Cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of affective disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARS VEDEL KESSING
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Case Register ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background. A review of studies of cognition in the euthymic phase of unipolar and bipolar affective disorder reveals diverging results.Methods. The study was designed as a controlled cohort study, with the Danish psychiatric case register of admissions used to identify patients and the Danish civil register to identify controls. Patients who were hospitalized between 19 and 25 years ago with an affective diagnosis and who at interviews fulfilled criteria for a primary affective unipolar or bipolar disorder, according to ICD-10, were compared with age- and gender-matched controls. Interviews and assessment of the cognitive function were made in the euthymic phase of the disorder. In all, 118 unipolar patients, 28 bipolar patients and 58 controls were included. Analyses were adjusted for differences in the level of education and for subclinical depressive and anxiety symptoms.Results. Patients with recurrent episodes were significantly more impaired than patients with a single episode and more impaired than controls. Also, within patients the number of prior episodes seemed to be associated with cognitive outcome. There was no difference in the severity of the dysfunction between unipolar and bipolar patients.Conclusions. Cognitive impairment in out-patients with unipolar and bipolar disorder appears to be associated with the number of affective episodes.

scholarly journals Use of Dermatoglyphic Parameters as Possible Markers in Bipolar Affective Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Pal ◽  
Sagarika Ray ◽  
Jishnu Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Primordial Prevention ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background: Bipolar affective disorder is an episodic illness characterized by fluctuating mood states. Association of dermatoglyphic traits with bipolar affective disorder has been observed in various studies. This study was undertaken to evaluate epidermal ridge patterns in bipolar patients as compared to healthy controls attending a super speciality district hospital in West Bengal. Context and purpose of study: Establishing dermatoglyphic parameters as biomarkers for early diagnosis and consequently, prompt intervention in bipolar affective disorder will ensure a greater scope of recovery, and thus promote a better quality of life for the individual as well as lower the burden of disease for the society. Methods: Quantitative dermatoglyphic parameters namely, Total Finger Ridge Count (TFRC), Total A-B Ridge Count (TABRC), and ATD Angle of 100 bipolar patients were compared to 100 age and gender matched healthy controls. Results: Statistically significant differences were found on comparing the dermatoglyphic parameters between cases and controls. TFRC was found to be decreased while ATD angle was increased in bipolar cases, as compared to the control group. However, no significant change was observed in TABRC between the two groups. Conclusions: This study found a significant association between dermatoglyphic pattern anomalies and the development of bipolarity. This may offer a scope of primordial prevention of bipolar disorder in future. Key words: Dermatoglyphics, ridge pattern, bipolar disorder, Total Finger Ridge Count (TFRC), Total A-B Ridge Count (TABRC), ATD angle.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG USE IN BIPOLAR PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Aysha Rashid ◽  
Mariam Haroon ◽  
Sumira Qambar Bokhari ◽  
Aysha Butt ◽  
Nauman Mazhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Bipolar Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background: Substance Use is highly associated with bipolar affective disorder, however the reason for the co-occurrence is unknown. It was evident that if a bipolar patient use  drug of abuse his outcome will be poor. Either it can directly trigger the affective symptoms, or may affect the treatment compliance indirectly. Aims: The objective of this study was to study the demographic correlates of drug abuse in patients with bi-polar affective disorder. Method: Cross-Sectional research design and non-probability consecutive sampling was used to collect data from a private clinic in Lahore. Data was comprised of 368 patients of bipolar disorder. Results: Out of a total of 368 bipolar patients, drug abuse was found in 147 patients that is 39.9%. The results showed that the mean age of the patients was 31.03 ±5.837; mean monthly income was 229597.82 ±164626.77 PKR. The mean duration of illness was 6.54 ±5.157. The mean number of drugs used was 2 ±0.875. The mean cost of drug was 29945.7 ±19068.8 PKR. The mean number of hospitalization was 2.47 ±1.694. Association  between drug use and  occupation of  bipolar patients (0.006), factors leading to initiation of drug use (0.000), family history of drug use (0.001), current episode (0.000) and the type of drugs used (0.000)  was statistically significant. Conclusion: The cause and effect relationship between drug use and bipolar disorder cannot be clearly identified. However occupation of the patient, reasons of initiating drugs, drug abuse in family, current episode as well as  type of drugs used have  significant association  with drug abuse in bipolar patients .

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratima
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Family caregivers of persons with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia experience high level of burden and compromised quality of life. A considerable amount of burden on the caregivers often leads to display of certain attitudes towards persons with severe mental illness called expressed emotion, which then leads to poor quality of patients as well. Although numerous studies dealing with these issues separately are present, but studies dealing with relationship, using mixed methodology, among these issues are scarce. The aim of the present study was to understand how actually the construct of quality of life in different demographic conditions affect life conditions of schizophrenic and bipolar patients and determining relapse. The present study was designed mainly to assess the quality of life on patients and the families of a particular group of patients namely those with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The objectives if the present research were to study: (i) the quality of life of patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective disorder. (ii) the quality of life of caregivers of patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective disorder. Patients with disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder are more likely to relapse when there is high expressed emotion present in their living environment. The stress from the remarks and attitudes of the family is overwhelming because they feel like the cause of the problems. The patient then falls into the cycle of relapse. The only way to escape this vortex for the family is to go through therapy together to prevent the relapse. But before that it becomes necessary to understand that what is the reason behind such attitude towards a family member who is mentally ill, what is the cause of burden and what all changes the caregivers’ and the patients’ quality of life come across.

scholarly journals DO BIPOLAR PATIENTS LACK MIND READING; AN ATTEMPT TO ASSESS THROUGH PICTURE SEQUENCING TASK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Kumar Rathi ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Kamal Kumar Verma ◽  
Divya Bishnoi
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Mind Reading ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Sequencing Task

Background: This paper reports the performance of ICD-10 diagnosed Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) patients on a well recognised measure of theory of mind (ToM) that commonly elicits  group related differences in schizophrenia research. Aims: (1) To assess Theory of mind in patients of Bipolar Affective Disorder.                                   (2)  To examine effect of mood on Theory of Mind. Method: Three groups were formed namely Control, BPAD (M) and BPAD (D). Each group was socio-demographically suitably matched and had 30 participants. Active symptomatology was assessed by using YMRS and MADRS in BPAD(M) and BPAD(D) cases respectively. Theory of mind was calculated using Landon and Clotheart (1999) Picture Sequencing Task. Results: Relative to controls, bipolar patients performed significantly worse on the ToM relevant false belief script in picture sequencing task but not on other types of task stories. No significant difference was observed in the ToM performance between the phase of bipolarity. Conclusion: The results support previous evidence of ToM deficit in BPAD and indicate a potential endophenotypic overlap in the phenomenology of both Schizophrenia and BPAD. Keywords: Theory of Mind, YMRS, MADRS, Picture Sequence Task

scholarly journals Neurocysticercosis presenting as bipolar disorder: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. e100663
Author(s):  
Surbhi Batra ◽  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Lokesh Singh Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Manic Episode ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Rule Out

Neurocysticercosis is the most common neuro-parasitosis caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium. The most common manifestations include seizures and hydrocephalus. Psychiatric abnormalities are relatively rare but depressive symptoms are frequent in patients with neurocysticercosis. However, mania as a presentation is relatively rare. Pregnancy and the postpartum period are relatively vulnerable times and they can lead to reactivation of existing neurocysterci lesions. We are discussing the case of a 23-year-old female patient with neurocysticercosis leading to the reactivation of lesions in the peripartum and postpartum period leading to bipolar affective disorder. Improvement in the patient was seen with a combination of antipsychotics, antihelmintics, antiepileptics and steroids, along with improved radiological signs of neurocysterci lesions. Although neurocysticercosis is a common illness, its prevalence presenting as a manic episode is merely 2.6% and, hence, missed easily. Therefore, it is important to rule out organic aetiology in patients even with a classic presentation of bipolar affective disorder and those having any other neurological symptoms and signs.

Depot Antipsychotics in the Prophylaxis of Bipolar Affective Disorder

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Littlejohn ◽  
F. Leslie ◽  
J. Cookson
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
British Journal ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Depot Antipsychotic ◽  
Depot Antipsychotics ◽  
Depot Medication

BackgroundThe efficacy of depot antipsychotic drugs in the prophylaxis of bipolar affective disorder was investigated.MethodLife charts were constructed for 18 outpatients with bipolar disorder receiving prophylactic treatment with depot medication. The durations of affective episodes were compared during periods on or off medication.ResultsThe subjects suffered fewer relapses and spent significantly less time in hospital (P = 0.001) for treatment of manic, depressive and mixed affective illness during treatment with depot antipsychotics.ConclusionsDepot antipsychotic medication may be a useful prophylactic treatment for certain patients with bipolar affective disorder.British Journal of Psychiatry (1994), 165, 827–829

Bipolar affective disorder

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Burns ◽  
Mike Firn
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Early Admission ◽  
Outreach Workers

This chapter deals with the other major psychotic illness, bipolar affective disorder. Bipolar disorder poses a difficult question for outreach workers, as patients are often well recovered between episodes—so should persisting outreach be provided? We report very good results in severe bipolar disorder where continuity of care has paid off. The chapter also deals with theories of causation and classification. The section on treatment identifies the importance of early admission in hypomania, the use of mood stabilizers, and the value of identifying and agreeing on relapse signatures. It also confirms the value of working hard to strengthen the therapeutic relationship and of psychosocial interventions such as psycho-education. Long-term work with these patients brings home just how persistent and disabling the depressive phases can be.

scholarly journals Impulsivity as a Clinical Marker for Bipolar Affective Disorder

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Omar ◽  
A N Elbatrawy ◽  
W M Sabry ◽  
H A Elkholy ◽  
W A Farrag
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Adult Psychiatry ◽  
Healthy Functioning ◽  
Substantial Morbidity

Abstract Background Bipolar disorder is one of the world’s 10 most disabling conditions, taking away years of healthy functioning from individuals, all bipolar disorders are chronically recurring illnesses associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Impulsivity considered an integral part of bipolar disorder. Operationalized as a predisposition to action without reflection or regard for consequences. Potential consequences of this increased impulsivity include substance abuse, suicidal attempts, and other serious behavioral problems. Aim of the Study The aim of the current study was to measure impulsivity in both BD euthymic patients and in healthy first-degree relatives of BD patients. And to assess the functional implications of impulsiveness, on psychosocial functioning and in bipolar disorder patients, their first-degree relatives. Patients and Methods A convenient sample of 50 patients; diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria were selected from the general adult psychiatry clinics and a convenient sample of 50 healthy first degree relatives of BD patients. Results We concluded by the end of this study that both cases and relatives have high overall impulsivity, and cases have higher impulsivity in comparison to relatives. Conclusion We suggest that impulsivity may be a potentially valuable candidate endophenotype for bipolar disorder.

scholarly journals Uncovering neurodevelopmental features in bipolar affective disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (01) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Valli ◽  
Chiara Fabbri ◽  
Allan H. Young
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Profiles ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Cluster Analytic

SummarySchizophrenia and bipolar disorder are genetically related and their clinical features overlap. Schizophrenia is conceptualised as a neurodevelopmental disorder but the evidence for bipolar disorder is less clear. Cluster-analytic approaches reveal different cognitive profiles within bipolar disorder, possibly reflective of differing neurodevelopmental loads, which are also suggested by recent genetic and neuroimaging studies. Such studies suggest the potential utility of further clinical subcategories in bipolar disorder based on neurodevelopmental load.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Altered Magnetic Resonance White-Matter T1 Values in Patients with Affective Disorder

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Dolan ◽  
A. M. Poynton ◽  
P. K. Bridges ◽  
M. R. Trimble
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Proton Relaxation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction ◽  
Unipolar Disorder ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
Bipolar Patients

The MRI T1 proton relaxation values were assessed in 14 patients with bipolar affective disorder and 10 with a unipolar disorder and a matched normal control group. The T1 values in the frontal white matter of patients significantly exceeded those of the controls. This difference was accounted for by an increase in T1 values in the frontal white matter of unipolar patients: the values for bipolar patients alone did not differ from those for controls. These preliminary findings support a hypothesis of frontal lobe dysfunction mediating pathological changes in mood.

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