“Inter. Pol. by Post” or international relations and foreign policy from the Open University

1976 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Carey

When Philip Reynolds opened the first issue of the British Journal of International Studies with an examination of the “state of the art” in Great Britain,2 he omitted any mention of the Open University as a source of such studies. In the sense that Reynolds was seeking establishments with full-time students of International Studies, the omission was justified; in the sense that the Open University forms a seat of learning whose students are concerned with the study of International Relations, it was not. Indeed, it is possible that the Open University may have, at any one time, more students reading International Relations than any other single institution in the United Kingdom. These several hundreds of part-time students, pursuing the single course under review, are distributed rather unevenly across the face of Great Britain. They have varying access to library facilities; the greatly varying environment of their own homes in which to work; greatly varying amounts of contact with their tutors, either on a “face-to-face” basis or by letter or telephone. In short, the student for whom this course is designed is different – he represents, perhaps, the “new actor” in academic life in Great Britain. He is ignored at our – the traditional academics, – peril, for whilst we may be concerned with standards of academic excellence there are many in high places who now judge success by such criteria as staff-student ratios, cost effectiveness, and the like.

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veland Ramadani ◽  
Robert D. Hisrich ◽  
Leo-Paul Dana ◽  
Ramo Palalic ◽  
Laxman Panthi

Purpose Throughout Macedonia, beekeeping is becoming popular regardless of ethnicity. Studying ethnicity, the purpose of this paper is to determine what beekeepers in Macedonia thought in their own words about their beekeeping entrepreneurship. The objective is to identify whether motivations of ethnic Albanian beekeepers in Macedonia were the same or different compared to those of ethnic Macedonians in the same country, and if different, how. Design/methodology/approach To accomplish this objective, in-depth interviews were conducted with 40 beekeepers in Macedonia. A total of 29 interviews were conducted face-to-face and the other 11 by phone. The first set of interviews took place between December 2016 and February 2017, followed by more interviews in June 2017. In total, 27 respondents said they were ethnic Albanians, and 13 identified themselves as ethnic Macedonians. Also, ten respondents were women. While eight were full-time beekeepers, 32 were part-time beekeepers. Findings The results indicated that beekeeping businesses play a significant role in the transition economy of Macedonia. Beekeeping provides additional earnings that support rural families and keeps them financially stable. The majority of both Albanians and Macedonians understood that beekeeping on a part-time job basis provided a needed supplement to their income. Some part-time beekeepers are also working as auto-mechanics, locksmiths, medical doctors, restaurant/cafeteria owners, and tailors. A few in the sample were retired from their jobs or full-time beekeepers. An important difference between ethnic Albanian beekeepers and ethnic Macedonians in Macedonia is that the majority of ethnic Albanian participants see beekeeping as following in “my father’s footsteps”, while most Macedonians were motivated by the perceived opportunity of having a good business. Research limitations/implications Limitations of the research are twofold. First, financial data of family beekeeping are not available, which would be useful in determining the contribution made to economic development. It is common, especially in transition economies such as the western Balkans, that financial results are very sensitive to their owners. Second, unavailable databases for beekeepers make any quantitative approach difficult, if not impossible, resulting in most research using the qualitative research approach. Originality/value This paper is one of the first to treat beekeeping as a form of artisan entrepreneurship, which also contributes to the understanding of family business. As in other countries, the important and operation of the family business among family members in Macedonia is passed from generation to generation. The results of this research revealed the value of networking, which was found to be very important to income. For beekeepers to develop, grow, and be branded in the community, networking is an important ingredient.


1986 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene M. Lyons

Aside from language, students of international relations in the United States and Great Britain have several things in common: parallel developments in the emergence of international relations as a field of study after World War I, and more recent efforts to broaden the field by drawing security issues and changes in the international political economy under the broad umbrella of “international studies.” But a review of four recent books edited by British scholars demonstrates that there is also a “distance” between British and American scholarship. Compared with dominant trends in the United States, the former, though hardly monolithic and producing a rich and varied literature, is still very much attached to historical analysis and the concept of an “international society” that derives from the period in modern history in which Britain played a more prominent role in international politics. Because trends in scholarship do, in fact, reflect national political experience, the need continues for transnational cooperation among scholars in the quest for strong theories in international relations.


Author(s):  
Roger Lewis

Before the creation of the United Kingdom Open University (UKOU) - its Charter was given in 1969 and the first students were admitted in 1971 - the full-time residential model of higher education was pervasive, with part-time and distance modes of study seen as separate and inferior. The UKOU demonstrated the effectiveness of distance learning but also, because of its success, in some ways inhibited change in the mainstream tertiary sector. As social and political pressures on the sector grew, higher education providers were forced to innovate and models of “open learning” offered ways forward. As a result, the distinction between “distance” and “face-to-face” delivery rapidly eroded during the 1990s. However, barriers still remain to a more radical approach to provision as a whole.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Ushe Mike Ushe

Nigerian universities and other institutions of higher learning have in recent times witnessed unprecedented insecurity, persistent violence and educational backdrop, leading to loss of many lives and properties worth millions of naira across the country. Part of the face out of this scourge is the prevailing case of cultism and other forms of violence in Nigerian universities and other higher educational institutions. This has resulted to gruesome arrest, expulsion and murder of many students on account of cult activities on the campuses and other forms of students’ violence which further exposed our universities to insecurity, ritual murders, drug abuse and use of dangerous weapons by cult groups, victimization and regime of terror against fellow students, lecturers, and anyone that stands in the ways of these cult groups on our campuses. This paper discusses the impacts of cultism and other forms of violence on university campuses in Nigeria as a search for achieving sustainable peace and academic excellence. To explore this change, the study employs survey design, questionnaires and face-to-face interviews in collecting data and analysis. The research findings have shown that cultism and other forms of violence are prevalence in Nigerian universities and have increased tremendously in recent decades, reoccurring almost on daily basis. The paper observed that students’ radical activism and union politics, incapability of university and state authorities to enforce minimum standard of students’ civil behaviors on campuses as well as rivalries between cult groups and the wider campus community has drastically affected educational or academic performance of students in contemporary Nigerian society. The paper recommends the restructuring of university educational policies and curriculum, provision of moral education and non-interference of the government and university authorities in the affairs of students’ union politics and activism.


Author(s):  
Steven Brint ◽  
Jerome Karabel

During the 1970s, the community colleges were finally able to realize the vocationalization project that visionaries in the junior college movement from Koos to Gleazer had favored for almost half a century. Since the 1920s, as we saw in Chapters 2 and 3, the advocates of junior college vocationalization pursued their project in the face of persistent student indifference and occasional overt opposition. But in the early 1970s, a complex concatenation of forces—among them, a changed economic context and an unprecedented degree of support for vocational education from key institutions—including private foundations, the federal government, and business—tilted the balance in favor of the vocationalizers. A key factor behind the sharp increase in vocational enrollments at the community college, we shall argue, was the declining labor market for graduates of four-year institutions. But the objective change in the structure of economic opportunities for college graduates was not, as the consumer-choice model would have it, the sole factor responsible for the shift in junior college enrollments; indeed, the impact of such objective changes is, of necessity, mediated through subjective perceptions—perceptions that, we shall attempt to demonstrate below, tended to exaggerate the economic plight of college graduates. Moreover, the community college itself, driven by a powerful organizational interest in expanded enrollments and in carving out a secure niche for itself in the highly competitive higher education industry, actively shaped its economic environment by pursuing those segments of its potential market—in particular, adults and part-time students— most likely to enroll in occupational programs. By almost any standard, the rise in vocational enrollments during the 1970s was remarkable. Between 1970–1971 and 1979–1980, for example, the proportion of A.A. degrees awarded in occupational fields rose from 42.6 percent to 62.5 percent (Cohen and Brawer 1982, p. 203). With respect to total enrollments (full-time and part-time) the picture was similar: between 1970 and 1977, the proportion of students enrolled in occupational programs rose from less than one-third to well over half (Blackstone 1978). In the midst of a long-term decline in the liberal arts, Cohen and Brawer (1982, p. 23) observed, “occupational education stands like a colossus on its own.”


2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Alex Harrop ◽  
Andy Tattersall ◽  
Adam Goody

A questionnaire was administered to part and full-time students of psychology at Liverpool John Moores University in order to determine the extent to which the part-time students appreciated the course. The results showed the part-time students reported themselves as having gained more from the programme than the full-time students, in terms of support and relationship with tutors, satisfaction with teaching and interest in various aspects of the programme. In terms of perceived changes in skill levels, however, there were no large differences between the two groups.


1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Baumgart

In a study of discontinuing students at Macquarie University major analyses were based on a sample of 444 students divided into four categories: students still persisting in Term 3 of second year, students who discontinued during first year, students who voluntarily discontinued after first year, and students excluded because of failure at the end of first year. Multiple discriminant analyses were used to relate potential predictors to category membership. Predictors included both entry and process variables. Results are reported separately for full-time and part-time students, and for males and females within these categories. The major findings carry implications for those who need to make management decisions in relation to higher education. Additionally, the paper attempts to highlight some of the design problems inherent in correlational studies and to present selected methodological strategies used in this study to minimize the effects of these problems.


ملخص: هدفت الدراسة إلى التحقق من “مستوى الرضا الوظيفي لدى الأكاديميين بالجامعات الفلسطينية في قطاع غزة من خلال دراسة مقارنة بين العاملين في كلية العلوم الإدارية والاقتصادية في جامعة القدس المفتوحة وكلية العلوم الإدارية والمالية -جامعة غزة”، وقد أجريت الدراسة على عينة قوامها (47) على أساس المسح الشامل للعينة من خلال تصميم استبانه خاصة بالدراسة من (18 فقره)، وقد بلغ عدد الأكاديميين المتفرغين وغير المتفرغين في كلية العلوم الإدارية والمالية-جامعة غزة (33)، و(14) أكاديمي متفرغ في كلية العلوم الإدارية والاقتصادية في جامعة القدس المفتوحة، وتم إجراء التحليل الإحصائي على الاستبانات التي تم استرجاعها والصالحة للتحليل (41) استبانه، (12 من القدس المفتوحة بنسبة 29.26% و 29 من جامعة غزة بنسبة 70.74%)، وقد توصلت الدراسة للعديد من النتائج والتوصيات أهمها: – عدم رضا الأكاديميين عن المردود المالي ومناسبته للأعباء الأكاديمية الملقاة على عاتقهم، إلا أن المقارنة بين الجامعتين أظهرت أن الرضا عند الأكاديميين في جامعة القدس المفتوحة أعلى في هذا الجانب نظراً لعمر وعدد الطلاب الملحقين بها، كما أظهرت الدراسة الحالية أن الرضا الوظيفي يتناسب طردياً مع الارتقاء بالرتبة العلمية. – وقد أوصت الدراسة بوجوب تحفيز الأكاديميين في كليات العلوم الإدارية والمالية على البحث العلمي وزيادة الإنتاجية العلمية التي تؤهلهم للترقية، وذلك لارتباطها المباشر بالرضا الوظيفي. Abstract The study aimed at verifying the level of Job Satisfaction Among the Academics in the Palestinian universities in Gaza Strip through conducting a comparative study among the employees in the College of Administrative Sciences and Economics at Al Quds Open University and the Faculty of Administrative and Financial Sciences at University of Gaza. The study was conducted on a sample of (47) on the basis of complete surveying of the sample through designing a special questionnaire for the study which consists of (18 items). The number of the full-time and part-time academics at the Faculty of administrative and financial Sciences of Gaza University was (33), and (14) full-time academics from the College of administrative Sciences and Economics of Al Quds open University. Statistical analysis was conducted on the questionnaires that have been retrieved and were valid for analysis and they were (41) questionnaires (12 questionnaires from Al Quds Open University with percentage of 29.26% and 29 from Gaza University with percentage of 70.74%). The study came up with several conclusions and recommendations, including:Dissatisfaction among the academics on the financial incomes and its relevance of the academic load placed on their shoulders, but the comparison between the two universities showed that the satisfaction among the academics at Al Quds Open University is higher in this aspect due to the age , the size and the number of its students, The current study showed that job satisfaction is directly proportional to the promotion of the academic degree. The study recommended the necessity to stimulate academics in Faculty of Administrative and Financial Sciences on scientific research and increasing the scientific productivity, which enables them to promotion, because of its direct connection with job satisfaction.


Author(s):  
Василий Алексеенко ◽  
Vasiliy Alekseenko ◽  
Оксана Жиленко ◽  
Oksana Zhilenko

The manual outlines the basic principles of design of low-rise buildings with walls of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks. Variants of design of low-rise buildings, selection of the main bearing and protecting designs and their connections are considered. The main purpose-to acquaint students and technical workers with the principles of design of buildings with walls of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, realizing the advantages of autoclaved cellular concretes. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. For full-time and part-time students of the direction of training "Construction".


2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bangcheng Liu ◽  
Jianxin Liu ◽  
Jin Hu

Based on a survey of 259 full-time employees in the public sector who were also part-time students for the Master of Public Administration program at a prestigious university in eastern China, it was found that person-organization (P-O) fit is a good predictor of job satisfaction and turnover intention in a Chinese context. In contrast to previous findings, the results of competition model analysis indicate that job satisfaction does work as a full mediator between P-O fit and turnover intention. In fact, P-O fit affects turnover intention through job satisfaction as a mediator.


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