scholarly journals The stigma of claiming benefits: a quantitative study

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEN BAUMBERG
Keyword(s):  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Symbolic Violence ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Personal Stigma ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

AbstractStigma has long been viewed by some as essential to discourage excessive claims, yet seen by others as a cause of non-take-up by people in need and as a form of symbolic violence. More recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in the links between shame and poverty (including the role of benefits), and particular concerns about media/political rhetoric in the UK. Yet while our knowledge of benefits stigma has been enhanced by theoretical/qualitative contributions, few quantitative studies examine its extent or patterning. This paper therefore reports the results of a 2012 nationally-representative survey in the UK. It finds sub-types of stigma are reported by 10–19 per cent for each benefit, but 34 per cent report either personal stigma (their own view) or stigmatisation (perceived stigma by others) for at least one benefit, and over one-quarter say a stigma-related reason would make them less likely to claim. One-third of claimants themselves report some degree of stigma around their claim. Against the predictions of ‘dependency culture’ claims, however, respondents in high-claim areas were more likely to stigmatise benefits, both before and after accounting for other factors. The paper concludes by considering lessons for future benefits stigma studies, and policy options to reduce benefits stigma.

Crisis, State Legitimacy, and Political Participation in a Non-Democracy: How Qatar Withstood the 2017 Blockade

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-416
Author(s):  
Justin Gengler ◽  
Buthaina Al-Khelaifi
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
State Legitimacy ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Face ◽  
Nationally Representative

This article uses rare, nationally representative survey data collected before and after the blockade of Qatar that began in June 2017 to assess its impact on citizens' orientations toward the Gulf Cooperation Council, relations with key foreign countries, and domestic politics. The study illuminates a critical element missing from existing explanations of Qatar's unforeseen resilience in the face of the blockade, namely the role of ordinary Qataris, who mobilized in defense of the political status quo.

scholarly journals State substitution for the trade union good: the case of paid holiday entitlements

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-23
Author(s):  
John Forth ◽  
Alex Bryson
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Union Wage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Paid Leave ◽  
Union Wage Premium ◽  
Union Representation ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Statutory Regulation

Purpose The literature on the union wage premium is among the most extensive in labour economics but unions’ effects on other aspects of the wage-effort bargain have received much less attention. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the literature through a study of the union premium in paid holiday entitlements. Design/methodology/approach The authors examine the size of the union premium on paid holidays over time, with a particular focus on how the premium was affected by the introduction of a statutory right to paid holidays. The data come from nationally representative surveys of employees and workplaces. Findings The authors find that the union premium on paid holidays is substantially larger than the union premium on wages. However, the premium fell with the introduction of a statutory minimum entitlement to paid leave. Originality/value This is the first study to examine explicitly the interaction between union representation and the law in this setting. The findings indicate the difficulties that unions have faced in protecting the most vulnerable employees in the UK labour market. The authors argue that the supplanting of voluntary joint regulation with statutory regulation is symptomatic of a wider decrease in the regulatory role of unions in the UK.

New Frontiers in Colorectal Cancer Surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
Tahsin A. Alam ◽  
Tas Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Normal Activity ◽  
Community Health Care ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Surgery ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Discharge From Hospital

Bowel cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the UK. For many years, treatment of this condition was largely unchanged and involved radical surgery, using long midline incisions and typically requiring a lengthy stay in hospital. In the last few years, there has been a quiet revolution in how patients undergoing surgery for this condition are managed. In this article, we provide an overview on how the introduction of laparoscopic surgery allied with enhanced recovery programmes has resulted in less post-operative pain, earlier return to normal activity and earlier discharge from hospital. We also discuss the increasing role of community health care professionals, and GPs in particular, in supporting these patients both before and after their time in hospital.

scholarly journals Effect of web-based depression literacy and cognitive–behavioural therapy interventions on stigmatising attitudes to depression

2004 ◽  
Vol 185 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Griffiths ◽  
Helen Christensen ◽  
Anthony F. Jorm ◽  
Kimberley Evans ◽  
Chloe Groves
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Personal Stigma ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Depression Literacy

BackgroundLittle is known about the efficacy of educational interventions for reducing the stigma associated with depression.AimsTo investigate the effects on stigma of two internet depression sites.MethodA sample of 525 individuals with elevated scores on a depression assessment scale were randomly allocated to a depression information website (BluePages), a cognitive–behavioural skills training website (MoodGYM) or an attention control condition. Personal stigma (personal stigmatising attitudes to depression) and perceived stigma (perception of what most other people believe) were assessed before and after the intervention.ResultsRelative to the control, the internet sites significantly reduced personal stigma, although the effects were small. BluePages had no effect on perceived stigma and MoodGYM was associated with an increase in perceived stigma relative to the control. Changes in stigma were not mediated by changes in depression, depression literacy or cognitive–behavioural therapy literacy.ConclusionsThe internet warrants further investigation as a means of delivering stigma reduction programmes for depression.

scholarly journals Liaison Old Age Psychiatry Service in a Medical Setting: Description of the Newcastle Clinical Service

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Mukaetova-Ladinska ◽  
G. Cosker ◽  
M. Coppock ◽  
M. Henderson ◽  
Y. Ali Ashgar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Medical Setting ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Old Age Psychiatry ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Multidisciplinary Model ◽  
Further Development

Liaison Old Age Psychiatry services (LOAP) have begun to emerge in the UK and further development of the service is supported by the latest health policies. Since qualitative and quantitative studies in this area are lacking, we have undertaken a detailed quantitative prospective review of referrals to the Newcastle LOAP to evaluate the clinical activity of the service. We report high referral rates and turnover for the LOAP service. Reasons for referral are diverse, ranging from requests for level of care and capacity assessments and transfer to other clinical services to management of behaviour, diagnosis, and treatment. We outline the value of a multidisciplinary model of LOAP activity, including the important role of the liaison nursing team, in providing a rapid response, screening, and followup of high number of clinical referrals to the service.

The role of emotions and positionality in the trajectories of ‘new speakers’ of Irish

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Emotional Process ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Speakers ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Research Questions

Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: The aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the emotional experiences and positionality of ‘new speakers’ of Irish, fluent and regular speakers who were not raised with Irish in the historical Irish-speaking heartland known as the Gaeltacht. The role of emotions in facilitating the transition to new speakerhood is considered, as is their influence on the speakers’ continued use of Irish and on their positionality in relation to other speakers. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper is based on semi-structured narrative interviews conducted with participants identified as active and competent new speakers of Irish. It is part of a larger European project on the topic of new speakers. Data and Analysis: The sample size is 46 interviews from a database of 100 Irish speakers and was analysed using NVivo qualitative analysis. Findings/Conclusions: Becoming a new speaker of Irish is a deeply emotional process, both before and after the transition, as subjects grapple with additional obstacles to acquisition and use due to the language’s minoritised status. The emotions involved in adopting a minoritised language such as Irish appear to be qualitatively different from other languages because of the additional obstacles involved in mastering a language with a weak sociolinguistic profile. Originality: The paper’s originality stems from the fact that it is the first systematic study of emotions and positionality among new speakers of Irish and is distinct from existing quantitative studies of language attitudes. An additional innovation is its theoretical framework which aims to guide understanding of emotions and positionality among new speakers of minoritised languages in particular rather than majority languages in general. Significance/Implications: The paper is theoretically significant because existing work on language and emotions has not focused on minoritised languages. Significance attaches to the related finding that the emotional process is not the same for minoritised languages and other more dominant languages.

scholarly journals Transnational Literacies as Social Remittances: The Role of Language Ideologies in Shaping Migrants’ Online Literacies

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-319
Author(s):  
Tony Capstick
Keyword(s):  
Literacy Practices ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Social Remittances ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Similar Vein ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract It is now twenty years since the term ‘social remittances’ was taken up to capture the notion that migration involves the circulation of ideas, practices, identities, and social capital between destination and origin countries, in addition to the more tangible circulation of money. In a similar vein, a social theory of literacy sees practices not as observable units of behaviour but rather as social processes which connect people. To identify how literacy practices can be seen as social remittances, I identify how Usman, the key respondent in this study, goes about describing his first six months in the UK by tracing the meaning-making trajectories in our interviews together. I then explore the language and literacy choices that his family and friends make on Facebook as they remit ideas, beliefs, and practices in their transnational literacies. I examine how these practices are shaped by beliefs about language. The article seeks to understand the relationship between migrants’ literacy practices before and after their migrations and how these practices remit ideas and beliefs which maintain transnational migration.

scholarly journals The EU Referendum and Experiences and Fear of Ethnic and Racial Harassment: Variation Across Individuals and Communities in England

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alita Nandi ◽  
Renee Reichl Luthra
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Buffering Effect ◽  
Racial Harassment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eu Referendum ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Party Support ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

This paper uses nationally representative, longitudinal data to examine experiences and fear of ethnic and racial harassment in public spaces among minorities in the UK, comparing levels of both before and after the 2016 EU Referendum. We do not find an increase in the prevalence of ethnic and racial harassment, but we do find higher levels of fear of ethnic and racial harassment in the period after the Referendum. The increase in fear following the vote was concentrated among more privileged individuals: those with higher levels of education, and those living in less socioeconomically deprived areas with lower levels of previous right-wing party support. We conclude that the Referendum exacerbated already higher levels of perceived discrimination among higher educated minorities while reducing the buffering effect of residence in “safe areas.”

Child and Adolescent Suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina Before and After the War (1992–1995)

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almir Fajkic ◽  
Orhan Lepara ◽  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Nestor D. Kapusta ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Background: Evidence on youth suicides from Southeastern Europe is scarce. We are not aware of previous reports from Bosnia and Herzegovina, which experienced war from 1992 to 1995. Durkheim’s theory of suicide predicts decreased suicide rates in wartime and increased rates afterward. Aims: To compare child and adolescent suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina before and after the war. Methods: Data on youth suicide for prewar (1986–90) and postwar (2002–06) periods were analyzed with respect to prevalence, sex and age differences, and suicide methods. Suicide data from 1991 through 2001 were not available. Results: Overall youth suicide rates were one-third lower in the postwar than in the prewar period. This effect was most pronounced for girls, whose postwar suicide rates almost halved, and for 15–19-year-old boys, whose rates decreased by about a one-fourth. Suicides increased among boys aged 14 or younger. Firearm suicides almost doubled proportionally and were the predominant postwar method, while the most common prewar method had been hanging. Conclusions: The findings from this study indicate the need for public education in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the role of firearm accessibility in youth suicide and for instructions on safe storage in households. Moreover, raising societal awareness about suicide risk factors and suicide prevention is needed.

Childhood Intelligence Predicts Adult Trait Openness

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Helen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
National Child Development Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

Abstract. This study used a longitudinal data set of 5,672 adults followed for 50 years to determine the factors that influence adult trait Openness-to-Experience. In a large, nationally representative sample in the UK (the National Child Development Study), data were collected at birth, in childhood (age 11), adolescence (age 16), and adulthood (ages 33, 42, and 50) to examine the effects of family social background, childhood intelligence, school motivation during adolescence, education, and occupation on the personality trait Openness assessed at age 50 years. Structural equation modeling showed that parental social status, childhood intelligence, school motivation, education, and occupation all had modest, but direct, effects on trait Openness, among which childhood intelligence was the strongest predictor. Gender was not significantly associated with trait Openness. Limitations and implications of the study are discussed.

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