Time- and place-dependent experiences of loneliness in assisted living facilities

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu H. Jansson ◽  
Antti Karisto ◽  
Kaisu H. Pitkälä
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Assisted Living Facilities ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Method Approach

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to explore feelings of loneliness among residents in assisted living facilities in terms of how loneliness is experienced and articulated, and what specific factors are related to the experiences. The study used a mixed-method approach. We individually interviewed 13 residents twice over six months. We conducted two focus group interviews and noted our observations each time we met the respondents. Data analysis leaned on abductive reasoning. The respondents described loneliness in versatile, rich ways. It proved to be time and place dependent. It was dependent on the time of day, days of the week and seasons. Lonely time was meaningless and filled with a feeling of waiting. Loneliness was also intertwined with place. None of the respondents called their apartment home; instead they called it a hospital, even a prison. They had to spend long periods of time in their apartments against their will, and their desire to interact with other residents was not met. The respondents felt invisible. Residents’ experiences of loneliness in assisted living facilities are unique and distinctive. Time- and place-dependent experiences of loneliness act as important signals for reflection on how care practices in these facilities could be more satisfying. Loneliness should therefore be a key topic and the target of prevention and interventions.

scholarly journals Characteristics of influential peers in the eyes of secondary school students: a mixed method study

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (05) ◽  
pp. 429-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Y. Loke ◽  
Yim-wah Mak ◽  
Cynthia S.T. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Mixed Method Study ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
School Students ◽  
Group Interviews

Aim It is the aim of this study to explore the characteristics of influential peers identified by schoolmates, and the mechanism by which they exert their influence on their peers. Background Adolescent crowds are a salient influence on the health-risk behaviors of peers, contributing to adolescent substance use such as drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes, and taking drugs. Methods A mixed method study. Three schools granted us access to students and those who had been nominated as influential by their peers. The students were asked to nominate and indicated the characteristics of peers whom they considered influential in a quantitative study. Those peers whom they considered influential were invited to take part in focus group interviews. A total of six focus group interviews were conducted, comprised of two groups from each school, with an average of seven participants in each group. Findings Students considered caring and friendliness (91.0%), being a buddy (88.5%), and entertaining/humor (86.8%) as the top three characteristics of influential peers. The interviews revealed that the students believed that they are influential because of their cheerfulness and humor, considerateness, ability to communicate, popularity and sociability, sincerity and trustworthiness, and because they possess the characteristics of a leader. They also believed that their power to influence came about through their helpfulness, accommodation, and the closeness of their relationships. Their influence was manifested in both positive and negative ways on the academic pursuits and health-risk behaviors of their peers. In order to engage at-risk students in health promotion programs, it is important to identify their influential peers, and to understand how adolescent friends may help one another to resist behaviors that pose a risk to their health.

scholarly journals Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia—a mixed-method study to find behavioral leverage for better protocol adherence

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1222-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Wolfensberger ◽  
Marie-Theres Meier ◽  
Lauren Clack ◽  
Peter W. Schreiber ◽  
Hugo Sax
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Mixed Method Study ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Protocol Adherence ◽  
Group Interviews

AbstractObjectivePreventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an important goal for intensive care units (ICUs). We aimed to identify the optimal behavior leverage to improve VAP prevention protocol adherence.DesignMixed-method study using adherence measurements to assess 4 VAP prevention measures and qualitative analysis of semi-structured focus group interviews with frontline healthcare practitioners (HCPs).SettingThe 6 ICUs in the 900-bed University Hospital Zurich in Zurich, Switzerland.Patients and participantsAdherence to VAP prevention measures were assessed in patients with a device for invasive ventilation (ie, endotracheal tube, tracheostomy tube). Participants in focus group interviews included a convenience samples of ICU nurses and physicians.ResultsBetween February 2015 and July 2017, we measured adherence to 4 protocols: bed elevation showed adherence at 27% (95% confidence intervals [CI], 23%–31%); oral care at 41% (95% CI, 36%–45%); sedation interruption at 81% (95% CI, 74%–85%); and subglottic suctioning at 88% (95% CI, 83%–92%). Interviews were analyzed first inductively according a grounded theory approach then deductively against the behavior change wheel (BCW) framework. Main behavioral facilitators belonged to the BCW component ‘reflective motivation’ (ie, perceived seriousness of VAP and self-efficacy to prevent VAP). The main barriers belonged to ‘physical capability’ (ie, lack of equipment and staffing and side-effects of prevention measures). Furthermore, 2 primarily technical approaches (ie, ‘restructuring environment’ and ‘enabling HCP’) emerged as means to overcome these barriers.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that technical, rather than education-based, solutions should be promoted to improve VAP prevention. This theory-informed mixed-method approach is an effective means of guiding infection prevention efforts.

Teachers' Experiences, Attitudes, and Perceptions Towards Early Inclusion in Urban Settings

Inclusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-240
Author(s):  
Sunyoung Kim ◽  
Elizabeth Cambray-Engstrom ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Veronica Y. Kang ◽  
Youn-Jeng Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Special Education Teachers ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Teachers Experiences ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Method Approach

Abstract Given that inclusion benefits all children, it is important to understand why there are discrepancies in its implementation. Understanding teachers' views on inclusion may help identify ways to improve its implementation and prevent disparities. Although teachers' beliefs about inclusion have been widely explored, the beliefs and experiences of early childhood general and special education teachers in urban settings remain relatively understudied. This study explored early childhood educators' perceptions of inclusion in urban schools, using a mixed-method approach. The results from the qualitative focus group interviews (n = 13) reveal that most teachers have positive beliefs about inclusion and that there are specific benefits, challenges, and needs concerning early inclusion in urban settings. The analysis of the survey data (n = 36) shows differences in beliefs about inclusion among teachers of different ages and/or years of experience. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.

Consumer Preferences for Mobile Internet: A Comparative Cross-National Mixed Methods Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1695-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungbum Kim ◽  
Taeyong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Adopter Categories ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Cross National

We use a mixed method to clarify current consumer preferences for mobile Internet and to predict the evolution of mobile Internet. In the first phase, we collected data by conducting focus group interviews with 115 French, German, Italian, and UK individuals aged between 18 and 49 years and analyzed the data using NVivo 7. In the second phase, we collected data using an online survey and analyzed quantitative data to verify and complement the qualitative findings. Qualitative analysis revealed that consumers perceive mobile Internet as a set of 6 service categories. Quantitative analysis showed different preferences across services. Correspondence analysis showed that there were intercountry differences in service preferences, adopter categories, and consumer attitudes. Our results have implications for network operators and mobile phone developers hoping to break into these markets.

scholarly journals Strategies to Improve Information Transfer for Multitrauma Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Calleja ◽  
Leanne M. Aitken ◽  
Marie Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Effective Care ◽  
High Acuity ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Chart Audits ◽  
Improve Access

The aim of this multiphase mixed-method study was to improve access, flow, and consistency of information transfer for multitrauma patients leaving the Emergency Department. Methods included literature review, focus group interviews, chart audits, staff surveys, and a review of international trauma forms to inform an intervention developed with a researcher-led, clinician stakeholder group. Analysis included descriptive and inferential statistics. Baseline data revealed variability existed in patient-care documentation, showing little standardization. Improvement strategies implemented included a gold standard for information embedded in handover tools, raising staff awareness of complexities for information transfer. Improvement was seen in communication between wards coordinating transfer, improved documentation, decreased information duplication, improved legibility, and increased ease and efficiency in navigating to key information. Improvement in communication at patient transition is essential to continuity of safe, effective care, and is impacted by complex interactions between multiple factors. Difficulty increases for patients with high acuity.

scholarly journals Group Music Intervention for Persons With Dementia in Assisted Living: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 842-842
Author(s):  
Hongdao Meng ◽  
Jennifer Bugos ◽  
Debra Dobbs ◽  
Soomi Lee ◽  
Punam Risal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Music Intervention ◽  
Attendance Rate ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Session Attendance ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Group Interviews

Abstract Dementia is the third leading diagnosis among US residents in assisted living communities (ALCs), and agitation is a major challenge for residents, families, and staff. While music interventions in nursing homes and the community have generated promising findings, little evidence of acceptability or efficacy data are available in ALCs. This pilot study tested the acceptability and preliminary efficacy of a staff-led group music intervention among ALC residents with dementia (n=19). We used a mixed-methods pre-post study design. The primary outcome measure was the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory-Short Form (CMAI-SF), and facilitator focus group interviews were conducted to gain additional insight into intervention acceptability and facilitators/barriers to implementation among activity staff. Seventeen (89.5%) participants completed the intervention with a 77% overall session attendance rate. Results suggest that the intervention is well-received by management, family, and activity staff, Implications for intervention design, efficacy testing, and contextual factors related to implementation will be discussed.

scholarly journals Experiencing the Other: Students’ Construal of Intercultural Competence

2018 ◽  
pp. 254-259
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Positive Communication ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Group Interviews

The demographic, technological, economic and peace imperatives have created a world in which our interactions are dominated by cultural differences and our ability to understand ‘the other’. Intercultural competence is thus a necessary skill for individuals to build positive communication with others. This paper explores students’ construal of intercultural competence. Specifically, we highlight their experiences interacting with the other and their understanding of intercultural competence. Using a qualitative approach, focus group interviews were conducted with the selected undergraduate students from three universities in Northern Malaysia. The findings indicate three important themes: attitude, cultural knowledge and language skills. The paper contributes to specific factors needed of intercultural competence within the Malaysian context.

Police body worn cameras: a mixed method approach assessing perceptions of efficacy

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
William V. Pelfrey Jr ◽  
Steven Keener
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Patrol Officers ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Police Community Relations

Purpose The importance of body-worn cameras (BWC) in policing cannot be overstated. This is not a hyperbolic statement – use of force incidents in Ferguson and Baltimore, the ensuing riots, coupled with critical long term implications for police community relations demonstrate the need for BWC data. Few studies have been published on the use of BWCs and little is known about officer perceptions, administrator decision making, and agency use of BWC data. No published studies incorporate qualitative data, which lends important context and depth, in the interpretation of officer survey data. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The current study presents a mixed-method study of a large university police agency prior to full implementation of BWC. A survey of patrol officers and supervisors, using a census approach with near full participation, coupled with focus group interviews, produced data on perceptions, concerns, and expectations of full BWC implementation. Findings Findings point to officer concerns regarding the utilization of BWC data and administrative expectations regarding complaint reduction and officer assessment. Originality/value Important implications regarding training and policy are presented. BWC data represent an important tool for agency decision makers but have numerous potential negative uses. Understanding officer concerns juxtaposed with administrator expectations, through both survey and qualitative data, advance the knowledge on BWC.

Sports brand positioning

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lucy Lee ◽  
Yukyoum Kim ◽  
June Won
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Position ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Consumer's Perception ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the location of sport brands in sport consumers’ minds using a perceptual map of multiple positions; and examine whether there is congruence between the sport brands’ purported images and the targeted consumers’ perception of the brands’ images. Design/methodology/approach A mixed method was used. Four steps of data collections (i.e. face-to-face, focus group interviews, and questionnaires) and analyses (i.e. content analysis, MDS analysis, PROXSCAL analysis, multiple regressions analysis, frequency analysis, and congruence score) were performed. Findings Four positioning typologies (i.e. great quality equipment, equipment for professionals, innovation, and tradition) were identified; each brand’s positions in consumers’ minds were distinctly portrayed in the perceptual map; and the congruence between intended and perceived positions was found in two brands – Titleist and Ping – implying they established a high position-congruity and providing evidence of positioning effectiveness. Practical implications The findings will aid practitioners and scholars in positioning and its effectiveness: the results provide information for managers to select, implement, and manage effective positioning strategies and the study provides initial evidence about whether companies and their brands are well-positioned in the sport consumer’s perception. Originality/value The authors attempt to examine how consumers perceive brands and how effectively brand positions are portrayed in consumers’ minds. The effectiveness and competitiveness of positioning strategies were examined via a perceptional map.

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