scholarly journals Proceedings of the Conference on Palaeolithic Art, held in Oxford, 1989: Introduction.

1991 ◽  
Vol 57 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
A. J. Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Regular Feature ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Prehistoric Art ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Department ◽  
London Conference ◽  
Palaeolithic Art

This volume contains papers from twelve authors who were invited to speak at the Prehistoric Society's conference on Palaeolithic Art held at the Oxford University Department for External Studies in November 1989. Such conferences are a regular feature of the Society's activities and are organized to review and debate important themes in prehistory. In this instance interest in Palaeolithic art had already been heightened through the Society's study tours to the Dordogne (in 1980) and Northern Spain (in 1987). Despite this interest, no major conference on the theme had been organized in Britain since the Society's London Conference of April 1967 on ‘Prehistoric Art in the Western Mediterranean to the Second Millennium BC’. Unfortunately, the papers of that conference were not published and it is difficult now to assess their contribution to the subject. By contrast, some of the Society's subsequent conferences have been published by commercial houses (for example, Mellars 1978; Chapman, Kinnes and Randsborg 1981; Champion and Megaw 1985; Coles and Lawson 1987). This volume marks a different approach, namely for the Society to publish the proceedings of its own conference. Hopefully, this will enable members who were unable to participate in the conference to benefit from the expertise of the authors, and encourage others with an interest in prehistory to join the Society.

Problems in Structural Inorganic Chemistry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-Kee Li ◽  
Hung Kay Lee ◽  
Dennis Kee Pui Ng ◽  
Yu-San Cheung ◽  
Kendrew Kin Wah Mak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Chemistry ◽  
Molecular Geometry ◽  
Orbital Theory ◽  
Crystal Field Theory ◽  
Structure Transition ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Chinese University ◽  
Peking University ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hybrid Orbitals

The First Edition of this book, which appeared in 2013, serves as a problem text for Part I (Fundamentals of Chemical Bonding) and Part II (Symmetry in Chemistry) of the book Advanced Structural Inorganic Chemistry published by Oxford University Press in 2008. A Chinese edition was published by Peking University Press in August in the same year. Since then the authors have received much feedback from users and reviewers, which prompted them to prepare a Second Edition for students ranging from freshmen to senior undergraduates who aspire to attend graduate school after finishing their first degree in Chemistry. Four new chapters are added to this expanded Second Edition, which now contains over 400 problems and their solutions. The topics covered in 13 chapters follow the sequence: electronic states and configurations of atoms and molecules, introductory quantum chemistry, atomic orbitals, hybrid orbitals, molecular symmetry, molecular geometry and bonding, crystal field theory, molecular orbital theory, vibrational spectroscopy, crystal structure, transition metal chemistry, metal clusters: bonding and reactivity, and bioinorganic chemistry. The problems collected in this volume originate from examination papers and take-home assignments that have been part of the teaching program conducted by senior authors at The Chinese University of Hong Kong over nearly a half-century. Whenever appropriate, source references in the chemical literature are given for readers who wish to delve deeper into the subject. Eight Appendices and a Bibliography listing 157 reference books are provided to students and teachers who wish to look up comprehensive presentations of specific topics.

Human Growth After Birth (2nd Ed.), by David Sinclair, M.A., M.D., D.Sc., F.R.C.S.E. London: Oxford University Press, 1973, 212 pp., $7.95

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
Stanley M. Garn
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Human Biology ◽  
Logical Approach ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Preclinical Medical Students ◽  
Growth And Aging ◽  
Oxford University Press

This is a little paperback about growth and aging, extended in scope, and increased in price ($7.50), though the per-page cost (3.75£ per page) is not so horrendous as at first it may seem. For the price it provides an overview of the subject, 66 figures and 8 tipped-in plates, and a logical approach to the subject, with a distinctly British or U.K. flavor. It is intended "for preclinical medical students, but with the needs of paramedical workers and of students and teachers of human biology also in mind."

Wrestling with Analogy: A Methodological Dilemma in Upper Palaeolithic Art Research.

1991 ◽  
Vol 57 (01) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Lewis-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Prehistoric Art ◽  
Scientific Opinion ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Analogical Argument ◽  
Palaeolithic Art

In 1902 Emile Cartailhac published hisMea Culpa d'un Sceptique. His acceptance of the high antiquity of prehistoric art in western Europe followed Capitan and Breuil's convincing discoveries in Font de Gaume and Les Combarelles and reflected a widespread change of opinion. Despite previous scepticism, researchers were beginning to allow that the parietal as well as the mobile art did indeed date back to the Upper Palaeolithic. But this swing in scientific opinion opened up an even more baffling problem: why did Upper Palaeolithic people make these pictures? In the year following Cartailhac's turn-about Salomon Reinach tried to answer this question by developing an analogical argument based on ethnographic parallels. He could see no other way of approaching the problem: ‘Our only hope of finding outwhythe troglodytes painted and sculpted lies in asking the same question of present-day primitives with whom the ethnography reveals connections’ (Reinach 1903, 259; my translation, his emphasis).

scholarly journals Estado del conocimiento en la explotación del Gas de Lutita (Shale Gas) y su potencial geológico en el Norte de España

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-140
Author(s):  
Asier García Pérez ◽  
Manuel Regueiro González-Barros ◽  
Agustín Pieren Pidal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lower Carbon ◽  
Public Opposition

Resumen El cambio del paradigma energético a fuentes con menor huella de carbono, así como el desarrollo de las tecnologías y técnicas de extracción, han colocado al gas de lutita en el punto de mira como recurso menos contaminante, abundante en el norte de España, y capaz de suplir en gran medida las necesidades actuales de abastecimiento energético que requiere el país. Sin embargo, existe una importante carencia de información integrada sobre el tema, con respecto a lo geológico, lo económico, lo ambiental y lo social, y como consecuencia de ello, se ha desa- rrollado una fuerte oposición pública que ha paralizado la exploración y la posible explotación de dicho recurso. Para formar parte del progreso, es necesario comenzar permitiendo la investigación y exploración de este recurso en España. Por ello, este artículo pretende mostrar el panorama actual que rodea al gas natural en un contexto transitorio a energías menos agresivas con el medio ambiente, cómo funciona la extracción de dicha fuente (gas de lutita), y como debería llevarse a cabo en España con los problemas que ello conllevaría, así como analizar la respuesta y preocupación de la ciudadanía frente a este desarrollo. Abstract The change of the energy paradigm to sources with lower carbon footprint, as well as the development of technologies and extraction techniques, have placed the shale gas in the spotlight as a less polluting resource, because it is abundant in Northern Spain, and capable of supplying to a large extent the current supply needs that the country requires. However, there is a relevant lack of information on the subject, about the geological, economic, environmental and social issues. And as a consequence, a strong public opposition has developed, and has so far paralyzed the exploration and exploitation of this resource. To be part of the progress, it is necessary to begin the research and exploration of this resource in Spain. Therefore, this paper aims to show the current panorama surrounding natural gas in a transitory context towards less environmentally aggressive energies with the environment, how the extraction of that source works (shale gas) and how it should be done in Spain with the problems that this would entail, as well as analyzing the response and concern of the citizens regarding this development.

Iberia and The Western Mediterranean

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
William O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Metal Mining ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Copper Deposits ◽  
History Of ◽  
Copper Metallurgy ◽  
The 1960S

The Iberian Peninsula is one the most mineralized parts of Europe, with a long history of metal mining from prehistoric and Roman to modern times. The earliest evidence for copper metallurgy dates to the fifth millennium BC; however, distinctive Chalcolithic metalworking traditions did not emerge in most regions until 3000 BC onwards. There are widespread occurrences of copper mineralization in Spain and Portugal, including many areas with deposits of lead, tin, silver, and gold. Copper deposits occur in the Galician and Cantabrian mountain ranges of northern Spain, extending east to the Pyrenees. They are also numerous in central Spain, in the provinces of Madrid, Avila, Salamanca, and Segovia in the Central Range, and also in the Toledo and Betic mountains of Cordoba. Farther south, there are major copper deposits in the so-called Pyrite Belt, extending from Seville to Huelva into southern Portugal, and also in the Penibetic range from Cartagena to Malaga crossing the sierras of Almeria (Rovira 2002: fig. 3c; see Delibes de Castro and Montero Ruiz 1999 for regional surveys of copper deposits and indications of early mining; also Gómez Ramos 1999; Hunt Ortiz 2003). The widespread availability of ore deposits was a significant factor in the establishment of copper metallurgy in Iberia. How early is contentious, as is the means by which the new technology first developed in different parts of the peninsula. The older explanation of metal-seeking colonists from the east Mediterranean introducing this technology to southern Spain was replaced in the 1960s by a model that emphasized autonomous development (Renfrew 1967, 1973; Montero Ruiz 1994). This was based on the apparent antiquity of copper mining and metallurgy in Iberia and the distinctive technological processes that developed there relative to other parts of Europe. The earliest indication of copper metallurgy in Iberia may come from the settlement of Cerro Virtud in Almeria, south-west Spain. A single sherd from a metallurgical crucible used to reduce oxidized copper ore was discovered in a layer dated to the early fifth millennium BC (Montero Ruiz and Ruíz Taboada 1996; Ruíz Taboada and Montero Ruiz 1999).

Sea Peoples and Land Peoples, 1250 BC–1100 BC

The Great Sea ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Abulafia
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Archaeological Investigation ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sea Peoples ◽  
The Hill

Both the fall of Troy and the Sea Peoples have been the subject of a vast literature. They were part of a common series of developments that affected the entire eastern Mediterranean and possibly the western Mediterranean too. Troy had been transformed at the end of the eighteenth century BC with the building of the most magnificent of the cities to stand on the hill of Hisarlık: Troy VI , which lasted, with many minor reconstructions, into the thirteenth century BC . The citadel walls were nine metres thick, or more; there were great gates and a massive watchtower, a memory of which may have survived to inspire Homer; there were big houses on two floors, with courtyards. The citadel was the home of an elite that lived in some style, though without the lavish accoutrements of their contemporaries in Mycenae, Pylos or Knossos. Archaeological investigation of the plain beneath which then gave directly on to the seashore suggests the existence of a lower town about seven times the size of the citadel, or around 170,000 square metres, roughly the size of the Hyksos capital at Avaris. One source of wealth was horses, whose bones begin to appear at this stage; Homer’s Trojans were famous ‘horse-tamers’, hippodamoi, and even if he chose this word to fit his metre, it matches the archaeological evidence with some precision. In an age when great empires were investing in chariots, and sending hundreds of them to perdition at the battle of Kadesh (or, according to the Bible, in the depths of the Red Sea), horse-tamers were certainly in demand. Opinion divided early on the identity of the Trojans. Claiming descent from Troy, the ancient Romans knew for sure that they were not just a branch of the Greek people. Homer, though, made them speak Greek. The best chance of an answer comes from their pottery. The pottery of Troy is not just Trojan; it belongs to a wider culture that spread across parts of Anatolia.

scholarly journals Clinical Usefulness of Self-Rated Olfactory Performance—A Data Science-Based Assessment of 6000 Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn Lötsch ◽  
Thomas Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Data Science ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Olfactory Testing ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Department

Abstract In clinical practice, with its time constraints, a frequent conclusion is that asking about the ability to smell may suffice to detect olfactory problems. To address this question systematically, 6049 subjects were asked about how well they can perceive odors, with 5 possible responses. Participants presented at a University Department of Otorhinolaryngology, where olfactory testing was part of the routine investigation performed in patients receiving surgery at the clinic (for various reasons). According to an odor identification test, 1227 subjects had functional anosmia and 3113 were labeled with normosmia. Measures of laboratory test performance were used to assess the success of self-estimates to capture the olfactory diagnosis. Ratings of the olfactory function as absent or impaired provided the diagnosis of anosmia at a balanced accuracy of 79%, whereas ratings of good or excellent indicated normosmia at a balanced accuracy of 64.6%. The number of incorrect judgments of anosmia increased with age, whereas false negative self-estimates of normosmia became rarer with increasing age. The subject’s sex was irrelevant in this context. Thus, when asking the question “How well can you smell odors?” and querying standardized responses, fairly accurate information can be obtained about whether or not the subject can smell. However, this has to be completed with the almost 30% (355 subjects) of anosmic patients who judged their ability to smell as at least “average.” Thus, olfactory testing using reliable and validated tests appears indispensable.

An Island Called Cuba

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Jean Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
American Anthropologist ◽  
Cuban American ◽  
Fidel Castro ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Rutgers University ◽  
Ruth Behar ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Answer Format

Review of:An Island Called Home: Returning to Jewish Cuba. Ruth Behar, photographs by Humberto Mayol. New Brunswick NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2007. xiii + 297 pp. (Cloth US$ 29.95)Fidel Castro: My Life: A Spoken Autobiography. Fidel Castro & Ignacio Ramonet. New York: Scribner/Simon & Schuster, 2008. vii + 724 pp. (Paper US$ 22.00, e-book US$ 14.99)Cuba: What Everyone Needs to Know. Julia E. Sweig. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009. xiv + 279 pp. (Paper US$ 16.95)[First paragraph]These three ostensibly very different books tell a compelling story of each author’s approach, as much as the subject matter itself. Fidel Castro: My Life: A Spoken Autobiography is based on a series of long interviews granted by the then-president of Cuba, Fidel Castro, to Spanish-Franco journalist Ignacio Ramonet. Cuba: What Everyone Needs to Know, by U.S. political analyst Julia Sweig, is one of a set country series, and, like Ramonet’s, presented in question/answer format. An Island Called Home: Returning to Jewish Cuba, with a narrative by Cuban-American anthropologist Ruth Behar and photographs by Cuban photographer Humberto Mayol, is a retrospective/introspective account of the Jewish presence in Cuba. While from Ramonet and Sweig we learn much about the revolutionary project, Behar and Mayol convey the lived experience of the small Jewish community against that backdrop.

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