scholarly journals Discussion

1963 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Site Survey ◽  
A Site

Wilson. — I would like to discuss briefly a site survey as an optimalization problem.

Can We See the “Hoplite Revolution” on the Ground? Archaeological Landscapes, Material Culture, and Social Status in Early Greece

Men of Bronze ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Foxhall
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Archaic Greece ◽  
History Of ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
A Site

This chapter considers what a site survey might reveal about the appearance of a new class of small farmers in archaic Greece. It gives a brief history of the discipline and explains the strengths and limitations of using its findings for historical analysis. This study of eight survey projects across Greece, including Boeotia, the Argolid, Laconia, and Pylos, focuses on data for the Geometric through the Hellenistic periods. The chapter suggests that the archaeology tells us a different story than the historical record of citizens, soldiers, and property owners. The survey data show the rise of a densely populated countryside of small-scale farmers neither in the eighth century nor, universally, in the sixth century.

Site Characterization and Associated Disposal Costs for Illegal Dumpsites Located in the Municipality of La Granja, Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022068
Author(s):  
Christian Seal ◽  
Patricia Mery ◽  
Patricia Alegría
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Personnel Cost ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Total Lack ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Chilean legislation dictates that Municipalities are responsible for household solid waste management, but this doesn’t include the clean-up of illegal dumpsites. These in-city dumpsites usually are located on public roads, parks or abandoned sites; have a wide variety of origins, from household trash to business waste, and feature a high component of construction debris. One of the main problems that municipalities have managing these sites is that when they are cleaned, the dumpsites immediately reappear. Therefore, a site survey and visual characterization was performed for these illegal dumpsites at the Municipality of La Granja, and a cost analysis associated with the constant clean-up costs was performed. La Granja Municipality has an established clean-up program with a frequency that varies from one to three withdrawals a week per dumpsite. Santiago is Chile's capital and is divided into 32 municipalities, the general population of the city is 5.250.565 habitants according to the 2017 census. La Granja is one of Santiago’s municipalities; according to the last census, it has 116.571 inhabitants and a total of 34.423 households divided into 69 neighbourhoods. The social economical income of the municipality corresponds to medium low to lower level. The study detected 35 critical sites that were catalogued as recuring dumpsites. The mayor cause of these dumpsites corresponds to illegal dumping of construction waste, mayor appliance and household waste, and only one dumpsite didn’t present construction debris during the length of the study. The average volume measured in site, for most of the dumpsites varied from 1 to 3 m3 and only 2 sites exceeded 8 m3. The most important characteristics of the dumpsites were the ease accessibility (82,4%), followed by the total lack of public illumination, high vehicular traffic and to or more intersections (67,7%). The equipment and personnel cost were estimated for the clean-up service of the 35 dumpsites. The cost analysis showed that the associated cost of the clean-up corresponds to a 5,8% of the municipal budget for solid waste management. As a result of the study, 4 sites were intervened through the generation of green area or small parks, with an emphasis in the protection or blocking of the access and roadside.

scholarly journals Structural damages observed in state buildings after Simav/Turkey earthquake occurred on 19 May 2011

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2709-2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. S. Tama
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
Rapid Assessment Method ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
A Site ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract. Different levels of damages occurred in state buildings, especially in educational facilities, during the Simav earthquake (ML=5.7) on 19 May 2011. A site survey was carried out in the area after the earthquake, where six state buildings were examined in detail. The results of the survey showed that main reasons for the formation of damages in these buildings are the use of low strength concrete, insufficient reinforcement, inappropriate detailing, and low-quality workmanship. The investigated buildings were also evaluated by P25-rapid assessment method. The method demonstrates that two of the buildings in question are in "high risk band"; the other two fall into "detailed evaluation band", and the rest are in the "low risk band". This figure also matches with the damages observed in the site survey.

A traffic testbed to help in a site survey procedure for the deployment of a WiFiPhone network

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Benitez ◽  
Natalya Blanco ◽  
Grace Gimon ◽  
Ricardo Gonzalez ◽  
Monica Huerta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Survey ◽  
A Site

In-Line Inspection of Offshore Non-Piggable and Challenging 30" Subsea Flare Line

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saqer Saleh Al-Messabi ◽  
Anouar Abdul Qader Zebidi ◽  
Khaled Abdullah Al Hosani
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Efficient Planning ◽  
Asset Replacement ◽  
Planning Factor ◽  
A Site

Abstract The objective of the paper is to present the success story of carrying out an in-line inspection (ILI) on a 50 years old offshore subsea flare line. The project was particularly challenging because the 30" flare line had no pigging facilities, a reducer, a subsea tie-in connection, as well as other restrictions. The paper shall outline the approach and methodology adopted to conduct the inspection in a safe and successful manner while adhering to the company and government health, safety, and environmental regulations and meeting the shutdown window. The 1 km long 30" flare line runs from a collector-separator platform to a flare tower. A site survey was conducted to identify process, space, and rigging related requirements. The shutdown window was allotted and fixed by the production teams. The line was first flushed to remove the hydrocarbons using a pumping spread mounted on a support vessel. This was followed by various modification works in addition to rigging up the temporary pigging traps. The works enlisted the help of support vessels and scaffolding teams. Extra controls were implemented due to the low maximum allowable operating pressure and the dirty pigging water in order to safeguard the property and environment. Eventually, 22 cleaning pigs were launched a in a train fashion. An Ultrasonic (UT) ILI tool was then used to gather information on the pipeline. Finally, the pipeline was dried using foam pigs. The operation was a success mainly because of the planning factor. Many activities were integrated including the availability of a maintenance barge which played a huge role in the operation. This was the first pigging operation on the flare line which was commissioned in 1971 - a total of 185 kg of debris was collected. Moreover, the UT inspection provided quantitative data which enabled an accurate assessment of the subsea pipeline integrity status. It is estimated that USD 4 million were saved by completing the works mainly through efficient planning and utilization of in-house available resources. The inspection results will form a cornerstone in development of future asset replacement plans for this category of flare lines. The success has created potential savings for another 21 challenging flare lines planned to be inspected for the next 5 years. The approach highlights the steps taken to conduct the quantitative ILI of an aged flare line (50 years old), with various inherent challenges, to explore the possibility of accurately inspecting and extending the remnant life of aged assets that are un-piggable, in a safe and environmentally friendly manner. Thus, resulting in positive impacts in savings and further optimizations in the asset replacement plans

Evaluation of Electrostatic Charges on Aerosol Particle Attractiveness to Silicon Wafers in Class-1 Cleanrooms

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Michael Harrison
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Electrostatic Charges ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Voltage Drift ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Time Drift ◽  
Operating Limits ◽  
A Site ◽  
Risk Processes

A series of tests were performed to define the required ion emitter balancing and cleaning frequencies. The voltage drift and discharge time drift were used to determine acceptable maintenance servicing schedules. The ion emitter operating limits were determined experimentally by measuring the maximum electrostatic charge that would build up on a wafer before it was at risk of attracting particles out of the airstream. A site survey was performed on cleanroom equipment and processes using a noncontact field meter to identify critical areas with greater than 1000 V of surface charge. Programs have been initiated which require "at risk" processes to perform specific testing to determine whether ionization emitters are needed.

Calibration of a local magnitude relationship for microseismic events using earthquake data

Geophysics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. KS61-KS70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Paap ◽  
Philippe Steeghs
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimate ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Local Magnitude ◽  
Linear Calibration ◽  
Seismic Arrays ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Microseismic Events ◽  
A Site ◽  
Earthquake Data

Calibration of local seismic arrays is crucial to quantify the magnitude of local microseismic events. This is traditionally done by performing a site survey consisting of calibration shots at known locations with known strength. However, when a calibration survey cannot be conducted, alternative calibration methods are required. We have demonstrated the feasibility of magnitude estimation of microseismic events recorded at the [Formula: see text] storage site at Ketzin (Germany), by analyzing earthquake signals that have been recorded on the noncalibrated geophone array and on standardized seismometers of a regional seismological network. We estimated a linear calibration relation by fitting three different signal attributes for 10 distant earthquakes. Through extrapolation of the linear fit toward lower magnitudes, we estimated the local magnitude of weak local seismic events. Reported magnitudes of the distant earthquakes show significant variation because there are different methods and constants used to calculate a magnitude estimate from recordings on multiple seismometers. As a consequence, there was a considerable spread in our magnitude estimates for the Ketzin events. We found magnitude values in the range between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for two local events recorded at the Ketzin site. We expect that by incorporating additional distant earthquake data, the uncertainty in this estimate can be further reduced.

Search and Documentation of Underwater Archaeological Sites

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Tuttle
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Magnetic Anomalies ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
General Survey ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Area Survey ◽  
A Site ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Archaeological survey is fundamental to archaeological data collection. Underwater archaeology is developing and maturing as a discipline. The levels of technology available for investigations are variable depending on the objectives of surveys. Prior to entering the field, it is essential to do a complete desktop research, an in-office examination of available literature, and to develop a survey plan. This article describes different methods and the tools used for probing, which are used for examining subsurface features or defining the extent of a site. Remote sensing is an effective method to search for cultural material in a marine context. Once a general survey has located acoustic targets, magnetic anomalies, or other areas of interest, a predisturbance site survey of the targets may be conducted. Accurate positioning during a predisturbance investigation is critical. With an area survey complete or a predisturbance survey conducted, the next step in the archaeological process is excavation.

scholarly journals Pelatihan Pembuatan Masker Sebagai Upaya Antisipasi Penyebaran Covid-19 di Desa Anyar Kabupaten Lombok Utara

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sucika Armiani ◽  
Siti Rabiatul Fajri ◽  
Akhmad Sukri ◽  
Baiq Yulia Pidiawati
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Product Delivery ◽  
The Creation ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Village

The Covid 19 pandemic is a serious problem that must be dealt with immediately. The use of masks is an effort to minimize transmission of viruses between humans. The high demand for masks, especially medical masks, is causing scarcity in the market. Therefore, cloth masks are needed as an alternative for the community to be used daily in the midst of activities facing health crises that occur. The purpose of this community service activity is to transfer sewing skills to the Anyar Village LPM partners who are members of the "Independent Beginner Group" while supporting the efforts of the village change program in producing 1000 pcs masks for the community. The implementation of the activities carried out for 2 weeks includes a site survey, problem analysis, discussion of determining the schedule of activities with the village and partners, socialization of activities to the target target, core activities include opening, training, mentoring and product delivery. The success of this activity was measured from the creation of the participant's skills so that the target of making 1000 masks was achieved. The response of partners to this activity was very well marked by the enthusiasm of the participants ie 100% attendance of participants arrived on time until the activity ended. The community service activity ended with handing over 1000 pcs of masks to the Head of Anyar Village to be distributed to the community.

LOCATION BASED DATA REPRESENTATION THROUGH AUGMENTED REALITY IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Faruk Can Ünal ◽  
Yüksel Demir
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Survey Paper ◽  
Augmented Reality System ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Augmented Reality Technology ◽  
A Site

Architects conduct site visits prior to a design activity to understand existing conditions. If the architect’s position and orientation are known on site, and augmented reality system has access to a location based content database of the site, then augmented reality system can display the content in 3D directly upon the architect’s view. Generally, architects use augmented reality as a visualization tool for presentation. It is also possible to collect data of a site and represent it in situ for architectural design. This paper is a survey of location based data representation in augmented reality systems to use in early stages of architectural design related to site. Initially, it describes the field of augmented reality including the characteristics and requirements. Then it surveys the state of the art by reviewing featured applications of location based augmented reality technology. Developments to the recent conditions from the first implementations have been revealed with components. At the same time, this paper aims to find common links between these featured applications and architectural site survey. Thus, it discusses opportunities of augmented reality to provide the needs of an architect as a site visit. However, it suggests which augmented reality components are more suitable in recent conditions for use in architectural design related to site. As a survey paper, it focuses on how location based augmented reality can be used in architectural design instead of presenting a model or an application.

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