The influence of health education on the prevalence of intestinal parasites in a low-income community of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Parasitology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. M. F. PEREIRA ◽  
M. F. L. ALENCAR ◽  
S. C. COHEN ◽  
P. R. B. SOUZA-JÚNIOR ◽  
F. CECCHETTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Local Residents

SUMMARYIn a recent study by our group on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of local residents of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, we observed that about 50% of the inhabitants were parasitized and had some knowledge of intestinal parasitic infections but did not apply this knowledge in daily practice. We were thus motivated to implement strategies in health education to promote preventive measures in the locality. The goal of the present work was to evaluate the influence of health education on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in the region in an effort to strengthen public policies for controlling these diseases in Brazil. The methodology adopted was based on action-research and a theoretical framework of health promotion. Our results demonstrate that the study population exhibited an enhanced awareness of the importance of disease from intestinal parasitic infections. Attitudes and practices related to prevention were significantly improved after the shared health education. In conclusion, this study allowed the shared construction of knowledge that reflected the true needs of the residents.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiases and Schistosomiasis in Preschool Age Children in Mwea Division, Kirinyaga South District, Kirinyaga County, and Their Potential Effect on Physical Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Sifuna Wefwafwa Sakari ◽  
Amos K. Mbugua ◽  
Gerald M. Mkoji
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Intestinal Helminth ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Preschool Age Children

Intestinal parasitic infections can significantly contribute to the burden of disease, may cause nutritional and energetic stress, and negatively impact the quality of life in low income countries of the world. This cross-sectional study done in Mwea irrigation scheme, in Kirinyaga, central Kenya, assessed the public health significance of soil-transmitted helminthiases (STH), schistosomiasis, and other intestinal parasitic infections, among 361 preschool age children (PSAC) through fecal examination, by measuring anthropometric indices, and through their parents/guardians, by obtaining sociodemographic information. Both intestinal helminth and protozoan infections were detected, and, among the soil-transmitted helminth parasites, there were Ascaris lumbricoides (prevalence, 3%), Ancylostoma duodenale (<1%), and Trichuris trichiura (<1%). Other intestinal helminths were Hymenolepis nana (prevalence, 3.6%) and Enterobius vermicularis (<1%). Schistosoma mansoni occurred at a prevalence of 5.5%. Interestingly, the protozoan, Giardia lamblia (prevalence, 14.7%), was the most common among the PSAC. Other protozoans were Entamoeba coli (3.9%) and Entamoeba histolytica (<1). Anthropometric indices showed evidence of malnutrition. Intestinal parasites were associated with hand washing behavior, family size, water purification, and home location. These findings suggest that G. lamblia infection and malnutrition may be significant causes of ill health among the PSAC in Mwea, and, therefore, an intervention plan is needed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasites versus knowledge, attitudes, and practices of inhabitants of low-income communities of Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Henrique A. de Moraes Neto ◽  
Adriana P. M. F. Pereira ◽  
Maria de Fátima L. Alencar ◽  
Paulo R. B. Souza-Júnior ◽  
Rodrigo C. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Janeiro State

scholarly journals Prevalence and Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Schistosomiasis in the City of Barra Mansa, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Carvalho Espírito-Santo ◽  
Pedro Paulo Chieff ◽  
Fabiana Martins de Paula ◽  
Francisco Oscar Siqueira França ◽  
Filumena Maria Silva Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Previous History ◽  
The State ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The City

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are caused by several species of protozoa and helminths and are among the most frequent infections in many regions of the world, particularly in countries with limited access to adequate conditions of hygiene and basic sanitation, and have significant morbidity. There are few studies that assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites in Latin America. We investigated the prevalence of intestinal infections in five neighborhoods in the city of Barra Mansa / RJ / Brazil. Objective To evaluate the prevalence of geohelminths, protozoa and Schistossoma mansoni infection, using two parasitological methods in a population in a city in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Methods Cross-sectional cohort study, conducted from September 2010 to April 2011, in individuals over five years old, to assess the prevalence of IPIs in 5 peripheral neighborhoods of Barra Mansa, a city located in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil): Siderlândia, Cantagalo, São Luiz, Nova Esperança and Santa Clara, through the combination of two parasitological methods, Kato-Katz and Hoffman, having analyzed a total of six slides for each of the research participants. Results Results of samples from 610 individuals were collected and analyzed using the Kato-Katz (KK) and Hoffman (HH) methods. Approximately 60% of the individuals were female, with an average age of 39.72 years. Five hundred and fifty-one (84.8%) had access to treated water and 486 (74.8%) to the sewage network. The neighborhood of Siderlândia contributed most of the casuistry (42.9%). About 4% of participants reported a previous history of schistosomiasis. Six hundred and ten stool samples were evaluated using the Kato-Katz and Hoffmann methods. The results of parasitological examinations by the KK method showed low positivity for any diagnosed parasitosis. The HH method showed a more significant number of parasitic infections, with a higher frequency of Endolimax nana (17.4%), followed by Blastocystis spp (10.8%). The positivity in stool tests using the KK or HH methods was significantly higher in the Santa Clara neighborhood (p = 0.038), in people who use river water (p <0.001) and in people who reported having had schistosomiasis previously (p = 0.021). Conclusions The use of two stool samples examined by the KK and HH methods improved the detection sensitivity and evidenced the low prevalence of IPIs in the city of Barra Mansa (RJ) / Brazil.

scholarly journals Study on Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Muslim community of Janakpurdham, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushbu Yadav ◽  
Satyam Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Stool Samples

Background and Objectives: Intestinal parasitic infection is an important public health problem in Nepal because of its high morbidity and mortality. The distribution and prevalence of the various intestinal parasites species depend on social, geographical, economical and inhabitant customs. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the burden of intestinal parasitic infections and its relation with sanitary practices and socio-demographic characteristics in Muslim community of Janakpurdham, Nepal.Material and Methods: A total of 161 stool samples were collected in dry, clean and screw capped plastic container and were preserved with 10% formalin. The stool samples were examined by direct microscopy and confirmed by concentration methods. Modified Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) staining was performed for the detection of coccidian parasites. P- value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The incidence of intestinal parasitic infection was 63.35% (male = 57.84% vs. female = 42.15%) (p = 0.321). The positive cases of parasitic infection were found to be slightly higher in less than 10 years (35.29%) than others. Hookworm (10%) and G. lamblia (28%) infection was marginally higher than other helminthic and protozoan infection. The highest number of positive cases of parasitic infection was found in those who didn’t wash their hands before meal, defecates stool haphazardly in open area, didn’t wash their hands after toilet, didn’t trim their nail, in larger family, with low income and in housewives which was found to be statistically significant (p = <0.05).Conclusion: The health status was found poor among Nepalese Muslim people. Routine periodic screening of parasitic infection among people, changing behavior, public educations on improved personal and environmental hygiene are the fundamental principle in the control of infection.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol. 4 (1): 36-45

Intestinal parasites and the growth status of internally displaced children in Sri Lanka

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
T G A N Chandrasena ◽  
H C Hapuarachchi ◽  
M Y D Dayanath ◽  
A Pathmeswaran ◽  
N R de Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Growth Status ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Displaced Children ◽  
Study Population

The growth status and intestinal parasitic infections among a group of children displaced by war in Sri Lanka was investigated. There was a high prevalence of growth retardation (wasting, stunting and underweight being 41%, 28% and 69.9%, respectively) and intestinal parasitic infections (40.2%) among the study population. Provision of adequate food, purified drinking water, sanitation and broad-spectrum anthelmintics is recommended.

What are Hidden Facts behind Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Ilam City?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-287
Author(s):  
S. Viesy ◽  
J. Abdi ◽  
Z. Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are the one of the most common health problems in developing countries. Objective: A number of patients die annually due to complications caused by these parasites.Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the rate and type of parasitic infections, determine the factors affecting them in Ilam city and also provide strategies to prevent them.In this descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in one of the Ilam labs in 2016, 417 stool specimens were randomly collected. All specimens were examined using direct and ethanol formaldehyde.Suspect specimens were examined using Trichrom staining. Demographic information was also recorded in a questionnaire, and finally the results were analyzed using statistical software SPSS 20.The data were then compared with Chi-square test. Results: Out of the 417 patients examined, 59 (14.1%) were infected with intestinal parasites. The type of parasitic infection in 9.4% was Blastocystis hominis, 3.6% Entamoeba coli, 0.5% Entamoeba histolytica, 0.5% Giardia and 0.2% Trichomonas hominis. Conclusion: Despite the improvement of public health, parasitic infections are still considered as one of the health problems in the city of Ilam. Therefore, proper planning, public health education, raising the level of health in the area and the provision of safe drinking water are some of the ways to reduce parasitic infections in the region.

scholarly journals Effect of a health education intervention on intestinal parasitic infections in Bolivian children

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Lastrucci ◽  
M Spinicci ◽  
F Macchioni ◽  
S Gabrielli ◽  
A L Villagran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
School Year ◽  
School Based ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Health Education Intervention ◽  
Key Events

Abstract Backgrounds Intestinal parasitic infections (IPI) are a major health issue for children of low- and middle-income countries. Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) practices are crucial for preventing IPI. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a school-based health education intervention on handwashing behavior and IPI prevalence in children Methods This is a randomized intervention trial in 8 primary schools in rural communities over the course of 3 school years; preliminary results from the first two years of the trial are here presented. Schools were randomly selected and assigned in a 1:1 ratio to intervention or control (no intervention) groups. For each school year, the intervention included 14 school-based educational sessions and 2 skit events, involving children aged 8-12 years. Knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire and handwashing at key events was assessed at the beginning and end of each school year. IPI prevalence was assessed with repeated cross-sectional parasitology surveys 12 months apart, involving a minimum of 50 children for each school Results At baseline, no significant differences between intervention and control schools were present in the proportion of children who washed their hands at key events (7.2% vs 9.3%, p = 0.28), in IPI (79.4% vs 75.3%, p = 0.3) and multiple parasitic infections (MPI) prevalences (47.6 vs. 38.6; p = 0.051). At the end of the second year, the percentage of children who washed their hands at key events was significantly higher in the intervention schools (75.4% vs 12.1%, p &lt; 0.001), and the prevalence of IPI and MPI in the intervention schools were respectively about 25% and 15% lower than in the control schools (respectively, 42.9% vs 67.8%, p &lt; 0.001; 16.1% vs 31.6%, p &lt; 0.001) Conclusions A school-based health education intervention could achieve significant changes in hand-washing behaviors and reduction in the prevalence of IPI in children. The third year survey results are needed to confirm these findings Key messages An health education intervention on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) practices can reduce the risk of IPI infection in children. An health education intervention on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) practices could be configured as a sustainable long-term approach to intestinal parasitic infections control in children.

scholarly journals Intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zelalem Animaw ◽  
Addisu Melese ◽  
Habtamu Demelash ◽  
Girma Seyoum ◽  
Abiy Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are public health problems widely distributed in the world and cause significant morbidity and mortality; many of which occur among women of reproductive age. IPIs caused by helminthes and protozoan parasites are common among pregnant women. Data on the national pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated factors during pregnancy is not documented well in Ethiopia. This review aims at summarizing evidences on the burden of IPIs and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Methods Published and unpublished studies were thoroughly searched at MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Cochrane library and Science Direct. In addition, repositories of Addis Ababa, Gondar and Jimma Universities were searched. Eligible studies were selected following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline. The pooled prevalence of intestinal parasites and summary odds ratios (ORs) were determined with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Sub-groups analyses were done based on study region, types of parasites, methods of stool examination and study setting. The statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 14.0 software. Results Among 168 retrieved studies, 31 studies with a total population of 12,118 pregnant women were included. The estimated pooled prevalence of IPIs among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 27.32 % (95 % CI: 20.61, 33.87 %). In the subgroup analysis, Oromia and Amhara regions had the highest prevalence with a 29.78 % (95 % CI: 15.97, 43.60) and 29.63 % (95 % CI: 15.37, 43.89); respectively. In addition, studies conducted in the community showed higher prevalence than institution based studies (49.93 % Vs 24.84 %; respectively). The most prevalent type of intestinal parasite identified were Hookworm followed by Ascaris lumbricoides with a pooled prevalence of 11.2 and 10.34 %, respectively. In our analysis; residence, being bare footed, lack of hand washing habit and eating uncooked/raw vegetables were significantly associated with IPIs among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Conclusions Prevalence of IPIs during pregnancy is relatively high in Ethiopia. Poor hygienic practices were identified as risk factors. Based on our finding, targeted preventive measures shall be considered so as to prevent morbidity and mortality due to IPIs.

scholarly journals Predicting frequency distribution and influence of sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni infection and analysis of co-infection with intestinal parasites

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla V.V. Rollemberg ◽  
Marília M.B.L. Silva ◽  
Karla C. Rollemberg ◽  
Fábio R. Amorim ◽  
Nayanna M.N. Lessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Kernel Estimation ◽  
Kernel Estimator ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Untreated Water

Geospatial analysis was used to study the epidemiology of <em>Schistosoma mansoni</em>, intestinal parasites and co-infections in an area (Ilha das Flores) in Sergipe, Brazil. We collected individually georeferenced sociodemographic, behavioral and parasitological data from 500 subjects, analyzed them by conventional statistics, and produced risk maps by Kernel estimation. The prevalence rates found were: <em>S. mansoni</em> (24.0%), <em>Trichuris trichiura</em> (54.8%), <em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em> (49.2%), Hookworm (17.6%) and <em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> (7.0%). Only 59/500 (11.8%) individuals did not present any of these infections, whereas 279/500 (55.8%) were simultaneously infected by three or more parasites. We observed associations between <em>S. mansoni</em> infection and various variables such as male gender, being rice farmer or fisherman, low educational level, low income, water contact and drinking untreated water. The Kernel estimator indicated that high-risk areas coincide with the poorest regions of the villages as well as with the part of the villages without an adequate sewage system. We also noted associations between both <em>A. lumbricoides</em> and hookworm infections with low education and low income. <em>A. lumbricoides</em> infection and <em>T. trichiura</em> infection were both associated with drinking untreated water and residential open-air sewage. These findings call for an integrated approach to effectively control multiple parasitic infections.

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