 13.46), p = 0.001) within the organisation. Significant predictor for dog handler seropositivity was contact time with the dogs of more than six hours/day (OR = 3.28 (95% CI: 1.28, 8.40), p = 0.013) after controlling for the effect of other risk factors such as small mammal contact, rat infestation at home, flooding at housing area (within three months) and urban locality. The exposure to various disease sources identified poses risk to dogs and dog handlers. Risk could be reduced with adequate application of protection at work while handling dogs and thus limiting contact with these sources and reducing exposure to infection.

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Risk Factors for In-Hospital Complications of Fall-Related Fractures among Older Chinese: A Retrospective Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/8612143 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Hong-Ying Pi ◽

Yuan Gao ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Meng-Meng Hu ◽

Dan Nie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Older Chinese ◽

Individual Complication ◽

The Impact ◽

Univariate Analyses

Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors and the efficacy of the preventive measurements for the in-hospital complications of fall-related fractures. Methods. The data on older Chinese patients with fall-related fractures were collected, including information on the patients, diseases, and preventive measurements. The potential risk factors for the in-hospital complications included health status on admission, comorbidity, fractures, preventive measures of the complications, and drugs use for the comorbidity. After univariate analyses, multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to investigate the impact of the potential risk factors on the number of the complications and each individual complication, respectively, and the efficacy of the preventive measurements. Results. A total of 525 male and 1367 female were included in this study. After univariate analyses, multiple logistic regression showed that dementia, pneumonia, antidepressant, postural hypotension, and cerebral infarction could increase the incidence and number of comorbidities. Meanwhile, dementia has shown the strongest association with each individual complication. Conclusions. Different combinations of comorbidity, medication use, and preventive measurements were related to the in-hospital complications of fall-related fractures. Dementia emerged as the most important risk factor for these complications, while most of the preventive measurements could not reduce their incidences.

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Retrospective Analyses of Potential Risk Factors for Posterior Capsule Opacification after Cataract Surgery

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2018/9089285 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Shuang Wu ◽

Nianting Tong ◽

Lin Pan ◽

Xiaohui Jiang ◽

Yanan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Posterior Capsule Opacification ◽

Posterior Capsule ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Time Of Surgery ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Purpose. To evaluate the potential risk factors of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery. Methods. Data on PCO patients diagnosed from September 2015 to May 2017 were obtained from the Department of Ophthalmology at Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China. The factors associated with PCO were assessed using Pearson's χ2 test for univariate analyses and logistic regression for multivariate analyses. Results. Eyes (652) from 550 patients were enrolled in this study. All patients were diagnosed with PCO/non-PCO and had <3 years of follow-up after surgery. The numbers of PCO and non-PCO were 108 eyes and 544 eyes, respectively. Statistically significant associations with PCO were found for age at the time of surgery (χ2 = 78.504; p<0.001), diabetes (χ2 = 4.829; p=0.028), immune diseases (χ2 = 4.234; p=0.004), high myopia (χ2 = 5.753; p=0.016), lens nucleus hardness (χ2 = 11.046; p=0.026), surgery type (χ2 = 11.354; p=0.001), a history of vitrectomy (χ2 = 4.212; p=0.004), ocular inflammation (χ2 = 6.01; p=0.009), and the intraocular lens (IOL) type (χ2 = 8.696; p=0.003). Multivariable data analyses using logistic regression analyses of the variables showed that age at the time of surgery <60 years, diabetes, lens nucleus hardness of III–V, extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE), postvitrectomy, and hydrophilic IOLs were significant independent risk factors associated with PCO. Conclusions. Age <60 years, diabetes, lens nucleus hardness of III–V, ECCE, postvitrectomy, and a hydrophilic IOL were significantly associated with the formation of PCO. Estimation of the incidence of and risk factors for PCO should help in patients counseling and in the design of treatment protocols to reduce or prevent its development.

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National Reporting Trend for HO-MRSA Bacteremia LabID Events, 2010–2018

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.556 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s68-s69

Author(s):

Karen Jones ◽

Yi Mu ◽

Qunna Li ◽

Allan Nkwata ◽

Minn Soe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Current Trend ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Interrupted Time Series ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Quality Reporting ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) has included surveillance of laboratory-identified (LabID) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia events since 2009. In 2013, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) began requiring acute-care hospitals (ACHs) that participate in the CMS Inpatient Quality Reporting program to report MRSA LabID events to the NHSN and, in 2015, ACHs were required to report MRSA LabID events from emergency departments (EDs) and/or 24-hour observation locations. Prior studies observed a decline in hospital-onset MRSA (HO-MRSA) rates in national studies over shorter periods or other surveillance systems. In this analysis, we review the national reporting trend for HO-MRSA bacteremia LabID events, 2010–2018. Method: This analysis was limited to MRSA bacteremia LabID event data reported by ACHs that follow NHSN surveillance protocols. The data were restricted to events reported for overall inpatient facility-wide and, if applicable, EDs and 24-hour observation locations. MRSA events were classified as HO (collected >3 days after admission) or inpatient or outpatient community onset (CO, collected ≤3 days after admission). An interrupted time series random-effects generalized linear model was used to examine the relationship between HO-MRSA incidence rates (per 1,000 patient days) and time (year) while controlling for potential risk factors as fixed effects. The following potential risk factors were evaluated: facility’s annual survey data (facility type, medical affiliation, length of facility stay, number of beds, and number of intensive care unit beds) and quarterly summary data (inpatient and outpatient CO prevalence rates). Result: The number of reporting ACHs increased during this period, from 473 in 2010 to 3,651 in 2018. The crude HO-MRSA incidence rates (per 1,000 patient days) have declined over time, from a high of 0.067 in 2011 to 0.052 in 2018 (Table 1). Compared to 2014, the adjusted annual incidence rate increased in 2015 by 16.38%, (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.26%–22.84%; P < .0001). After controlling for all significant risk factors, the estimated annual HO-MRSA incidence rates declined by 5.98% (95% CI, 5.17%–6.78%; P < .0001) (Table 2). Conclusions: HO-MRSA bacteremia incidence rates have decreased over the past 9 years, despite a slight increase in 2015. This national trend analysis reviewed a longer period while analyzing potential risk factors. The decline in HO-MRSA incidence rates has been gradual; however, given the current trend, it is not likely to meet the Healthy People 2020 objectives. This analysis suggests the need for hospitals to continue and/or enhance HO-MRSA infection prevention efforts to reduce rates further.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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1650. Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Active Tuberculosis in Patients with Behçet’s Disease

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1828 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S812-S813

Author(s):

Yaxu Liu ◽

Lifan Zhang ◽

Ziyue Zhou ◽

Luxi Sun ◽

Baotong Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Behcet’S Disease ◽

Active Tuberculosis ◽

Unexplained Weight Loss ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Background Understanding the clinical characteristics and risk factors of active tuberculosis (ATB) in Behçet’s disease (BD) is of great significance to improve the treatment efficacy and guide the preventive treatment. However, the relevant studies are very limited. Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records of BD patients admitted to our institute from 2010 to 2019. BD patients with ATB were enrolled as the case group, and the control group was selected by random number sampling from the remaining BD patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the potential risk factors of ATB in BD patients. Figure 1. Flowchart of the study Results Twenty-one ATB cases were identified from 386 BD patients, including four (19.0%) microbiologically confirmed and 17 (81.0%) clinically diagnosed. ATB patients can present with systemic symptoms (fever, night sweating, unexplained weight loss) and/or symptoms related to the infection site. Logistic regression analysis revealed that ESR>60mm/h (OR=13.710, 95%CI (1.101, 170.702)), increased IgG (OR=1.226, 95%CI (1.001, 1.502)), and positive T-SPOT.TB (OR=7.793, 95%CI (1.312, 48.464), for 24-200 SFC/106PBMC; OR=17.705 (2.503, 125.260), for >200 SFC/106PBMC) were potential risk factors for ATB in BD patients. Table 1. Past medical history and medication of BD patients with and without ATB Table 2. Clinical presentation and laboratory results of BD patients with and without ATB Table 3. Potential risk factors for ATB in BD patients Conclusion When BD patients have fever, night sweating, unexplained weight loss, or manifestations rarely occurred in BD, the diagnosis of ATB should be considered. Significantly elevated T-SPOT.TB indicates a high risk of ATB in BD patients. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Analyzing risk factors for lumpy skin disease by a geographic information system (GIS) in Turkey

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society ◽

10.12681/jhvms.22222 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 1797

Author(s):

O.B. INCE ◽

T. TÜRK

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Information System ◽

Geographic Information System ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Skin Disease ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Geographic Information ◽

Morbidity Rate ◽

Lumpy Skin Disease ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is caused by the virus of the same name and has major economic impacts on cattle breeding. In Turkey, frequent cases of cattle LSD have been reported over the last years. The present study aimed to analyze potential risk factors for LSD and provide information for controlling the spread of infectious diseases by a geographic information system (GIS). The research included cross-sectional and retrospective studies with active disease follow-up and semi-structured interviews (SSI) from August 2013 to December 2014 in Turkey. Potential risk factors for LSD were evaluated based on environmental conditions and provincial demographic and epidemiological data. Of the total of 562 observed animals, 27.22% and 2.67% of cattle were sick and died due to LSD, respectively. The morbidity rate was 26.04% in mixed and 38.18% in local breeds. The animal-level prevalence significantly differed among animals of different age, sex, and with different vaccination status (P<0.05). It was more serious in younger animals and females and during drier weather conditions. A trend of seasonality was observed in LSD occurrence. Significant risk factors affecting the prevalence of LSD were proximity to the southern border of Turkey, animal movements, and animal markets. In this process, geographical query, analysis, and thematic map production were performed by GIS.

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Clinical features of and risk factors for intracranial aneurysms associated with moyamoya disease

International Journal of Stroke ◽

10.1177/1747493020967224 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 174749302096722

Author(s):

Hecheng Yang ◽

Limin Zhang ◽

Menghan Wang ◽

Jingtao Wang ◽

Lijie Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Moyamoya Disease ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Intracranial Aneurysms ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Background The clinical features of aneurysms associated with moyamoya disease (MMD) and risk factors for the formation and rupture of aneurysms are not well defined. Aims In this study, we retrospectively analyzed clinical data of MMD patients and examined the potential risk factors for the formation and rupture of aneurysms in these patients. Methods The medical records of all MMD patients in our hospital from April 2012 to May 2019 were reviewed. The logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent association between various potential risk factors and the presence or rupture of intracranial aneurysms in MMD patients. Results Of 2230 MMD patients, 182 (8.2%) cases had intracranial aneurysms. The mean age of onset in patients with aneurysms was 47.2 years, which was significantly higher when compared with those without aneurysms ( p < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, age of onset remained significantly associated with the presence of intracranial aneurysms, while female gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease were not. Besides, intracranial aneurysms were significantly associated with intracranial hemorrhage in MMD patients (odds ratio [OR] = 5.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.80–7.09). About 60% aneurysms >5 mm in size, and 62.1% aneurysms with irregularly shaped morphology were ruptured. Aneurysms located in basilar tip, collateral or moyamoya vessels were more likely to present with rupture. Conclusions Age was an important risk factor for intracranial aneurysms formation in MMD patients. Aneurysms increased the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in MMD patients, and their ruptures were correlated with aneurysms size, location, and morphology.

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Risk factors for Barrett’s esophagus in young adults who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a health examination center

Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology ◽

10.1177/1756284819853115 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 175628481985311 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pin-Chieh Wu ◽

Yan-Hua Chen ◽

Fu-Zong Wu ◽

Kung-Hung Lin ◽

Chiao-Lin Hsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Male Sex ◽

Gerd Symptoms ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition with increased incidence worldwide both in old and young individuals. However, the role of certain potential risk factors remains unclear in young adults (< 50 years). We aimed to determine the risk factors of BE in young adults. Methods: A total of 4943 young adults who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at our health check-up center were enrolled. The diagnosis of BE was based on histological confirmation. We analyzed demographic factors, laboratory data, potential risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms, and metabolic syndrome for the risk of BE by using binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of BE was 1.8% (88/4943). Male sex, the presence of GERD symptoms, and smoking were three significant risk factors related to BE. Furthermore, participants who had smoked for 10 pack-years or more had increased risk of BE with dose-dependent phenomenon ( p trend < 0.001). The proportion of BE in male participants with both GERD symptoms and a smoking history of 10 pack-years or more was as high as 10.3% (16/155). Conclusions: Significant risk factors of BE in young adults are male sex, the presence of GERD symptoms, and smoking. The risk also increases with an increase in cumulative exposure to smoking.

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