Tāla and melody in early Indian music: a study of Nānyadeva's Pāṇikā songs with musical notation

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-508
Author(s):  
D. R. Widdess
Keyword(s):  
Art Music ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Musical Notation ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Indian Music ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rhythmic Organization ◽  
North And South ◽  
Indian Art

Detailed information about the rhythmic organization of Indian art-music in the pre-Muslim period is provided by three Sanskrit treatises: the Nātyaśāstra attributed to Bharata (compiled before the fifth century A.D.: hereafter cited as BhNS); the Dattilam of Dattila (DD; of similar date); and the Saṅgītaratnākara of Śārṅgadeva (SSR; written between 1210 and 1247). The system of rhythm described in these texts differs in many respects from the tālasystems of modern North and South Indian music. It is therefore of the greatest interest to find, albeit in a comparatively late source (c. 1100), examples of melodies from the pre-Muslim period preserved in notation, which appear to exemplify the early Indian rhythmic system, and from which it is possible to draw conclusions about the relationship between tala and melody.

scholarly journals RELATION OF ANCIENT MATARAM TEMPLE BASED ON NORTH INDIA AND SOUTH INDIA’S CHARACTERISTICS: FROM THE FIGURE-TECTONICS, MASS-SPACE STUDY, AND ORNAMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 334-347
Author(s):  
Samuel H. B. Danuleksono ◽  
Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
South India ◽  
Reverse Flow ◽  
North India ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Central Java ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

Abstract- Hinduism is a religion that was born in India and has developed rapidly into the archipelago with evidence of Sanskrit inscriptions and Pallava. The religion had a significant influence on Java which changed the political, economic, social and cultural life which at that time was still a kingdom. The arrival of Indians to Indonesia affected by the reverse flow between Indonesia and India and India and Indonesia. This can be seen by the presence of Indonesian dormitories in Nalanda (North India) and Nagapattinam (South India). The influence of North and South India can be seen from the existence of Hindu-Buddhist temples in the Archipelago which was built in one of the Hindu kingdoms, namely the Kingdom of Ancient Mataram which had areas of authority from Central Java to East Java. The temples that were built are thought to have an identity with temples in North and South India in terms of figure, inner space tectonics, mass layout, spatial planning, and ornamentation. This identity is thought to be a close relationship between North India and South India with Indonesia, especially in the era of Ancient Mataram. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship or relationship of Ancient Mataram era temple architecture to North and South Indian temple architecture. The analysis method used is the comparative – qualitative method. Work plans, plans, pieces, site plans, and block plans of 28 Hindu-Buddha tower types in Central Java will be compared in terms of similarities and differences and then analyzed regarding the position of the laying, and elements of the temple so that the relationship between the two countries is found. Data obtained from literature studies and field surveys. The conclusion drawn from this study is that there is a closer relationship with South India than North India. The influence of North India and South India is only limited to the external appearance in the study of figure and ornamentation, while in the study of mass and spatial planning and inner space tectonics is more developed by the people of Ancient Mataram which is adjusted to traditional values and natural influences.     Key Words: figure, tectonics, mass layout, spatial planning, ornamentation, North and South India, Ancient Mataram

scholarly journals One Fusion Among Many: Merging Bali, India, and the West through Modernism

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-100
Author(s):  
Michael Tenzer
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
World Music ◽  
The West ◽  
European Tradition ◽  
Balinese Gamelan ◽  
Indian Music ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Composition Technique

The relationship between world music traditions and modernist art music in the European tradition is often explored in composers’ musical fusions, but the motivations and aesthetics of such works often receive less notice than those grounded in post-modern (minimalist, popular music) approaches. In this essay the author asserts a particular relationship between rigorous modern composition technique and the highly rational patterning of Indonesian and Indian music, and follow this with analysis of Unstable Centre/Puser Belah (2003) a work composed for two simultaneous Balinese gamelan. The analysis demonstrates fusion at detailed levels of pattern and structure, but the article closes with a self-critical assessment of the venture.

Fortuna in Translation, Fortuna as Translation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Miano
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Century ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Magna Graecia ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter considers the relationship between Fortuna and Tyche as one of translatability. The first half of the chapter focuses on Tyche, with the aim of determining semantic and structural elements common with Fortuna. The second part of the chapter looks at instances in which Fortuna is translated in Greek. The appearance of bronze strigils bearing the epithet soteira from Praeneste in the fourth century BC seems to presuppose this translation, and also points to the salvific meanings of Fortuna as a base for the process of translation. This process of translation had probably occurred through early contacts between Latium, Sicily, and Magna Graecia, where Tyche seems to be associated with salvation already from the fifth century BC. Other instances of translations of Fortuna and Tyche are studied across the Aegean.

Syriac and Syro-Arabic Historical Writing, c.500–c.1400

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Debié ◽  
David Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Fifth Century ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Imperial History ◽  
Church Structures ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter analyzes how Syriac historiography is a rare example of non-etatist, non-imperial, history writing. It was produced, copied, and preserved entirely within Christian church structures. The Syriac-using Christians, however, were divided into numerous rival denominations and communities as a consequence both of the fifth-century theological controversies and of geopolitical boundaries. And since both of these factors strongly influenced both the motivations which underpinned the production of history writing and the forms it took, historians need to have some knowledge of these rival Syriac denominations. Because of internal Christian debates about the relationship of the divinity and humanity within Christ during the fifth century, the Syriac-using churches fragmented. All accepted that Christ was perfect God and perfect man, but differed fiercely about how to articulate this.

IV.—The Geological Development, Descent and Distribution of the Mammalia

1893 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 401-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl A. von Zittel
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
The Past ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
North And South America ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South ◽  
Animal World

In a spirited treatise on the ‘Origin of our Animal World’ Prof. L. Rütimeyer, in the year 1867, described the geological development and distribution of the mammalia, and the relationship of the different faunas of the past with each other and with that now existing. Although, since the appearance of that masterly sketch the palæontological material has been, at least, doubled through new discoveries in Europe and more especially in North and South America, this unexpected increase has in most instances only served as a confirmation of the views which Rutimeyer advanced on more limited experience. At present, Africa forms the only great gap in our knowledge of the fossil mammalia; all the remaining parts of the world can show materials more or less abundantly, from which the course followed by the mammalia in their geological development can be traced with approximate certainty.

Lament and Revenge in the Hekabe of Euripides

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian M. Billing
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Funerary Practices ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Female Lament

In this article Christian M. Billing considers the relationship between female lament and acts of vengeance in fifth-century Athenian society and its theatre, with particular emphasis on the Hekabe of Euripides. He uses historical evidence to argue that female mourning was held to be a powerfully transgressive force in the classical period; that considerable social tensions existed as a result of the suppression of female roles in traditional funerary practices (social control arising from the move towards democracy and the development of forensic processes as a means of social redress); and that as a piece of transvestite theatre, authored and performed by men to an audience made up largely, if not entirely, of that sex, Euripides' Hekabe demonstrates significant gender-related anxiety regarding the supposedly horrific consequences of allowing women to speak at burials, or to engage in lament as part of uncontrolled funerary ritual. Christian M. Billing is an academic and theatre practitioner working in the fields of ancient Athenian and early modern English and European drama. He has worked extensively as a director and actor and has also taught at a number of universities in the United Kingdom and the USA. He is currently Lecturer in Drama at the University of Hull.

The Date and Circumstances of Olympiodorus of Thebes

Traditio ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Gillett
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Imperial Court ◽  
Political Narrative ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Western Half

Olympiodorus of Thebes is an important figure for the history of late antiquity. The few details of his life preserved as anecdotes in hisHistorygive glimpses of a career which embraced the skills of poet, philosopher, and diplomat. A native of Egypt, he had influence at the imperial court of Constantinople, among the sophists of Athens, and even outside the borders of the empire. HisHistory(more correctly, his “materials for history”) is lost, surviving only as fragments in the narratives of Zosimus, Sozomen, and Philostorgius, and in the rich summary given by the ninth-century Byzantine patriarch Photius. These remains comprise the most substantial narrative sources for events in the western Roman Empire in the early fifth century. Besides its value as a source, theHistoryis important as a monument to the vitality of the belief in the unity of the Roman Empire under the Theodosian dynasty. Olympiodorus wrote in Greek, and knowledge of his work is attested only in Constantinople, yet his political narrative, from 407 to 425, concerns only events in the western half of the empire. To understand the significance of these facts, it is necessary to set the composition of Olympiodorus's work in its proper context. Clarifying the date of publication is the first step toward this goal. Internal and external evidence suggests that the work was written in 440 or soon after, more than a decade later than the date of composition usually accepted. Taken with thematic emphases evident in the structure of theHistory, this revised dating explains why an eastern writer should have written a detailed account of western events in the early part of the century. Olympiodorus's account is a characteristic product of the highly literate class of eastern imperial civil servants, and of their genuine preoccupation with the relationship between the eastern and western halves of the Roman Empire at a time when both were threatened by the rise of the new Carthaginian power of the Vandals.

Leadership for the Christian Empire: Emperors and Bishops in theEcclesiastical Historyof Philostorgius

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-717
Author(s):  
Anna Lankina
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Early Christianity ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Ecclesiastical History ◽  
Theory Of History ◽  
The Relationship

The fifth-centuryEcclesiastical Historyof Philostorgius is an unusual example of a surviving minority source. Although scholars have mined his work for raw data on events between 320 and 425c.e., in contrast to other contemporary ecclesiastical historians, Philostorgius has received little attention. His work has suffered derision, being seen as nothing more than “Arian” polemic and thus as more partisan than its pro-Nicene counterparts. This essay analyzes Philostorgius's role as one of many competitive voices participating in the composition of historical works for the elite readership of Constantinople in the fifth century. Philostorgius'sEcclesiastical Historyconstituted an integral part of the historiography of late antiquity and early Christianity. His representation of the relationship between bishops and emperors reveals a distinctive theory of history which informs his entire work.

scholarly journals The relationship between Le Van Duyet and Minh Mang in the first 30 years of the power concentration process in the Nguyen Dynasty

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
Thuan Tran ◽  
Toan Phuc Vo
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Great Power ◽  
National Defense ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
North And South

Upon founding the dynasty, Gia Long upheld a politico-military on a vast territory with two administrative units of power ruling over the two areas now named the North and South of Vietnam respectively. Gia Dinh Citadel – the administrative unit ruling the South of Vietnam with a very important role in economy, national defense, and diplomacy – was headed by Le Van Duyet. In the first 30 years of the Nguyen Dynasty, along with the transfer of power from the Gia Long to the Minh Mang was the position assertion of Le Van Duyet in Gia Dinh Citadel, making him one of the most powerful figures. However, the transfer of the throne also marked the concentration of power into the hands of the central government ruled by the emperor; thus, leading to the elimination of administrative units upholding great power such as Gia Dinh Citadel. This process took place in a quite complex manner due to intrinsic problems revolving around the relationship between Minh Mang and Le Van Duyet – the relationship between a king and a high-ranking mandarin with great power. The paper describes the maneuver of political relations between the two characters in the 30 years of power concentration from a fresher point of view.

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