8 Cultural Continuity and Change

1959 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 182-194
Author(s):  
Clarence H. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Temporal Segmentation ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Cultural Pattern ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Working Out

This site is one of several key sites in the Caddoan Area which Krieger used in the formulation of his classification of Caddoan cultures. It offers, in Mound B, a clear separation of habitation periods by sterile fills and thereby affords a sharp temporal segmentation of culture levels. We believe that we have been reasonably accurate in relating other habitation levels and burials to the four levels of Mound B in working out the picture of the entire site. It now seems desirable to investigate these levels or periods for (a) evidences of continuity of traits and culture patterns, (b) evidences of abrupt interruption of culture or interjection of an entirely new cultural pattern and (c) evidences of distinct culture sequences, resulting either from internal growth and differentiation or from external influences, sudden or gradual. This site may thereby contribute information as to relative depth of Caddoan culture, to the relationship between Gibson and Fulton aspects, and to temporal associations between the various Caddoan cultures and other cultures of the Southeast.

K-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM BASED CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL FERTILITY IN NORTH WEST NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 780-787
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Hassan Hayatu ◽  
Abdullahi Mohammed ◽  
Barroon Ahmad Isma’eel ◽  
Sahabi Yusuf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
North West ◽  
R Programming ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
The Relationship

Soil fertility determines a plant's development process that guarantees food sufficiency and the security of lives and properties through bumper harvests. The fertility of soil varies according to regions, thereby determining the type of crops to be planted. However, there is no repository or any source of information about the fertility of the soil in any region in Nigeria especially the Northwest of the country. The only available information is soil samples with their attributes which gives little or no information to the average farmer. This has affected crop yield in all the regions, more particularly the Northwest region, thus resulting in lower food production.  Therefore, this study is aimed at classifying soil data based on their fertility in the Northwest region of Nigeria using R programming. Data were obtained from the department of soil science from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The data contain 400 soil samples containing 13 attributes. The relationship between soil attributes was observed based on the data. K-means clustering algorithm was employed in analyzing soil fertility clusters. Four clusters were identified with cluster 1 having the highest fertility, followed by 2 and the fertility decreases with an increasing number of clusters. The identification of the most fertile clusters will guide farmers on where best to concentrate on when planting their crops in order to improve productivity and crop yield.

DONG SON BRONZE DRUM - THE WORK OF THE LAC VIET PEOPLE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Hao
Keyword(s):  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Tribal Identity ◽  
The Relationship

Bronze drums are widely distributed, broader than the range of a nation. Therefore, the identification of each kind of drum is a basic subject, should be concerned. In determining the tribal identity of the drum, the classification of drum is the key stage, the relationship between the objective of the classification and classification criteria is the relation as shape and shadow, if there is no right criteria then the result of division will be difficult to reach the desired goal. Likewise, the criterion of the pattern on the bronze drum brought to the affirmation is the Dong Son bronze drum of the Lac Viet people. And the parallel is the affirmation of the culture, way of life, residence of the nation created the drum.

Art, History, and Postwar Fiction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Brazil
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Art History ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
New Left ◽  
Doris Lessing ◽  
William Gaddis ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship

Art, History, and Postwar Fiction explores the ways in which novelists responded to the visual arts from the aftermath of the Second World War up to the present day. If art had long served as a foil to enable novelists to reflect on their craft, this book argues that in the postwar period, novelists turned to the visual arts to develop new ways of conceptualizing the relationship between literature and history. The sense that the novel was becalmed in the end of history was pervasive in the postwar decades. In seeming to bring modernism to a climax whilst repeating its foundational gestures, visual art also raised questions about the relationship between continuity and change in the development of art. In chapters on Samuel Beckett, William Gaddis, John Berger, and W. G. Sebald, and shorter discussions of writers like Doris Lessing, Kathy Acker, and Teju Cole, this book shows that writing about art was often a means of commenting on historical developments of the period: the Cold War, the New Left, the legacy of the Holocaust. Furthermore, it argues that forms of postwar visual art, from abstraction to the readymade, offered novelists ways of thinking about the relationship between form and history that went beyond models of reflection or determination. By doing so, this book also argues that attention to interactions between literature and art can provide critics with new ways to think about the relationship between literature and history beyond reductive oppositions between formalism and historicism, autonomy and context.

scholarly journals Pituitary MRI characteristics in 297 acromegaly patients based on T2-weighted sequences

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Potorac ◽  
Patrick Petrossians ◽  
Adrian F Daly ◽  
Franck Schillo ◽  
Claude Ben Slama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Multimodal Management ◽  
Mri Characteristics ◽  
Weighted Sequences ◽  
The Relationship

Responses of GH-secreting adenomas to multimodal management of acromegaly vary widely between patients. Understanding the behavioral patterns of GH-secreting adenomas by identifying factors predictive of their evolution is a research priority. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the T2-weighted adenoma signal on diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acromegaly and clinical and biological features at diagnosis. An international, multicenter, retrospective analysis was performed using a large population of 297 acromegalic patients recently diagnosed with available diagnostic MRI evaluations. The study was conducted at ten endocrine tertiary referral centers. Clinical and biochemical characteristics, and MRI signal findings were evaluated. T2-hypointense adenomas represented 52.9% of the series, were smaller than their T2-hyperintense and isointense counterparts (P<0.0001), were associated with higher IGF1 levels (P=0.0001), invaded the cavernous sinus less frequently (P=0.0002), and rarely caused optic chiasm compression (P<0.0001). Acromegalic men tended to be younger at diagnosis than women (P=0.067) and presented higher IGF1 values (P=0.01). Although in total, adenomas had a predominantly inferior extension in 45.8% of cases, in men this was more frequent (P<0.0001), whereas in women optic chiasm compression of macroadenomas occurred more often (P=0.0067). Most adenomas (45.1%) measured between 11 and 20 mm in maximal diameter and bigger adenomas were diagnosed at younger ages (P=0.0001). The T2-weighted signal differentiates GH-secreting adenomas into subgroups with particular behaviors. This raises the question of whether the T2-weighted signal could represent a factor in the classification of acromegalic patients in future studies.

scholarly journals POS1456-HPR THE SERUM IRON LEVEL MIGHT BE USEFUL IN DETERMINING THE SEVERITY OF MALNUTRITION IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1012.2-1012
Author(s):  
Y. Matsumoto ◽  
Y. Sugioka ◽  
M. Tada ◽  
T. Okano ◽  
K. Mamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Chugai Pharmaceutical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nutritional Indicator

Background:The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, the first international criteria for diagnosis of malnutrition, was released in 2018 [1]. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are thought to be prone to malnutrition due to decreased food intake and increased muscle catabolism caused by chronic inflammation or pain. However, there has been no report to assess the nutritional status of RA patients in accordance with the GLIM criteria. In addition, commonly used blood nutrient indicators such as albumin might not be appropriate as nutritional indicators for RA because these values are affected by inflammation.Objectives:This study aims to examine the rates of malnutrition in RA patients according to GLIM criteria, and the relationship between blood nutrient indicators and the severity of malnutrition.Methods:In this study, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 135 female RA patients in 2020. According to the GLIM criteria, patients were considered to be malnourished if patients had one of the following phenotypic: (1) low body mass index, (2) non-volitional weight loss, (3) reduced muscle mass, and one of the following etiologic: (1) reduced food intake or assimilation, (2) disease burden/inflammatory condition. Reduced muscle mass was evaluated by measuring calf circumference, and inflammatory condition was evaluated by Disease Activity Score (DAS) 28. In accordance with the GLIM criteria, the severity of malnutrition was judged as three levels: no problem, moderate, and severe malnutrition. Albumin, transthyretin, transferrin, retinol binding protein, zinc, iron, ceruloplasmin, and total cholesterol were assessed as blood nutrition indicators. Also grip strength was assessed. We compared each nutritional indicator among the three groups according to the severity of malnutrition using age-adjusted analysis of covariance, and examined the relationship between each nutritional indicator and the severity of malnutrition using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results:In RA patients, 20% were classified as severe malnutrition, and 40% were moderate or more. Serum iron levels were significantly lower in the severe malnutrition group compared to the no problem group (p = 0.001). In ROC analysis, serum iron, zinc, albumin, and grip strength (area under curve; AUC; 0.680, 0.696, 0.636, 0.790, respectively) were significant parameters for classification of moderate and severe malnutrition. Serum iron and grip strength (AUC for respective parameters were 0.741, 0.747) were significant parameters for classification of severe malnutrition.Conclusion:Evaluation based on the GLIM criteria showed that about 40% of RA patients were under moderate or severe malnutrition. It was suggested that serum iron and grip strength might be useful to predict the severity of malnutrition.References:[1]Cederholm T, Jensen GL, Correia MITD, Gonzalez MC, Fukushima R, Higashiguchi T, et al. GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition – A consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community. Clinical Nutrition 2019; 38: 1-9.Acknowledgements:We thank to Tomoko Nakatsuka, and the Center for Drug & Food Clinical Evaluation, Osaka City University Hospital, for management and collection of the study data. We also thank to study participants.Disclosure of Interests:Yoshinari Matsumoto Grant/research support from: Yamada Research Grant, Yuko Sugioka: None declared, Masahiro Tada: None declared, Tadasi Okano Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahikasei, Astellas Pharma Inc, Ayumi Pharmaceutical, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiich Sankyo, Eisai, Janssen, Lilly, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Novartis Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Teijin Pharma and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Eisai, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation and Nipponkayaku, Kenji Mamoto: None declared, Kentaro Inui Speakers bureau: Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Astellas Pharma Inc., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Abbvie GK, Pfizer Inc., Eisai Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Grant/research support from: anssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Astellas Pharma Inc., Sanofi K.K., Abbvie GK, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., QOL RD Co. Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Daiki Habu: None declared, Tatsuya Koike Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Astellas Pharma Inc, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Janssen, Lilly, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Ono Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Roche, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Teijin Pharma, and UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Astellas Pharma Inc, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Janssen, Lilly, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Ono Pharmaceutical, Pfizer, Roche, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Teijin Pharma, and UCB

scholarly journals Formation of an Export-Oriented Agricultural Economy and Regional Open Innovations

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Victor L. Shabanov ◽  
Marianna Ya Vasilchenko ◽  
Elena A. Derunova ◽  
Andrey P. Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Institutional Management ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Modeling Methodology ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Analysis Application ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the work is to find relevant indicators for assessing the relationship between investments in fixed assets in agriculture, gross output of the industry, and agricultural exports using tools for modeling the impact of innovation and investment development on increasing production and export potential in the context of the formation of an export-oriented agricultural economy. The modeling methodology and the proposed estimating and forecasting tools for diagnosing and monitoring the state of sectoral and regional innovative agricultural systems are used to analyze the relationship between investments in fixed assets in agriculture, gross output of the industry, and agricultural exports based on the construction of the classification of Russian regions by factors that aggregate these features to diagnose incongruence problems and to improve institutional management in regional innovative export-oriented agrosystems. Based on the results of the factor analysis application, an underestimated role of indicators of investment in agriculture, the intensity and efficiency of agricultural production, were established. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, the established five groups of regions were identified, with significant differences in the level of investment in agriculture, the volume of production of the main types of agricultural products, and the export and exported food. The research results are of practical value for use in improving institutional management when planning reforms and transformations of regional innovative agrosystems.

scholarly journals CAD-Based 3D-FE Modelling of AISI-D3 Turning with Ceramic Tooling

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Kyratsis ◽  
Anastasios Tzotzis ◽  
Angelos Markopoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Tapoglou
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Fe Modelling ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
Force Components ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Strong Agreement

In this study, the development of a 3D Finite Element (FE) model for the turning of AISI-D3 with ceramic tooling is presented, with respect to four levels of cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut. The Taguchi method was employed in order to create the orthogonal array according to the variables involved in the study, reducing this way the number of the required simulation runs. Moreover, the possibility of developing a prediction model based on well-established statistical tools such as the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was examined, in order to further investigate the relationship between the cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut, as well as their influence on the produced force components. The findings of this study point out an increased correlation between the experimental results and the simulated ones, with a relative error below 10% for most tests. Similarly, the values derived from the developed statistical model indicate a strong agreement with the equivalent numerical values due to the verified adequacy of the statistical model.

scholarly journals A Possible Role of Copernicus Sentinel-2 Data to Support Common Agricultural Policy Controls in Agriculture

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Filippo Sarvia ◽  
Elena Xausa ◽  
Samuele De Petris ◽  
Gianluca Cantamessa ◽  
Enrico Borgogno-Mondino
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Ndvi Time Series ◽  
Earth Observation Data ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Nw Italy ◽  
Sentinel 2

Farmers that intend to access Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) contributions must submit an application to the territorially competent Paying Agencies (PA). Agencies are called to verify consistency of CAP contributions requirements through ground campaigns. Recently, EU regulation (N. 746/2018) proposed an alternative methodology to control CAP applications based on Earth Observation data. Accordingly, this work was aimed at designing and implementing a prototype of service based on Copernicus Sentinel-2 (S2) data for the classification of soybean, corn, wheat, rice, and meadow crops. The approach relies on the classification of S2 NDVI time-series (TS) by “user-friendly” supervised classification algorithms: Minimum Distance (MD) and Random Forest (RF). The study area was located in the Vercelli province (NW Italy), which represents a strategic agricultural area in the Piemonte region. Crop classes separability proved to be a key factor during the classification process. Confusion matrices were generated with respect to ground checks (GCs); they showed a high Overall Accuracy (>80%) for both MD and RF approaches. With respect to MD and RF, a new raster layer was generated (hereinafter called Controls Map layer), mapping four levels of classification occurrences, useful for administrative procedures required by PA. The Control Map layer highlighted that only the eight percent of CAP 2019 applications appeared to be critical in terms of consistency between farmers’ declarations and classification results. Only for these ones, a GC was warmly suggested, while the 12% must be desirable and the 80% was not required. This information alone suggested that the proposed methodology is able to optimize GCs, making possible to focus ground checks on a limited number of fields, thus determining an economic saving for PA and/or a more effective strategy of controls.

A Functional Reading of the Epicurean Classification of Desires

Apeiron ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Maximilian Robitzsch
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper examines the classification of desires that the Epicureans offer in their writings. It surveys the extant textual evidence for the classification and discusses the relationship between natural and necessary, natural and unnecessary, and unnatural and unnecessary desires. It argues that while the practical significance of the Epicurean classification is clear, which desires fall into which class is not. The paper suggests the reason for this may be that the Epicureans acknowledge some variability in their concept of human nature, arguing for a functional reading of the Epicurean classification of desires.

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) as a community participation model for people with multiple sclerosis: A hierarchical regression analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Joseph Pfaller ◽  
Fong Chan ◽  
Kanako Iwanaga ◽  
Jia-Rung Wu ◽  
Stuart Rumrill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder that impacts more than 400,000 people in the U.S. The disease results in multiple functional impairments that are diverse and varied across individuals. Additonally, MS has a profound impact on community participation which, like other rehabilitation outcomes, cannot be explained on the basis of functional limitations alone. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a model of community participation for people living with MS using the World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework. The model focused on the roles that personal factors have as predictors of community participation, while also serving as mediators and moderators for the relationship between activity limitation and participation. Results from the hierarchical regression analysis indicated that demographic characteristics (i.e. MS type), personal factors (i.e. core self-evaluations (CSE), MS self-management, resilience, and social skills), and activity limitations accounted for 64% of the variance in participation. Further, mediation analysis indicated that CSE mediated the relationship between activity limitation and community participation. Finally, moderation analysis indicated an interaction effect between educational attainment and MS self-management. Implications for future research in rehabilitation and clinical application are discussed.

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