The first South Georgia leases: Compañia Argentina de Pesca and the South Georgia Exploring Company Limited

Polar Record ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (132) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. H. Walton
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Falkland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Company Limited ◽  
Political Problem ◽  
History Of

South Georgia, at present governed as a Dependency of the Falkland Islands, has an interesting history of human activity extending back nearly two centuries. The sealers who visited the island in considerable numbers in the 18th and 19th centuries (Jones, 1973) almost certainly left gangs of men on the island for considerable periods, but not until the 20th century were permanent settlements established there. Published accounts of the initial stages of this colonisation (Matthews, 1931; Christie, 1951) contain various important errors, and give only the simplest outline of an interesting political problem. A more accurate account of some of these events has recently been published (Tonnessen and Johnsen, 1982). Material preserved in the Falkland Islands Government's (FIG) archives at Port Stanley has allowed a detailed account to be built up of this important period of South Georgia's history.

Unregulated Sealing in the Dependencies

2007 ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
A.B. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
History Of

This chapter provides a detailed account of the growth of the unregulated sealing industry in the Dependencies, in the same format as Chapter Two. It begins with a history of the discovery of South Georgia, and follows the arrival of American and British vessels in late eighteenth century. It follows a similar pattern in the Falklands history, where sealing excursions declined during European and American wars, only to return with vigor from 1810 onwards - devastating seal stocks by the 1820s. The South Georgian sealing industry continued to decline during the nineteenth century, with numerous failed excursions recorded. In counterbalance to this, the South Shetland Islands saw a rise in sealing. A rise in sealing occurred during the brief sea fur boom of the 1860s and 1870s, where the chapter concludes.

scholarly journals Liligo Glacier, Karakoram, Pakistan: a reconstruction of the recent history of a surge-type glacier

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmina Diolaiuti ◽  
Massimo Pecci ◽  
Claudio Smiraglia
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
The South ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
South Side ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
History Of ◽  
Two Phases

AbstractLiligo Glacier is a small glacier located in a transverse valley, which flows on the south side of Baltoro Glacier, Karakoram, Pakistan. Terminus variations of Liligo Glacier since 1892 were reconstructed using various methods and sources (historical documents, cartography, photographs, satellite images and field surveys). The glacier is characterized by two phases of strong advance (beginning and end of the 20th century), separated by at least half a century of retreat. The advance rates, together with some ice-surface features such as the heavily crevassed surface and terminus morphology, are considered to be indicative of a surge-type glacier.

3. The Geological Relations of South Georgia

1914 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
J. W. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Geological History ◽  
The South ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
The Andes ◽  
History Of

The special interest of the island of South Georgia depends on the evidence it promises as to the geological history of that part of the Southern Ocean which lies south of the South Atlantic. According to the well-known views of Professor Suess, South Georgia is on a continuation of the mountain line of the Andes, which at the southern end of South America bends eastward along the northern margin of Drake's Sea and continues 30° to the east, where it turns southward; it completes a great horseshoe-shaped course by passing through South Georgia and returning westward through the South Orkneys to Grahamland.

Sources on Regulatory Activity of the Inorodtsy Local Self-Government Agencies in the South of Russia in the 19th - Early 20th Century

2018 ◽  
pp. 364-374
Author(s):  
Irina V. Lidgieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
National Archive ◽  
The State ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Regulatory Activity ◽  
The South ◽  
Stavropol Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

The article analyses public censure as a source of regulatory activity of the inorodsty (non-Russian indigenous ethnicities) local authorities in the South of Russia in the 19th – early 20th century. Integration of nomadic peoples in the all-Empire legal and economic sphere made provisions for continuation of some common law institutions. Among these were local self-government bodies. Local self-government activities in indigenous societies incorporate practices of representative democracy within the framework of customary and positive law and also interactions between state and society, all of which has much relevance to this day and age. Assembly (skhod) produced public censure that included purview with majority decision. Most sources come from the State archive of Stavropol Region and the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. General and special scientific research methods assess public censure as a source on the history of the inorodsty in the South of Russia in the 19th – early 20th century. The form of sentence was not fixed by law, and yet content analysis of documentary materials from the State Archive of the Stavropol Region and the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia concludes that it remained unchanged throughout the 19th – early 20th century. Content of public censure allows to reconstruct the spectrum of issues put before the assembly and to classify them by topic: legal, social, and financial and economic. The author concludes that verdicts of the inorodsty societies of the period, as legal acts of local significance and great information value, are one of the main sources on socio-political and socio-economic history of the region.

Millennial Hope

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

For two centuries and longer, humankind has been on a collision course with the limits of the Earth. The inertial momentum—the scale and velocity of the human enterprise—has grown so rapidly since the mid-20th century that virtually every indicator of planetary health is in decline (McNeill, 2000). Even an otherwise self-characterized “optimistic” analysis concludes that: . . . The momentum toward an unsustainable future can be reversed, but only with great difficulty. [The reversal] assumes fundamental shifts in desired lifestyles, values and technology. Yet, even under these assumptions, it takes many decades to realign human activity with a healthy environment, make poverty obsolete, and ameliorate the deep fissures that divide people. Some climate change is irrevocable, water stress will persist in many places, extinct species will not return, and lives will be lost to deprivation. (Raskin et al., 2002, pp. 94–95) . . . Considerably less optimistic, Thomas Berry concludes that “It is already determined that our children and grandchildren will live amid the ruined infrastructures of the industrial world and amid the ruins of the natural world itself ” (2006, p. 95). James Lovelock’s view is even darker: “the acceleration of the climate change now under way will sweep away the comfortable environment to which we are adapted . . . . [There is evidence of ] an imminent shift in our climate towards one that could easily be described as Hell” (2006, pp. 7, 147; The Vanishing Face of Gaia, 2009). Given such dire predictions, theologian Jack Miles, author of A History of God (2000), suggests that we begin to ponder the possibility that “the effort to produce a sustainable society has definitively failed . . . that we are irreversibly en route to extinction.” Alan Weisman, in a striking exercise of journalistic imagination, describes in The World Without Us how our infrastructure would then crumble, collapse, and finally disappear (2007). These are only a few of the recent musings about the human prospect.

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