scholarly journals Use of Dermatoglyphic Parameters as Possible Markers in Bipolar Affective Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Pal ◽  
Sagarika Ray ◽  
Jishnu Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Primordial Prevention ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background: Bipolar affective disorder is an episodic illness characterized by fluctuating mood states. Association of dermatoglyphic traits with bipolar affective disorder has been observed in various studies. This study was undertaken to evaluate epidermal ridge patterns in bipolar patients as compared to healthy controls attending a super speciality district hospital in West Bengal. Context and purpose of study: Establishing dermatoglyphic parameters as biomarkers for early diagnosis and consequently, prompt intervention in bipolar affective disorder will ensure a greater scope of recovery, and thus promote a better quality of life for the individual as well as lower the burden of disease for the society. Methods: Quantitative dermatoglyphic parameters namely, Total Finger Ridge Count (TFRC), Total A-B Ridge Count (TABRC), and ATD Angle of 100 bipolar patients were compared to 100 age and gender matched healthy controls. Results: Statistically significant differences were found on comparing the dermatoglyphic parameters between cases and controls. TFRC was found to be decreased while ATD angle was increased in bipolar cases, as compared to the control group. However, no significant change was observed in TABRC between the two groups. Conclusions: This study found a significant association between dermatoglyphic pattern anomalies and the development of bipolarity. This may offer a scope of primordial prevention of bipolar disorder in future. Key words: Dermatoglyphics, ridge pattern, bipolar disorder, Total Finger Ridge Count (TFRC), Total A-B Ridge Count (TABRC), ATD angle.

Cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of affective disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARS VEDEL KESSING
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Case Register ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background. A review of studies of cognition in the euthymic phase of unipolar and bipolar affective disorder reveals diverging results.Methods. The study was designed as a controlled cohort study, with the Danish psychiatric case register of admissions used to identify patients and the Danish civil register to identify controls. Patients who were hospitalized between 19 and 25 years ago with an affective diagnosis and who at interviews fulfilled criteria for a primary affective unipolar or bipolar disorder, according to ICD-10, were compared with age- and gender-matched controls. Interviews and assessment of the cognitive function were made in the euthymic phase of the disorder. In all, 118 unipolar patients, 28 bipolar patients and 58 controls were included. Analyses were adjusted for differences in the level of education and for subclinical depressive and anxiety symptoms.Results. Patients with recurrent episodes were significantly more impaired than patients with a single episode and more impaired than controls. Also, within patients the number of prior episodes seemed to be associated with cognitive outcome. There was no difference in the severity of the dysfunction between unipolar and bipolar patients.Conclusions. Cognitive impairment in out-patients with unipolar and bipolar disorder appears to be associated with the number of affective episodes.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of quantitative dermatoglyphic markers in schizophrenia patients and controls attending a superspeciality hospital in West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Pal ◽  
Sagarika Ray ◽  
Jishnu Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Primordial Prevention ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Background: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder encompassing multiple etiological variables. Association of dermatoglyphic traits with schizophrenia has been observed and reported. This study was undertaken to evaluate epidermal ridge patterns in patients of schizophrenia as compared to healthy controls attending a superspeciality hospital in West Bengal. Establishing dermatoglyphic parameters as biomarkers for early diagnosis will ensure prompt intervention and a greater scope of recovery in schizophrenia and thus promote a better quality of life for the individual as well as lower the burden of disease for the society.Methods: Quantitative dermatoglyphic parameters namely, total finger ridge count (TFRC), total A-B ridge count (TABRC) and ATD angle of 50 schizophrenia patients were compared to 50 age and gender matched healthy controls.Results: TFRC and TABRC were found to be decreased in schizophrenia, while ATD angle was increased in schizophrenia as compared to the control group.Conclusions: This study found a significant association between dermatoglyphic pattern anomalies and the development of schizophrenia. This may offer a scope of primordial prevention of schizophrenia in future, utilising dermatoglyphics as an investigative tool.

scholarly journals Altered Magnetic Resonance White-Matter T1 Values in Patients with Affective Disorder

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Dolan ◽  
A. M. Poynton ◽  
P. K. Bridges ◽  
M. R. Trimble
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Proton Relaxation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction ◽  
Unipolar Disorder ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
Bipolar Patients

The MRI T1 proton relaxation values were assessed in 14 patients with bipolar affective disorder and 10 with a unipolar disorder and a matched normal control group. The T1 values in the frontal white matter of patients significantly exceeded those of the controls. This difference was accounted for by an increase in T1 values in the frontal white matter of unipolar patients: the values for bipolar patients alone did not differ from those for controls. These preliminary findings support a hypothesis of frontal lobe dysfunction mediating pathological changes in mood.

Abnormal white matter integrity as a structural endophenotype for bipolar disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1547-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sarıçiçek ◽  
N. Zorlu ◽  
N. Yalın ◽  
C. Hıdıroğlu ◽  
B. Çavuşoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Corona Radiata ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Bipolar Patients

BackgroundSeveral lines of evidence suggest that bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with white matter (WM) pathology. Investigation of unaffected first-degree relatives of BD patients may help to distinguish structural biomarkers of genetic risk without the confounding effects of burden of illness, medication or clinical state. In the present study, we applied tract-based spatial statistics to study WM changes in patients with BD, unaffected siblings and controls.MethodA total of 27 euthymic patients with BD type I, 20 unaffected siblings of bipolar patients and 29 healthy controls who did not have any current or past diagnosis of Axis I psychiatric disorders were enrolled in the study.ResultsFractional anisotropy (FA) was significantly lower in BD patients than in the control group in the corpus callosum, fornix, bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, anterior thalamic radiation, posterior thalamic radiation, cingulum, uncinate fasciculus, superior corona radiata, anterior corona radiata and left external capsule. In region-of-interest (ROI) analyses, we found that both unaffected siblings and bipolar patients had significantly reduced FA in the left posterior thalamic radiation, the left sagittal stratum, and the fornix compared with healthy controls. Average FA for unaffected siblings was intermediate between the healthy controls and bipolar patients within these ROIs.ConclusionsDecreased FA in the fornix, left posterior thalamic radiation and left sagittal stratum in both bipolar patients and unaffected siblings may represent a potential structural endophenotype or a trait-based marker for BD.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG USE IN BIPOLAR PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Aysha Rashid ◽  
Mariam Haroon ◽  
Sumira Qambar Bokhari ◽  
Aysha Butt ◽  
Nauman Mazhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Bipolar Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background: Substance Use is highly associated with bipolar affective disorder, however the reason for the co-occurrence is unknown. It was evident that if a bipolar patient use  drug of abuse his outcome will be poor. Either it can directly trigger the affective symptoms, or may affect the treatment compliance indirectly. Aims: The objective of this study was to study the demographic correlates of drug abuse in patients with bi-polar affective disorder. Method: Cross-Sectional research design and non-probability consecutive sampling was used to collect data from a private clinic in Lahore. Data was comprised of 368 patients of bipolar disorder. Results: Out of a total of 368 bipolar patients, drug abuse was found in 147 patients that is 39.9%. The results showed that the mean age of the patients was 31.03 ±5.837; mean monthly income was 229597.82 ±164626.77 PKR. The mean duration of illness was 6.54 ±5.157. The mean number of drugs used was 2 ±0.875. The mean cost of drug was 29945.7 ±19068.8 PKR. The mean number of hospitalization was 2.47 ±1.694. Association  between drug use and  occupation of  bipolar patients (0.006), factors leading to initiation of drug use (0.000), family history of drug use (0.001), current episode (0.000) and the type of drugs used (0.000)  was statistically significant. Conclusion: The cause and effect relationship between drug use and bipolar disorder cannot be clearly identified. However occupation of the patient, reasons of initiating drugs, drug abuse in family, current episode as well as  type of drugs used have  significant association  with drug abuse in bipolar patients .

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratima
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Family caregivers of persons with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia experience high level of burden and compromised quality of life. A considerable amount of burden on the caregivers often leads to display of certain attitudes towards persons with severe mental illness called expressed emotion, which then leads to poor quality of patients as well. Although numerous studies dealing with these issues separately are present, but studies dealing with relationship, using mixed methodology, among these issues are scarce. The aim of the present study was to understand how actually the construct of quality of life in different demographic conditions affect life conditions of schizophrenic and bipolar patients and determining relapse. The present study was designed mainly to assess the quality of life on patients and the families of a particular group of patients namely those with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The objectives if the present research were to study: (i) the quality of life of patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective disorder. (ii) the quality of life of caregivers of patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective disorder. Patients with disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder are more likely to relapse when there is high expressed emotion present in their living environment. The stress from the remarks and attitudes of the family is overwhelming because they feel like the cause of the problems. The patient then falls into the cycle of relapse. The only way to escape this vortex for the family is to go through therapy together to prevent the relapse. But before that it becomes necessary to understand that what is the reason behind such attitude towards a family member who is mentally ill, what is the cause of burden and what all changes the caregivers’ and the patients’ quality of life come across.

Absence and size of massa intermedia in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Ceyhan ◽  
Baki Adapınar ◽  
Gokay Aksaray ◽  
Figen Ozdemir ◽  
Ertugrul Colak
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Alteration ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Objective:To evaluate the absence and size of massa intermedia (MI), a midline thalamic structure, and its gender-specific alteration in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Methods:Thirty-five patients with schizophrenia (17 females and 18 males), 21 patients with bipolar disorder (15 females and 6 males) and 89 healthy controls (50 females and 39 males) were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. Thin-slice magnetic resonance images of the brain were evaluated. MI was determined in coronal and sagittal images, and area of the MI was measured on the sagittal plane.Results:Females had a significantly lower incidence of absent MI compared with males in the healthy control group. The absence of MI in schizophrenia and bipolar patients was not higher than the incidence in healthy controls. The size of MI showed a gender difference. The mean MI area size was smaller in female schizophrenia patients than in female controls, while no significant difference was observed between male schizophrenia patients and their controls.Conclusions:The size of MI, a gender difference midline structure, is smaller in females with schizophrenia, and the results of this study support other studies of structural aberration of the thalamus and other midline structures in the brains of patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Psychological symptoms during and after Austrian first lockdown in individuals with bipolar disorder? A follow-up control-group investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Dalkner ◽  
Jolana Wagner-Skacel ◽  
Michaela Ratzenhofer ◽  
Frederike Fellendorf ◽  
Melanie Lenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, a global health crisis, has resulted in widespread socioeconomic restrictions including lockdown, social distancing, and self-isolation. To date, little is known about the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on patients with bipolar disorder as a particularly vulnerable group. Methods An online survey was conducted in Austria at two points of measurement (T1 April 2020 during the first lockdown vs. T2 May 2020 at post-lockdown). The sample comprises 20 patients with bipolar disorder (mean age = 49.4 ± 15.6 years) and 20 healthy controls (mean age = 32.7 ± 9.6 years). A 2 × 2 factorial design to compare two time points (T1 vs. T2) and two groups (patients vs. healthy controls) was used. Main outcome measures included the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) and a (non-validated and non-standardized) assessment to determine COVID-19 fears and emotional distress due to social distancing. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess the longitudinal association of COVID-19 fears/emotional distress due to social distancing during lockdown (T1) and psychological symptoms after lockdown (T2). Results At T1, results demonstrated higher scores in BSI-18 subscales depression, anxiety and global severity index as well as emotional distress due to social distancing in bipolar patients compared to controls. There was a significant time x group interaction in the BSI-18 subscale somatization showing a decreasing trend in patients with BD compared to controls. No time effects in BSI-18 subscales or COVID-19 fears/emotional distress due to social distancing were observed. Regression analyses showed that COVID-19 fears during lockdown predicted somatization, only in patients. Conclusions There was a connection between the lockdown measures and somatization symptoms observed in patients. When the first steps of easing the social restrictions in May 2020 took place, somatization decreased only in the bipolar compared to the control group. Higher COVID-19 fears during lockdown predicted later symptoms at post-lockdown. Long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic need further investigations to improve current therapeutic approaches and prevent fears and distress during lockdown in individuals with bipolar disorder in times of crisis.

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE PRESENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL SOFT SIGNS IN CONTROL POPULATION AND TO COMPARE FINDINGS WITH PATIENT POPULATIONS.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Ashutosh Singh ◽  
Dr. Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Dr. Anil Kumar Sisodia
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Bipolar Group ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
And Control

Background: The study was conducted at the Mental Health & Hospital, Agra. It is a tertiary referral center and a postgraduate teaching hospital. The hospital has a wide catchments area which includes diagnosis of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Result: The total number of neurological soft signs present in a subject. Schizophrenia group had the highest number of NSS (mean±SD= 10.43±4.13) then were the bipolar group (mean±SD= 5.63±3.46) and least number of NSS were in control group (mean±SD=1.03±1.73) i.e. bipolar group was intermediate between schizophrenia and control group in terms of total number of positive NSS. Results of one way ANOVA revealed significant group differences F (2, 87) =62.05, p<.01. Games-Howell post hoc comparisons revealed significant differences in Schizophrenia vs Bipolar group (p< .01), Schizophrenia Vs Control group (p< .01) as well as in Bipolar Vs Control group (p< .01) i.e. schizophrenia group had significantly higher number of positive NSS than bipolar and control group. Also bipolar group had significantly higher number of positive NSS than control group. Conclusion: On various subscales of Neurological Evaluation Scale, schizophrenia patients differed from bipolar patients on all the subscale but not on the sequencing of complex motor acts subscale. Neurological Soft Signs are present even during the symptom free period and therefore they are not due to the effects of active illness. Hence, these Neurological Soft Signs in our study may represent a trait like abnormality in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Keywords: Neurology, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder & Sign

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE PRESENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL SOFT SIGNS IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND BIPOLAR DISORDER AND COMPARE THE VARIOUS SUBSCALES.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Ashutosh Singh ◽  
Dr. Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Dr. Anil Kumar Sisodia
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Sensory Integration ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Bipolar Group ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
And Control

Background: The study was conducted at the Mental Health & Hospital, Agra. It is a tertiary referral center and a postgraduate teaching hospital. The hospital has a wide catchments area which includes diagnosis of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Result: It included AV integration, Stereognosis, Graphesthesia, Extinction and Right left confusion. On sensory integration subscale of NES schizophrenia group had the highest mean score (4.93±2.74) then were the bipolar group (1.50±1.98) and least score was of control group (0.20±0.66) i.e. on sensory integration subscale of NES bipolar group scores were intermediate between schizophrenia and control group. Results of one way ANOVA revealed significant group differences F (2, 87) =45.35, p< .01. Games-Howell post hoc comparisons revealed significant differences in Schizophrenia vs Bipolar group (p< .01), Schizophrenia Vs Control group (p< .01) as well as in Bipolar Vs Control group        (p< .01) i.e. on sensory integration subscale of NES schizophrenia patients scored significantly higher than bipolar and control group. Also bipolar group scored significantly higher than control group. Conclusion: On “Sensory Integration” subscale of NES, schizophrenia patients scored significantly higher than both the bipolar patients and controls. Bipolar patients scored significantly higher than controls. On “Motor Coordination” subscale of NES, schizophrenia patients scored significantly higher than both the bipolar patients and controls. But bipolar patients did not differed significantly from controls. Keywords: Neurology, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder & Sign

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