Parasitoid Guilds ofAgrilusWoodborers (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): Their Diversity and Potential for Use in Biological Control

Literature studies in North America (US and Canada), Europe, and Asia (particularly Russia, China, Japan, and the Korean peninsula) were reviewed to identify parasitoid guilds associated withAgriluswoodborers. There are at least 12 species of hymenopteran parasitoids attacking eggs ofAgrilusbeetles and 56 species (36 genera), attackingAgriluslarvae infesting various host plants in North America, Asia, and Europe. While most of the egg parasitoids (9 species) belong to the family Encyrtidae, a majority of the larval parasitoids are members of five families: Braconidae (24 species/11 genera), Eulophidae (8 species/4 genera), Ichneumonidae (10 species/9 genera), and Eupelmidae (6 species/5 genera). The highest rate ofAgrilusegg parasitism (>50%) was exerted by encyrtid wasps (4 species) in North America, Asia, and Europe. In contrast, the highest rate ofAgriluslarval parasitism (>50%) was caused by species in two genera of braconids:Atanycolus(North America) andSpathius(Asia), and one eulophid genus,Tetrastichus(Asia and Europe). Reported rate ofAgriluslarval parasitism ichneumonids was frequent in North America, but generally low (<1%). Potential for success in biological control of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennisFairmaire) in the USA with North American native parasitoids and old-association Asian parasitoids is discussed.

Download Full-text

Phenology of Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and Its Introduced Larval Parasitoids in the Northeastern United States

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/toz304 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 113 (2) ◽

pp. 622-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael I Jones ◽

Juli R Gould ◽

Hope J Mahon ◽

Melissa K Fierke

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

New York ◽

Biological Control ◽

North America ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

Emerald Ash Borer ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Agrilus Planipennis ◽

Larval Parasitoids

Abstract Biological control offers a long-term and sustainable option for controlling the destructive forest pest emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, in North America. Three larval parasitoids, Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Eulophidae), and Spathius galinae Belokobylskij & Strazanac, have been introduced to North America from the native range of EAB (northeastern Asia). While T. planipennisi appears to be persisting where it has been introduced in northern United States, S. agrili failed to establish in northeastern states. The more recently identified parasitoid S. galinae was recovered from the Russian Far East and climate matching suggests it should be suited for release in colder climates. We collected data on the phenology of EAB and its introduced larval parasitoids from colonies established in an insectary, growth chambers, and field-caged trees in Syracuse, New York to determine whether asynchrony between parasitoids and EAB or climate could impact establishment and persistence. Phenological data indicated EAB has one and 2-yr life cycles in New York, with parasitoid-susceptible EAB larvae available spring to fall for parasitism. Insectary and growth chamber studies indicated S. galinae and T. planipennisi were synchronous with EAB phenology, and field studies suggested both species could overwinter in northeastern climates. Spathius agrili was asynchronous with EAB phenology and climate, emerging when fewer parasitoid-susceptible EAB larvae were available and temperatures were not optimal for survival. Our results suggest S. galinae and T. planipennisi are suited for biological control of EAB at the northern limits of its range in North America.

Download Full-text

Agrilus planipennis (emerald ash borer).

10.1079/cpc.3780.20210102619 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marc Kenis

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Plant Protection ◽

Emerald Ash Borer ◽

Agrilus Planipennis ◽

Wood Products ◽

Economic Damage ◽

The Usa ◽

Canadian Provinces ◽

Ornamental Trees ◽

Wood Boring

Abstract The emerald ash borer, A. planipennis is an East Asian wood-boring beetle that is presently causing dramatic damage to ash (Fraxinus spp.) in the USA and Canada. Since its discovery in 2002 in Michigan, the beetle has quickly spread to at least 15 US States and Canadian Provinces, mainly through the transport of infested firewood and other wood products. In about 10 years, it is estimated that the beetle has killed over 30 million forest and ornamental trees, causing significant economic damage as well as serious concern for the survival of several ash species and related biodiversity and ecosystems in North America. The beetle has recently been discovered in the region of Moscow, from where it could invade the whole of Europe. Given its enormous impact in North America, the beetle is now on the alert list of many global, regional and national plant protection and environment protection organizations worldwide.

Download Full-text

Horizontal transmission of the entomopathogenic fungal isolate INRS-242 of Beauveria bassiana in emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire

10.1101/532838 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Narin Srei ◽

Robert Lavallée ◽

Claude Guertin

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

North America ◽

Beauveria Bassiana ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Horizontal Transmission ◽

Emerald Ash Borer ◽

Control Agent ◽

Agrilus Planipennis ◽

Fungal Isolate ◽

Ash Trees

AbstractEmerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, is an invasive and destructive beetle that causes extensive damages to ash trees in North America. The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is considered as an effective biological control agent for EAB adult populations. Using an assisted autodissemination with the fungal isolate INRS-242 of B. bassiana, our research aims to investigate the possibility of horizontal transmission of the fungal disease from infected to uninfected EAB adults during mating. Results show that the efficiency of fungal transmission is significantly related to the sex of EAB carrying the pathogen. EAB males are the promising vector to transmit INRS-242 isolate of B. bassiana to their partners during mating. Results strengthen the potential of the fungal autodissemination device as a powerful biological strategy to control EAB populations.

Download Full-text

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-in1186-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 (6) ◽

Author(s):

James P. Cuda ◽

Patricia Prade ◽

Carey R. Minteer-Killian

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

North America ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Host Plants ◽

Classical Biological Control ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Pepper Tree ◽

Brazilian Pepper ◽

Close Relatives ◽

Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

Download Full-text

The Ecology, Behavior, and Biological Control Potential of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Woodwasps (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in North America

Environmental Entomology ◽

10.1603/en11280 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 731-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

David R. Coyle ◽

Kamal J. K. Gandhi

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

North America ◽

Control Potential ◽

Biological Control Potential ◽

Hymenopteran Parasitoids

Download Full-text

Challenges, tactics and integrated management of emerald ash borer in North America

Forestry An International Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1093/forestry/cpz049 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Deborah G McCullough

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Emerald Ash Borer ◽

Interspecific Variation ◽

Agrilus Planipennis ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Ash Trees ◽

Invasion Impacts ◽

Individual Trees

Abstract Emerald ash borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), discovered in southeastern Michigan, USA in 2002, has become the most destructive and costly invasive forest insect in North America. This phloem-boring beetle has also invaded Moscow, Russia and continued spread of EAB potentially threatens European ash (Fraxinus spp.) species. This review summarizes EAB life history, including interspecific variation in host preference, invasion impacts and challenges of detecting new infestations and provides an overview of available management tactics. Advances in systemic insecticides, particularly emamectin benzoate products applied via trunk injection, have yielded effective and practical options both to protect individual trees and to slow EAB population growth and ash decline on an area-wide basis without disrupting natural enemies. Economic costs of treating ash are substantially lower than removal costs, retain ecosystem services provided by the trees, reduce sociocultural impacts and conserve genetic diversity in areas invaded by EAB. Girdled ash trees are highly attractive to EAB adults in low-density populations and debarking small girdled trees to locate larval galleries is the most effective EAB detection method. An array of woodpeckers, native larval parasitoids and introduced parasitoids attack EAB life stages but mortality is highly variable. Area-wide management strategies that integrate insecticide-treated trees, girdled ash trap trees and biological control can be adapted for local conditions to slow and reduce EAB impacts.

Download Full-text

Estimates of emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) larval galleries in branch samples from asymptomatic urban ash trees (Oleaceae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2015.68 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 148 (3) ◽

pp. 361-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jean J. Turgeon ◽

Jeffrey G. Fidgen ◽

Krista L. Ryall ◽

Taylor A. Scarr

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

North America ◽

Surface Area ◽

Predictive Power ◽

Emerald Ash Borer ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Agrilus Planipennis ◽

Significant Source ◽

Resource Managers ◽

Ash Trees

AbstractAgrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is causing extensive mortality of ash (Fraxinus Linnaeus; Oleaceae) in North America. Once detected in an area, resource managers require methods to obtain estimates that could improve management decisions. We studied the within-crown and within-branch distribution and abundance of A. planipennis feeding galleries by sampling 3-m-long branches from asymptomatic urban ash trees and subdividing each branch into 12 sections of 25 cm each. We found galleries in all 12 sections of some, but not all, branches. Section was a significant source of variation in A. planipennis gallery density/m2 of branch surface area. A comparison of predictive power and efficiency of estimates for samples of increasing length, and for samples of the same length but consisting of different combinations of sections, revealed that those based on the two basal 25-cm sections of a branch from the lower-crown or mid-crown of an asymptomatic tree were less accurate and precise than those based on more sections, but were the most cost effective. Whittling more sections per branch, irrespective of the combinations of branch sections per length, improved predictive power but reduced cost effectiveness. We also observed that crown level was not important, and aspect was only marginally so, when estimating gallery abundance per sampled branch.

Download Full-text

The potential for the use of herbarium specimens to determine the host plants of Ceutorhynchus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2015.82 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 148 (4) ◽

pp. 493-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David R. Gillespie ◽

Beth I. Gillespie

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

North America ◽

Host Plant ◽

Host Plants ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Plant Associations ◽

Control Programmes ◽

Herbarium Collections ◽

Developing Knowledge

AbstractThe host plants of native Ceutorhynchus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) species are poorly known in North America, and knowledge of these is essential for biological control programmes involving this genus of weevils. We hypothesised that weevil larva emergence holes on plant specimens in herbarium collections might reveal potential plant-insect associations, and help locate populations of hosts for non-target testing. We examined 1114 plant specimens in 16 genera and 60 species of Brassicaceae and found 70 specimens among 30 species that showed evidence of feeding injury and exit holes typical of Ceutorhynchus. We used this information to locate populations of two species of Ceutorhynchus. Herbarium collections may be useful tools for developing knowledge of host plant associations for species of Ceutorhynchus.

Download Full-text

The use of Cerceris fumipennis (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) for surveying and monitoring emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) infestations in eastern North America

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2013.53 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 146 (1) ◽

pp. 90-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Philip Careless ◽

Stephen A. Marshall ◽

Bruce D. Gill

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Emerald Ash Borer ◽

Agrilus Planipennis ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Monitoring Tool ◽

Wood Boring

AbstractThe beetle-hunting wasp, Cerceris fumipennis Say (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), native to eastern North America, provisions its subterranean nest almost exclusively with adult metallic wood-boring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), including the destructive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, EAB). This wasp provides a unique opportunity to survey indigenous and nonindigenous buprestid diversity. We discuss the accessibility, sustainability, and productivity of C. fumipennis with respect to its application as a buprestid surveying and monitoring tool.

Download Full-text