Field Test of the WeevilHadroplonthus trimaculatusand the FleabeetlePsylliodes chalcomeraAgainst Musk Thistle (Carduus nutans)

Weed Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Dunn ◽  
Gaetano Campobasso
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Biological Control Of Weeds ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Test Plants

This study was conducted to determine if field evaluations could be used to select insects for biological control of musk thistle. Host specificity and larval development of a weevil,Hadroplonthus trimaculatus, and a fleabeetle,Psylliodes chalcomera, were studied in field trials near Rome, Italy, in which insects were allowed free choice of several hosts. Natural populations of these two insects, which do not occur in North America, were exposed to North American species ofCirsium, Carduus, and selected crops. Adult insects and larvae on host plants were identified and counted on test plants from North America and native attraction plants. In addition to infesting musk thistle, weevil adults and larvae were recorded on flodman thistle, wavyleaf thistle, and spinosissimum thistle. Consequently, this insect was not suitable for introduction into North America. The fleabeetle would be satisfactory for biological control since no adults or larvae were recorded onCirsiumspp. or economic plants. These studies show that field trials are a valid method for identifying specific and nonspecific candidate insects for biological control of weeds.

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Cuda ◽  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R. Minteer-Killian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

The potential for the use of herbarium specimens to determine the host plants of Ceutorhynchus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gillespie ◽  
Beth I. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Herbarium Collections ◽  
Developing Knowledge

AbstractThe host plants of native Ceutorhynchus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) species are poorly known in North America, and knowledge of these is essential for biological control programmes involving this genus of weevils. We hypothesised that weevil larva emergence holes on plant specimens in herbarium collections might reveal potential plant-insect associations, and help locate populations of hosts for non-target testing. We examined 1114 plant specimens in 16 genera and 60 species of Brassicaceae and found 70 specimens among 30 species that showed evidence of feeding injury and exit holes typical of Ceutorhynchus. We used this information to locate populations of two species of Ceutorhynchus. Herbarium collections may be useful tools for developing knowledge of host plant associations for species of Ceutorhynchus.

Root Biology of Grasses and Ecology of Rhizobacteria for Biological Control

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 610-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horace D. Skipper ◽  
Alex G. Ogg ◽  
Ann C. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
Initial Model ◽  
Biological Control Of Weeds ◽  
Commercial Success

Rhizobacteria are being evaluated for promotion of plant growth and for biological control of weeds, insects, diseases, and nematodes. Although considerable efforts have been allocated to this approach to biological control, commercial success remains elusive yet intriguing. In this review, the root biology of downy brome and winter wheat is described as an initial model of the information needed for other plant hosts. A limited review of rhizobacteria in disease management is presented to demonstrate the potential and some limitations with rhizobacteria as biocontrol agents. Several techniques are described to improve the survival of a rhizobacterium to suppress downy brome. To achieve success with rhizobacteria in pest management, more information is needed on the root biology of the host plants and the ecology of the rhizobacteria.

scholarly journals Parasitoid Guilds ofAgrilusWoodborers (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): Their Diversity and Potential for Use in Biological Control

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip B. Taylor ◽  
Jian J. Duan ◽  
Roger W. Fuester ◽  
Mark Hoddle ◽  
Roy Van Driesche
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Native Parasitoids ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Egg Parasitism ◽  
Hymenopteran Parasitoids

Literature studies in North America (US and Canada), Europe, and Asia (particularly Russia, China, Japan, and the Korean peninsula) were reviewed to identify parasitoid guilds associated withAgriluswoodborers. There are at least 12 species of hymenopteran parasitoids attacking eggs ofAgrilusbeetles and 56 species (36 genera), attackingAgriluslarvae infesting various host plants in North America, Asia, and Europe. While most of the egg parasitoids (9 species) belong to the family Encyrtidae, a majority of the larval parasitoids are members of five families: Braconidae (24 species/11 genera), Eulophidae (8 species/4 genera), Ichneumonidae (10 species/9 genera), and Eupelmidae (6 species/5 genera). The highest rate ofAgrilusegg parasitism (>50%) was exerted by encyrtid wasps (4 species) in North America, Asia, and Europe. In contrast, the highest rate ofAgriluslarval parasitism (>50%) was caused by species in two genera of braconids:Atanycolus(North America) andSpathius(Asia), and one eulophid genus,Tetrastichus(Asia and Europe). Reported rate ofAgriluslarval parasitism ichneumonids was frequent in North America, but generally low (<1%). Potential for success in biological control of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennisFairmaire) in the USA with North American native parasitoids and old-association Asian parasitoids is discussed.

CHAETOCNEMA CONCINNA (MARSHAM, 1802), A EUROPEAN FLEA BEETLE INTRODUCED IN NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: ALTICINAE)

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Laurent Lesage
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
First Time

AbstractChaetocnema concinna (Marsham, 1802), a European flea beetle, is reported for the first time from Canada. Preliminary collection data indicate that it may feed on the same host plants as in Europe. It has been collected to date in Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and Maine.

Host plants of someRhinanthoideae (Scrophulariaceae) of eastern North America

1977 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lytton J. Musselman ◽  
William F. Mann
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Eastern North America
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