scholarly journals DO BIPOLAR PATIENTS LACK MIND READING; AN ATTEMPT TO ASSESS THROUGH PICTURE SEQUENCING TASK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anant Kumar Rathi ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Kamal Kumar Verma ◽  
Divya Bishnoi
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
False Belief ◽  
Mind Reading ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Sequencing Task

Background: This paper reports the performance of ICD-10 diagnosed Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) patients on a well recognised measure of theory of mind (ToM) that commonly elicits  group related differences in schizophrenia research. Aims: (1) To assess Theory of mind in patients of Bipolar Affective Disorder.                                   (2)  To examine effect of mood on Theory of Mind. Method: Three groups were formed namely Control, BPAD (M) and BPAD (D). Each group was socio-demographically suitably matched and had 30 participants. Active symptomatology was assessed by using YMRS and MADRS in BPAD(M) and BPAD(D) cases respectively. Theory of mind was calculated using Landon and Clotheart (1999) Picture Sequencing Task. Results: Relative to controls, bipolar patients performed significantly worse on the ToM relevant false belief script in picture sequencing task but not on other types of task stories. No significant difference was observed in the ToM performance between the phase of bipolarity. Conclusion: The results support previous evidence of ToM deficit in BPAD and indicate a potential endophenotypic overlap in the phenomenology of both Schizophrenia and BPAD. Keywords: Theory of Mind, YMRS, MADRS, Picture Sequence Task

Cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of affective disorder

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARS VEDEL KESSING
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Case Register ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background. A review of studies of cognition in the euthymic phase of unipolar and bipolar affective disorder reveals diverging results.Methods. The study was designed as a controlled cohort study, with the Danish psychiatric case register of admissions used to identify patients and the Danish civil register to identify controls. Patients who were hospitalized between 19 and 25 years ago with an affective diagnosis and who at interviews fulfilled criteria for a primary affective unipolar or bipolar disorder, according to ICD-10, were compared with age- and gender-matched controls. Interviews and assessment of the cognitive function were made in the euthymic phase of the disorder. In all, 118 unipolar patients, 28 bipolar patients and 58 controls were included. Analyses were adjusted for differences in the level of education and for subclinical depressive and anxiety symptoms.Results. Patients with recurrent episodes were significantly more impaired than patients with a single episode and more impaired than controls. Also, within patients the number of prior episodes seemed to be associated with cognitive outcome. There was no difference in the severity of the dysfunction between unipolar and bipolar patients.Conclusions. Cognitive impairment in out-patients with unipolar and bipolar disorder appears to be associated with the number of affective episodes.

scholarly journals Altered Magnetic Resonance White-Matter T1 Values in Patients with Affective Disorder

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Dolan ◽  
A. M. Poynton ◽  
P. K. Bridges ◽  
M. R. Trimble
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Proton Relaxation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction ◽  
Unipolar Disorder ◽  
Frontal White Matter ◽  
Bipolar Patients

The MRI T1 proton relaxation values were assessed in 14 patients with bipolar affective disorder and 10 with a unipolar disorder and a matched normal control group. The T1 values in the frontal white matter of patients significantly exceeded those of the controls. This difference was accounted for by an increase in T1 values in the frontal white matter of unipolar patients: the values for bipolar patients alone did not differ from those for controls. These preliminary findings support a hypothesis of frontal lobe dysfunction mediating pathological changes in mood.

scholarly journals Incidence of bipolar affective disorder in three UK cities

2005 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuhina Lloyd ◽  
Noel Kennedy ◽  
Paul Fearon ◽  
James Kirkbride ◽  
Rosemarie Mallett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
Incidence Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Minority Ethnic

BackgroundThere has been a relative dearth of epidemiological research into bipolar affective disorder. Furthermore, incidence studies of bipolar disorder have been predominantly retrospective and most only included hospital admission cases.AimsTo determine the incidence of operationally defined bipolar disorder in three areas of the UK and to investigate any differences in gender and ethnicity.MethodAll patients who contacted mental health services with first-episode psychosis or non-psychotic mania between September 1997 and August 1999 were identified and diagnosed according to ICD–10 criteria. Incidence rates of bipolar affective disorder were standardised for age and stratified by gender and ethnic group across the three areas.ResultsThe incidence rate per 100 000 per year in south-east London was over twice that in Nottingham and Bristol. There was no significant difference in the rates of disorder in men and women. Incidence rates of bipolar disorder in the combined Black and minority ethnic groups in all three areas were significantly higher than those of the comparison White groups.ConclusionsThe incidence of bipolar disorder was higher in south-east London than in the other two areas, and was higher among Black and minority ethnic groups than in the White population.

Bipolar Affective Disorder in Old Age

1980 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Shulman ◽  
Felix Post
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Recurrent Nature

SummaryIn a retrospective study of 67 elderly bipolar patients the first manic attack occurred at about age 60, often after a long period from the time of the first affective episode, after which further depressive episodes occurred. This calls into question Perris’ criteria for unipolar diagnosis. Among the men, a preponderance of cerebral-organic disorders was found. The evidence for sub-classification of bipolar disorders into secondary or symptomatic manias is discussed. The recurrent nature of the illness in old age stresses the need for further evaluation of lithium prophylaxis.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG USE IN BIPOLAR PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Aysha Rashid ◽  
Mariam Haroon ◽  
Sumira Qambar Bokhari ◽  
Aysha Butt ◽  
Nauman Mazhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Bipolar Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background: Substance Use is highly associated with bipolar affective disorder, however the reason for the co-occurrence is unknown. It was evident that if a bipolar patient use  drug of abuse his outcome will be poor. Either it can directly trigger the affective symptoms, or may affect the treatment compliance indirectly. Aims: The objective of this study was to study the demographic correlates of drug abuse in patients with bi-polar affective disorder. Method: Cross-Sectional research design and non-probability consecutive sampling was used to collect data from a private clinic in Lahore. Data was comprised of 368 patients of bipolar disorder. Results: Out of a total of 368 bipolar patients, drug abuse was found in 147 patients that is 39.9%. The results showed that the mean age of the patients was 31.03 ±5.837; mean monthly income was 229597.82 ±164626.77 PKR. The mean duration of illness was 6.54 ±5.157. The mean number of drugs used was 2 ±0.875. The mean cost of drug was 29945.7 ±19068.8 PKR. The mean number of hospitalization was 2.47 ±1.694. Association  between drug use and  occupation of  bipolar patients (0.006), factors leading to initiation of drug use (0.000), family history of drug use (0.001), current episode (0.000) and the type of drugs used (0.000)  was statistically significant. Conclusion: The cause and effect relationship between drug use and bipolar disorder cannot be clearly identified. However occupation of the patient, reasons of initiating drugs, drug abuse in family, current episode as well as  type of drugs used have  significant association  with drug abuse in bipolar patients .

scholarly journals Impulsivity as a Risk Factor for Suicide in Bipolar Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Zakowicz ◽  
Maria Skibińska ◽  
Karolina Wasicka-Przewoźna ◽  
Bartosz Skulimowski ◽  
Filip Waśniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Continuous Performance Task ◽  
Character Inventory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bipolar Patients

The accurate assessment of suicide risk in psychiatric, especially affective disorder diagnosed patients, remains a crucial clinical need. In this study, we applied temperament and character inventory (TCI), Barratt impulsiveness scale 11 (BIS-11), PEBL simple reaction time (SRT) test, continuous performance task (CPT), and Iowa gambling task (IGT) to seek for variables linked with attempted suicide in bipolar affective disorder group (n = 60; attempters n = 17). The main findings were: strong correlations between self-report tool scores and objective parameters in CPT; the difference between attempters and non-attempters was found in the number of correctly responded trials in IGT; only one parameter differed between attempters and non-attempters in BPI diagnosis; and no significant differences between suicide attempters and non-attempters in TCI, BIS-11, and SRT were found. These justify the conclusion that impulsivity itself is not a strong predictor, and used as a single variable might not be sufficient to indicate the high suicide risk group among bipolar patients.

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratima
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Family caregivers of persons with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia experience high level of burden and compromised quality of life. A considerable amount of burden on the caregivers often leads to display of certain attitudes towards persons with severe mental illness called expressed emotion, which then leads to poor quality of patients as well. Although numerous studies dealing with these issues separately are present, but studies dealing with relationship, using mixed methodology, among these issues are scarce. The aim of the present study was to understand how actually the construct of quality of life in different demographic conditions affect life conditions of schizophrenic and bipolar patients and determining relapse. The present study was designed mainly to assess the quality of life on patients and the families of a particular group of patients namely those with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The objectives if the present research were to study: (i) the quality of life of patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective disorder. (ii) the quality of life of caregivers of patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective disorder. Patients with disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder are more likely to relapse when there is high expressed emotion present in their living environment. The stress from the remarks and attitudes of the family is overwhelming because they feel like the cause of the problems. The patient then falls into the cycle of relapse. The only way to escape this vortex for the family is to go through therapy together to prevent the relapse. But before that it becomes necessary to understand that what is the reason behind such attitude towards a family member who is mentally ill, what is the cause of burden and what all changes the caregivers’ and the patients’ quality of life come across.

scholarly journals Association between bipolar affective disorder, use of antidepressants and osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-96
Author(s):  
Mina Cvjetkovic-Bosnjak ◽  
Milana Okanovic ◽  
Sanja Pavlovic ◽  
Olga Zivanovic ◽  
Vesna Vasic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Mood Stabilizer ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

Introduction/Objective. Osteoporosis is one of the most common comorbid disorders in depressive mood disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the association between use of antidepressants and osteoporosis in patients with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD). Methods. The study included 73 inpatients, aged 50-72 years, male and female, hospitalized with depressive episode of BPAD from 2016-2020 at Clinic of psychiatry, Clinical centre of Vojvodina, devided in two groups: a) first group (40) was treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in combination with mood stabilizer (lithium carbonate/lamotrigine), b) second group (33) was treated with mood stabilizer only. Study included two control groups, too. Clinical measurements of bone mineral density at lumbal spine and hip was made using dual energy X-ray absortiometry. CrossLaps and level of calcium and vitamin D were collected from blood sample. Data was analyzed by Analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results. Osteoporosis was registered in 25% of patients in the first group and in 18% of patients in second group, while osteopenia was observed within 40% of patients in the first group and in 37% of patients in the second group. There was significant difference in value of CrossLaps, and level of 25 (OH) D vitamin between control groups and first two groups, as well as in prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia. Conclusion. Depressive episode in BPAD is connected with higher prevalence of osteoporosis. Patients treated with SSRIs have higher prevalence of osteoporosis than patients treated with mood stabilizers only

scholarly journals Standards of Lithium Treatment Monitoring In a Teaching Hospital in South India among Bipolar Affective Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sureshkumar Ramasamy ◽  
Dr. Shilpa Srinivasan ◽  
Dr. Shree Aarthi Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Retrospective Audit ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background: Lithium is a commonly used drug with a narrow therapeutic index, it has significant adverse effects on kidney and thyroid, and is life threatening during intoxication. Maudsley guidelines on managing bipolar affective disorder patients (BPAD) with lithium recommends checking weight at baseline and every 3rd month, serum lithium after 7th day thereafter 3 months once, renal function test and serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) at baseline and 6 months once. Aim: To evaluate whether Pre-Lithium workup and monitoring is done in Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) patients initiated on Lithium as per Maudsley prescribing guidelines in psychiatry. Method: Retrospective audit conducted in a tertiary care hospital on lithium monitoring in BPAD patients treated with lithium atleast for six months compared against Maudsley prescribing guidelines. Results: Among medical records of 114 bipolar patients fulfilling study criteria, weight and serum lithium at baseline was checked in 100% of patients; serum creatinine and TSH at baseline along with lithium at 3rd month was done in 83.3%, 78.9% and 68.4% of patients respectively. Maudsley guidelines for serum creatinine, TSH and lithium level at 6th month were met only in 43.8%, 43.8% and 72.8% of patients respectively. Conclusion: The quality of lithium monitoring in bipolar patients falls well short of accepted standards; Hence addressing the issues in monitoring and following a standard protocol can improve the effectiveness of treatment and quality of life of patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document