Virtual and Ideal Readers of Browning's “Pan and Luna”: the Drama in the Dramatic Idyl

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty S. Flowers
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Internal Auditor ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Ideal

Most of “Pan and Luna” is addressed not to an internal auditor but to what Gerald Prince calls the “virtual reader,” the reader the author imagines himself or herself to be writing to – in the case of “Pan and Luna,” the Victorian reading public. Prince observes:Every author, provided he is writing for someone other than himself, develops his narrative as a function of a certain type of reader whom he bestows with certain qualities, faculties, and inclinations according to his opinion of men in general (or in particular) and according to the obligations he feels should be respected. This virtual reader is different from the real reader: writers frequently have a public they don't deserve. (9)In addition to the distinction between the virtual reader and the real reader, Prince makes a further distinction between the real reader and the ideal reader. From the writer's point of view, “an ideal reader would be one who would understand perfectly and would approve entirely the least of his words, the most subtle of his intentions” (9).

Construction Scope: Quality, Budget and Timeline ‘Small’ Endeavours, Portuguese Context

2017 ◽  
Vol 864 ◽  
pp. 369-377
Author(s):  
Nuno Dinis Costa Areias Cortiços
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Estate Developer ◽  
Construction Services ◽  
The Ideal

The trinomial of the scope, quality, budget and timeline, is an objective by excellence, pursued by those with an active role in the production process, to which the construction sector is no stranger. The ideal is to ensure the satisfaction of the three parameters/variables, by those who seek construction services: Project Owner. Why the Scope is not reached?! The causes are divided in two levels: insufficient training, rooted in the Sector, that favours informality; and, lack of data to understand the causes, resulting in no definition or application of corrective measures (good practices guides). The focus of this article is the 'small endeavours', managed by: (1) Real Estate Developer, in control of the different phases, from municipal licensing, through the project and construction license, the remaining will be undertaken by a Builder or Investor, for subsequent sale; or (future) Owner without control of the initial decisions; the concerns of the latter are bound by the binomial Timeline and Budget; or, (2) P.O., from the outset, take control of all phases, always faithful to his idea of the Scope; introduces adjustments and changes defending his point of view or interest without the perception of the real impact of those on the overall satisfaction, focused on the fulfilment of quality achieved.

Omitting types and the real line

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1020-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludomir Newelski
Keyword(s):  
Real Line ◽  
Logical Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ground Model ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Family ◽  
Omitting Types ◽  
Countable Theory ◽  
Meager Sets ◽  
The Ideal

We investigate some relations between omitting types of a countable theory and some notions defined in terms of the real line, such as for example the ideal of meager subsets ofR. We also try to express connections between the logical structure of a theory and the existence of its countable models omitting certain families of types.It is well known that assuming MA we can omit <nonisolated types. But MA is rather a strong axiom. We prove that in order to be able to omit <nonisolated types it is sufficient to assume that the real line cannot be covered by less thanmeager sets; and this is in fact the weakest possible condition. It is worth pointing out that by means of forcing we can easily obtain the model of ZFC in whichRcannot be covered by <meager sets. It suffices to add to the ground modelCohen generic reals.We also formulate similar results for omitting pairwise contradictory types. It turns out that from some point of view it is much more difficult to find the family of pairwise contradictory types which cannot be omitted by a model ofT, than to find such a family of possibly noncontradictory types. Moreover, for any two countable theoriesT1,T2without prime models, the existence of a family ofκtypes which cannot be omitted by a model ofT1is equivalent to the existence of such a family forT2. This means that from the point of view of omitting types all theories without prime models are identical. Similar results hold for omitting pairwise contradictory types.

Wilde Crimes: The Art of Murder and Decadent (Homo)Sexuality in Gyles Brandreth's Oscar Wilde Series

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-182
Author(s):  
Susanne Gruss
Keyword(s):  
Oscar Wilde ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
The Real ◽  
Victorian Fiction ◽  
Historical Detail

Gyles Brandreth's Oscar Wilde novels (2007–12) appropriate Wilde for a neo-Victorian crime series in which the sharp-witted aestheticist serves as a detective à la Sherlock Holmes. This article explores Brandreth's art of adapting Wilde (both the man and the works) and English decadent culture on several levels. The novels can, of course, be read as traditional crime mysteries: while readers follow Wilde as detective, they are simultaneously prompted to decipher the ‘truth’ of biographical and cultural/historical detail. At the same time, the mysteries revolve around Wilde's scandalous (homo)sexuality and thus his masculinity. The novels remain curiously cautious when it comes to the depiction of Wilde as homosexual: all novels showcase Wilde's marriage, Constance's virtues, and Oscar's love for his children, and the real ‘Somdomites’ are the murderers he pursues. By portraying these criminals and their crimes, the novels evade the less comfortable, transgressive aspects of Wilde's sexuality and help to reduce him to a thoroughly amusing decadent suitable for a general reading public. Brandreth's novels can therefore be read as a decidedly conservative account of Wilde's masculinity for the market of neo-Victorian fiction.

scholarly journals Medical identity; perspectives of students from two countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Conor Gilligan ◽  
Teresa Loda ◽  
Florian Junne ◽  
Stephan Zipfel ◽  
Brian Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
The Real ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Medical Program ◽  
Polarity Profile ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Background The development of professional identity is a fundamental element of medical education. There is evidence that in Germany, students’ perceptions of the ideal and real doctor differ, and that of themselves as physicians falls between these constructs. We sought to compare students’ perceptions of themselves, the ideal doctor, and the ‘real’ doctor and investigate differences from first to final year in the relationships between these constructs, as well as differences between Australian and German cohorts. Method Students in the first and final years of their medical program at one Australian and one German university were invited to complete the Osgood and Hofstatter polarity profile, involving the description of their mental image of the ideal and real doctor, and the doctor they hope to become, with adjectives provided. Results One hundred sixty-seven students completed the survey in Australia (121 year 1, 46 year 5) and 188 in Germany (164 year 1, 24 year 6). The perception of the ideal doctor was consistent across all respondents, but that of the real doctor and self-image differed between country and year. Differences existed between country cohorts in perceptions of ‘confidence’, ‘strength’, ‘capability’ and ‘security’. Conclusions The pattern previously reported among German students was maintained, but a different pattern emerged among Australian students. Differences between countries could reflect cultural differences or variations in the overt and hidden curricula of medical schools. Some of the constructs within the profiles are amenable to educational interventions to improve students’ confidence and sense of capability.

scholarly journals A Viable Approach to Mitigating Irreproducibility

Stats ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-215
Author(s):  
David Trafimow ◽  
Tonghui Wang ◽  
Cong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bound ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Practical Problem ◽  
The Real ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Real Universe ◽  
The Ideal

In a recent article, Trafimow suggested the usefulness of imagining an ideal universe where the only difference between original and replication experiments is the operation of randomness. This contrasts with replication in the real universe where systematicity, as well as randomness, creates differences between original and replication experiments. Although Trafimow showed (a) that the probability of replication in the ideal universe places an upper bound on the probability of replication in the real universe, and (b) how to calculate the probability of replication in the ideal universe, the conception is afflicted with an important practical problem. Too many participants are needed to render the approach palatable to most researchers. The present aim is to address this problem. Embracing skewness is an important part of the solution.

Public sector values: between the real and the ideal

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Gabel-Shemueli ◽  
Ben Capell
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Ideal

Between Real and Ideal: Documenting Media Art

Leonardo ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Jones ◽  
Lizzie Muller
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Real World ◽  
Media Art ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Real ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Ideal

This paper describes a new approach to documenting media art which seeks to place in dialogue the artist's intentions and the audience's experience. It explicitly highlights the productive tension between the ideal, conceptual existence of the work, and its actual manifestation through different iterations and exhibitions in the real world. The paper describes how the approach was developed collaboratively during the production of a documentary collection for the artwork Giver of Names, by David Rokeby. It outlines the key features of the approach including artist's interview, audience interviews and data structure.

From the Ideal to the Real

1978 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1034
Author(s):  
Cynthia Chase Schipani
Keyword(s):  
The Real ◽  
The Ideal

scholarly journals Investigating the Reading Process by Means of Collaborative Environment

Comunicar ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (33) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adair de Aguiar Neitzel ◽  
Luiz Carlos Neitzel
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reading Process ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Collaborative Environment ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Recursos Humanos

Brazilian research on the determining factors for the success of programs to teach reading indicates a need to view literature as an aesthetic object that will encourage children to appreciate books. This study proposes investigating teachers' concepts of literature, from the point of view of the children. Chat was used as a data collection mechanism, proposed between two groups of elementary school children and interviews with the teachers. The analysis of the chats followed the methodology of Franco (1997). This study indicates three key areas for winning a reading public: a) qualified human resources, with a clear concept of literature as an aesthetic phenomenon; b) methodological procedures that are coherent with this concept; c) a bibliographical archive that is aligned with this concept. Investigaciones brasileñas acerca de los factores determinantes para el éxito de programas de formación de lectores señalan la necesidad del empleo de la literatura como objeto estético para que el niño se aproxime al libro. Esta investigación se propuso estudiar las concepciones de los profesores acerca de la literatura a partir del punto de vista del lector infantil. Se utilizó el chat como mecanismo de recolección de datos, propuesto entre dos clases de la enseñanza fundamental, y entrevistas con las profesoras regentes. El análisis de los chats siguió la metodología de Franco (1997), evidenciando que los docentes no consideran al libro como un objeto estético que necesita ser disfrutado. Esta investigación señala tres ejes básicos para la conquista de un público lector: a) recursos humanos calificados con claridad acerca de la concepción de literatura como fenómeno estético; b) procedimientos metodológicos coherentes con esa concepción; c) acervo bibliográfico ajustado a esa concepción.

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