The Adult Personality Functioning Assessment (APFA): factors influencing agreement between subject and informant

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hill ◽  
H. Fudge ◽  
R. Harrington ◽  
A. Pickles ◽  
M. Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Informant Agreement ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Moderate Agreement ◽  
Personality Dysfunction ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Functioning Assessment

SynopsisThe Adult Personality Functioning Assessment (APFA) provides ratings of interpersonal and social role performance in six domains over substantial periods of time. Ratings based on subject and informant accounts using the APFA were compared. There was good agreement for estimates of levels of dysfunction, and moderate agreement for type of dysfunction. An anticipated under-reporting of difficulties by subjects was not found. The extent of personality dysfunction was predictive of whether a close informant was available; however, closeness of informant was not consistently associated with subject–informant agreement.

scholarly journals Complementary approaches to the assessment of personality disorder

2000 ◽  
Vol 176 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hill ◽  
Hazel Fudge ◽  
Richard Harrington ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
Michael Rutter
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Informant Agreement ◽  
Interpersonal Context ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Functioning Assessment

BackgroundCurrent concepts and measures of personality disorder are in many respects unsatisfactory.AimsTo establish agreement between two contrasting measures of personality disorder, and to compare subject–informant agreement on each. To examine the extent to which trait abnormality can be separated from interpersonal and social role dysfunction.MethodFifty-six subjects and their closest informants were interviewed and rated independently. Personality functioning was assessed using a modified Personality Assessment Schedule (M–PAS), and the Adult Personality Functioning Assessment (APFA).ResultsSubject–informant agreement on the M–PAS was moderately good, and agreement between the M–PAS and the APFA, across and within subjects and informants, was comparable to that for the M–PAS. This was equally the case when M–PAS trait plus impairment scores and trait abnormality scores were used.ConclusionsThe M–PAS and the APFA are probably assessing similar constructs. Trait abnormalities occur predominantly in an interpersonal context and could be assessed within that context.

Assessment of Personality Functioning in the Transition from Adolescent to Adult Life: Preliminary Findings

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Naughton ◽  
Audrey Oppenheim ◽  
Jonathan Hill
Keyword(s):  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Psychosocial Dysfunction ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Functioning Assessment

BackgroundThe Adolescent to Adult Personality Functioning Assessment (ADAPFA) a modification of the Adult Personality Functioning Assessment (APFA) is described. It may be used to assess specific and general social dysfunction in the transition from childhood to adult life.MethodTwo raters independently rated 38 audiotaped interviews to test the interrater reliability of the instrument. The relationship between dysfunction in specific domains and overall psychosocial dysfunction was examined.ResultsInterrater reliabilities for the total ADAPFA score and for the majority of the domains were high. Agreement on type of dysfunction and on categorical ratings indicating the presence of personality disorder were good.ConclusionThe ADAPFA is a useful measure of interpersonal and social role performance in the transition between adolescent and adult life.

Adult Personality Functioning Assessment (APFA)

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hill ◽  
R. Harrington ◽  
H. Fudge ◽  
M. Rutter ◽  
A. Pickles
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Social Dysfunction ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Love Relationships ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Social Domains ◽  
Functioning Assessment

The development of an investigator-based standardised interview to assess patterns of specific and general social dysfunction is described. It covers six domains of functioning: work; love relationships; friendships; non-intimate social contacts; negotiations; and everyday coping. Inter-rater reliability was tested by three investigators rating 21 audiotaped interviews, and was shown to be high, with an intraclass correlation of 0.87 for the total score. The pattern of associations between specific and general social dysfunction was examined through determination of sensitivities and specificities and through LISREL modelling. The findings varied across social domains but it was concluded that the total APFA score provided a reasonable measure of general social dysfunction.

Factors influencing the formation of hollow ceramic microspheres by water extraction of colloidal droplets

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay G. Liu ◽  
David L. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hollow Microspheres ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Initial Droplet ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Initial Droplet Size ◽  
Good Agreement

Hollow ceramic microspheres of Al2O3, SiO2, and mullite have been prepared by the combination of an emulsion technique with a water extraction sol-gel method. Concentration of sol, initial droplet size, and water extraction rate of the system are found to be the important process parameters controlling the size and wall thickness of the hollow microspheres, and their influences are shown. A model that correlates the morphology of microspheres to concentration and water extraction rate is proposed and is in good agreement with the experimental observations. The capability and limitation of this process for forming hollow microspheres are demonstrated. It was shown that hollow microspheres with sizes greater than 5 μm could be readily prepared, while a limitation was met for sizes less than 1 μm, in which case solid microspheres were normally formed.

scholarly journals Levels of Personality Functioning Predicting Daily Affect Stress and Self-Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ally M Heiland ◽  
Jennifer Veilleux
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Subjective Response ◽  
Distress Intolerance ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Personality Dysfunction ◽  
Perceived Invalidation

According to the DSM-5 alterative model of personality disorders (AMPD), severity of personality dysfunction theoretically involves deficits in identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy. We predicted that people with greater personality dysfunction would experience more problems in daily life, particularly problems associated with self-efficacy for engaging with affect and self-control (i.e., subjective willpower and distress intolerance), along with greater intensity of life stressors and higher perceived invalidation from others. Using ecological momentary assessment, participants (N = 99) were randomly prompted seven times a day for one week, where they were asked questions about momentary affect, their perceived level of momentary distress tolerance, and their momentary willpower. Each night they were also asked about stressors experienced that day and intensity of their subjective response to those stressors, and their daily experience of being invalidated. Results found that higher personality dysfunction, assessed at baseline, predicted greater daily negative affect, less daily positive affect, more intensely experienced stressors, and more perceived invalidation. We also found that personality dysfunction interacted with positive affect in predicting momentary self-efficacy and daily invalidation; people with greater personality dysfunction experienced lower momentary willpower, higher distress intolerance and stronger perceived invalidation alongside lower positive affect. These findings provide evidence that personality functioning influences daily life, as well as support the use of the AMPD in conceptualizing personality pathology

A Negotiative Theory of Journalistic Roles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patric Raemy ◽  
Tim P Vos
Keyword(s):  
Role Theory ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Discursive Institutionalism ◽  
Inductive Study ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Feeling Rules

Abstract In probing how journalists negotiate the perceived discrepancy between their social role orientation and role performance, we arrive at a negotiative theory of roles. The theory is based on an inductive study where we combine classic theoretical frameworks of role theory with conceptual approaches of discursive institutionalism and Hochschilds’ theory of feeling rules. We examined journalists’ narratives from qualitative in-depth interviews with 20 Swiss newspaper journalists, who were asked to interpret the perceived gap—found in previous studies—between journalism ideals and journalism practice. The results compelled us to revisit role theories and to consider a number of overlooked or under-utilized analytic features of social roles to propose refinements to the concepts of journalistic roles and role performance. This resulted in a negotiative theory of roles that focuses attention on intra- and interpersonal discourse as well as what we call “role work.”

The social role performance of depressed women: Comparisons with a normal group.

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrna M. Weissman ◽  
Eugene S. Paykel ◽  
Risé Siegel ◽  
Gerald L. Klerman
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
The Social

SOCIAL ROLE PERFORMANCE AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AMONG RECENTLY HOSPITALIZED AND NONHOSPITALIZED MOTHERS

1974 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERTRAM J. COHLER ◽  
HENRY U. GRUNEBAUM ◽  
JUSTIN L. WEISS ◽  
DONNA M. ROBBINS ◽  
RICHARD I. SHADER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Role Performance

Links Between Expressed Emotion and Burden of Care in Relatives of Patients with Schizophrenia

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Scazufca ◽  
Elizabeth Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Demographic Characteristic ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive And Negative Symptoms

BackgroundFindings that the EE level of a relative may change over time support the idea that EE may represent the circumstances of the relationship between patient and caregiver. The present study examines to what extent EE levels in relatives are related to relatives' burden of care and their perceptions of patients' deficits in social role performance.MethodFifty patients recently admitted to hospital with DSM–III–R diagnoses of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder were assessed for positive and negative symptoms. Fifty relatives who were living or were in close contact with these patients were interviewed for the assessment of EE and burden of care, and to provide information about patients' social role performance and social and behaviour problems.ResultsHigh-EE relatives had considerably higher mean scores for burden of care than low-EE relatives (12.5 v. 6.8, respectively, P=0.002), and perceived more deficits in patients' social functioning than low-EE relatives (means: 16.2 v. 6.9, respectively, P=0.004). The employment status of relatives was the only socio-demographic characteristic of relatives and patients associated with EE levels, those who were working being less likely to be high EE. Patients' psychopathology was not associated with EE levels and burden of care.ConclusionsThis study shows that EE and the burden of care are related. EE and burden both measure aspects of the relationship between relatives and patients. These findings suggest that EE and burden of care are more dependent on relatives' appraisal of the patient condition than on patients' actual deficits.

A Comparison of Psychiatric Patients and Normal Subjects Based on the Model of Human Occupation

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roann Barris ◽  
Virginia Dickie ◽  
Kathi Brenneman Baron
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Life Purpose ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Model Of Human Occupation

This study examined the empirical validity of the model of human occupation in psychosocial occupational therapy. A battery of instruments corresponding to the components of the model was administered to young adult patients with chronic conditions, patients with eating disorders, adolescents hospitalized for psychiatric disorders, and normal adults and adolescents. The only variables on which the groups did not differ significantly were the Fatalism subscale of the Internal—External Scale and the Future Meaning dimension of the Life Attitude Profile. A series of comparison regressions using ratings on each of four roles from the Role Performance Scale as criterion variables generally was more useful in explaining the performance of the group with eating disorders and less useful with the young adult group with chronic conditions. The regressions were also more useful in explaining social and productive role performance than in explaining leisure or self management role performance. In the most successful model, life purpose, self-control, existential vacuum, and family environment explained 46% of the variance in social role performance by the group with eating disorders. For young adult patients with chronic conditions, the best model—consisting of existential vacuum, past roles, self-control, family environment, and life purpose—accounted for 32% of the variance in performance of the productive (work or education) role. For the adolescents hospitalized with psychiatric disorders, skills, family environment, life purpose, and past roles accounted for 35% of the variance in social role performance.

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