Influence of Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) Density on Yield Loss of Barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ann de St. Remy ◽  
John T. O'Donovan ◽  
Alan K. W. Tong ◽  
P. Ashley O'Sullivan ◽  
M. Paul Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. ♯ FAGTA) plant density (x) and percent yield loss (ŷ) was expressed by the following linear regression equations for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), respectively; ŷ = 0.63 + 2.75 √x and ŷ = 5.04 + 3.05 √x. Tartary buckwheat causes serious yield reduction in barley and wheat. A Tartary buckwheat density at 30 plants/m2 at emergence reduced barley yield by 16% and wheat yield by 22%.

Competition of Wild Oat in Wheat and Barley

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allyn R. Bell ◽  
John D. Nalewaja
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Percent Protein

Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) competition increased the losses in yield of both wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with increased densities of seedlings. At Fargo in 1965, wild oat densities of 70 and 160 seedlings/sq yd reduced the wheat yield 22.1% and 39.1%, respectively, compared to the wild oat-free check. Similar wild oat densities reduced the barley yield 6.5% and 25.9%, respectively. The addition of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer reduced the yield loss caused by wild oat 2 out of 3 years of the experiment. Although a considerable yield reduction occurred in barley and wheat, percent protein and seed size were not influenced noticeably.

Duration of Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) Interference in Several Crops

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ann De St. Remy ◽  
P. Ashley O'Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Crops Yield ◽  
The Relationship

Field studies were conducted over a 7-yr period at Lacombe, Alberta, to study the relationship between the duration of Tartary buckwheat interference [Fagopyrum tatarium(L.) Gaertn. # FAGTA] and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.), oats (Avena sativaL.), wheat (Triticum aestivumL.), flax (Linum usitatissimumL.), and rapeseed (Brassica campestrisL.). The data were pooled over years and analyzed by multiple regression. The equations were as follows: ŷ = 15.46 + 0.39X1+ 0.00x2−0.11x3(barley), ŷ = −15.44 + 0.49x1+ 0.02x2+ 0.08x3(oats), ŷ = −2.04 + 0.39X1+ 0.05x2-0.03x3(wheat), ŷ = −4.38 + 1.14x1−0.04x2+ 0.01x3(flax), and ŷ = −13.85 + 0.40x1– 0.01x2+ 0.04x3(rapeseed); where ŷ was the estimated percent yield loss of the crop, x1was the duration (days) of the Tartary buckwheat in the crop, x2was the number of Tartary buckwheat plants/m2, and x3was the number of crop plants/m2. The time that Tartary buckwheat remains in the crop contributed most to the yield loss observed in all crops. Yield loss between 0.4 and 1.1% per day was attributed to this variable alone. For a given x1, x2, and x3value the order of percent yield loss was flax>oats>wheat> barley>rapeseed.

Commercial generations of Brassica napus cause greater yield loss in Triticum aestivum, than volunteer B. napus generations

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
N J Seerey ◽  
S J Shirtliffe
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Volunteer canola (Brassica napus L.) has become a common weed in producer fields, due to the large area cropped, and inherent harvest losses. Commonly grown B. napus varieties which segregate in subsequent generations to create volunteers with unknown competitive capabilities are developed by hybrid genetics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of volunteer B. napus variety and generation on competition yield loss in hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two hybrid and one open-pollinated B. napus varieties with three consecutive generations produced from each variety were grown at varying densities in a wheat stand over 5 site-years. Yield loss depended on the density of B. napus in relation to total plant density. Generational differences in B. napus seedlings resulted in differences in wheat yield losses. Brassica napus densities at maturity provided a more robust model of wheat yield loss, as there were differences in wheat yield losses due to the interaction of generation and variety of B. napus. Commercial seed generations were the most competitive plants, while volunteer generations were less competitive. The amount of yield loss caused by volunteer B. napus was highly variable. The availability of low-priced herbicides, and the competitive ability of volunteer B. napus may allow for economic thresholds concerning weed control to be surpassed at low densities of volunteer B. napus populations. Key words: Competition, hybrid, open-pollinated, volunteer weed, seedling mortality, mature density, seedling density, feral

Relationship between relative time of emergence of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) and yield loss of barley

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. O’Donovan ◽  
A. S. McClay
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Model ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Relative Time

A nonlinear regression model was used to describe the relationship between Tartary buckwheat [Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.] density and relative time of emergence, and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Yield loss increased the earlier the weed emerged relative to the crop. The model is being used in computerized decision support systems for weed management in western Canada. Key words: Fagopyrum tataricum, Hordeum vulgare, nonlinear regression model, relative time of emergence, decision support system

Influence of the Relative Time of Emergence of Wild Oat (Avena fatua) on Yield Loss of Barley (Hordeum vulgare) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. O'Donovan ◽  
E. Ann De St. Remy ◽  
P. Ashely O'Sullivan ◽  
Don A. Dew ◽  
Arvind K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Relative Time

Multiple regression analysis of data from field experiments conducted in Alberta at two locations between 1972 and 1983 indicated that there was a significant relationship between yield loss of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) and wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) and relative time of emergence of wild oat (Avena fatuaL. ♯ AVEFA). At a given wild oat density, percent yield loss increased the earlier wild oat emerged relative to the crops and gradually diminished the later it emerged. However, the magnitude of the yield loss for both species varied with the year. Regression equations based on data pooled over years and locations were developed to provide an estimate of yield loss of barley and wheat due to relative time of wild oat emergence and wild oat density. The information should be considered when barley and wheat losses due to wild oat are being assessed.

Canola (Brassica rapa) Plant Density Influences Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) Interference, Biomass, and Seed Yield

Weed Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. O'Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
The Impact

Field experiments were conducted at Vegreville, Alberta, in 1990, 1991, and 1992 to investigate the influence of canola plant density and row spacing (1991 and 1992 only) on interference from Tartary buckwheat. Nonlinear regression equations incorporating both canola and Tartary buckwheat density provided good descriptions of the data. Parameter estimates for both weed and crop density were significant (P < 0.05) but did not differ between row spacings. Where no Tartary buckwheat plants were present, canola yield was little affected by canola plant density. At a given Tartary buckwheat density, canola seed yield increased as canola plant density increased, while Tartary buckwheat shoot weight and seed yield decreased. None of the factors significantly affected canola 1000-seed weight, or oil or protein levels in the canola seed. The results suggest that seeding canola to achieve a density of approximately 200 plants m–2will significantly reduce the impact of weeds on canola yield, as well as reduce weed biomass and seed yield.

Dicamba Uptake, Translocation, Metabolism, and Selectivity

Weed Science ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Y. Chang ◽  
W. H. Vanden Born
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Root Uptake ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Sinapis Arvensis ◽  
Triticum Vulgare ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Minor Metabolite ◽  
Anisic Acid ◽  
A Minor

Greenhouse studies indicated that 3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid (dicamba) or its metabolic derivative was strongly accumulated in meristematic tissues of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum(L.) Gaertn.) and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensisL.) following both foliar and root uptake. In barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) and wheat (Triticum vulgareL.), it was distributed throughout the plants. Detoxification of dicamba occurred in all four species though not at equal rates, and a common major metabolite was identified chromatographically as 5-hydroxy-3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid. A minor metabolite, 3,6-dichlorosalicylic acid, was found in barley and wheat but not in Tartary buckwheat or wild mustard. The four species tolerated dicamba treatment in the order of wheat, barley, wild mustard, and Tartary buckwheat. This ranking corresponds with the ability of the plants to detoxify dicamba and is inversely related to the extent of dicamba absorption and translocation in them.

Leaf Wash Techniques for Estimation of Foliar Absorption of Herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm D. Devine ◽  
Hank D. Bestman ◽  
Chris Hall ◽  
William H. Vanden Born
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Foliar Absorption ◽  
Effective Efficiency

Three wash techniques, each with 1, 10, or 95% (v/v) ethanol:water were used to measure foliar absorption of14C-glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine],14C-3,6-dichloropicolinic acid, and14C-chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} in Tartary buckwheat [Fagopyrum tataricum(L.) Gaertn. ♯3FAGTA], Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense(L.) Scop. ♯ CIRAR], and barley (Hordeum vulgareL. ‘Galt’). For the herbicides and species tested, the most suitable common procedure for determining absorption consisted of a double or triple rinse with or immersion in 10% ethanol. Wiping the treated leaves with cotton balls moistened with the solvent was much less effective. Efficiency of herbicide removal by a given solvent was not related consistently to solubility of the herbicide in the solvent.

Estimating yield losses in wheat resulting from infestation by doublegee (Emex australis)

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (70) ◽  
pp. 656 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Gilbey
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Emex Australis ◽  
Percentage Yield

The effect of doublegee (Emex australis) density on wheat yield was studied in a field trial. Percentage yield reduction (y) was related to doublegee plants m-2 at 1 week (x1) and 8 weeks (x2) after seeding thus: y = 10.3 + 0.24 x1 r = 0.78*** y = 5.6 + 0.44 x2 r = 0.86*** showing that estimates of doublegee density could be used for forecasting crop yield losses before it is too late to spray. No further yield loss occurred when x1 was greater than 120 plants metre-2. Doublegee seedling mortality that occurred during the seven weeks between plant counts was strongly related to the initial counts (x1) thus: r = 0.88***.

Effects of summer and winter annual scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata Mérat) interference on spring wheat yield

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Douglas ◽  
A. G. Thomas ◽  
D. P. Peschken ◽  
G. G. Bowes ◽  
D. A. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Hyperbolic Model ◽  
Loss Parameter ◽  
Winter Annuals ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Experimental Plots

The influence of summer and winter annual scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata Mérat) on the yield of spring wheat in Saskatchewan was determined. In experimental plots, spring wheat was seeded into barley stubble where summer and winter annual scentless chamomile had been established. A rectangular hyperbolic model was used to describe the relationship between wheat yield and the density of flowering scentless chamomile plants. Winter annuals caused more yield reduction than did summer annuals. Weather conditions appeared to have an influence on the effect of scentless chamomile on spring wheat yield. The same model was fitted to sample data from farmers' fields and showed yield losses similar to those on the experimental plots. The rectangular hyperbolic model fitted the data best when high weed densities occurred. At densities more typical of those found in farm fields, the asymptotic yield loss parameter of the model was poorly estimated. Key words: Scentless chamomile, Matricaria perforata, yield loss, weed competition, rectangular hyperbola, spring wheat

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