The cultural ID in the modal system: A contrastive study of English abstracts written by Chinese and native speakers

English Today ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weina Li
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
System A ◽  
Writing Paradigm ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Academic Communication ◽  
Academic Authors

An abstract is a brief summary of a research paper, review or conference proceeding, which can be considered as a sub-register of academic writing and is often used to help readers quickly ascertain the paper's purpose, thesis, main results and conclusions. With the development of international academic communication, English abstracts play an increasingly vital role in international publishing and academic papers, being the basis for international academic citation indexes. UNESCO prescribes that all published scientific articles, no matter in which language, require a succinct English abstract. Most literature database search engines, such as the EI index, only display abstracts rather than providing the full text of the paper. Since an unsuccessful English abstract would be detrimental to the whole paper as well as to the general quality of the journal, no academic authors would want to lower their guard. In this context, the study of linguistic features of academic abstracts has attracted more and more attention of EAP scholars. The studies on English abstracts in China mainly focus on the writing paradigm as well as such linguistic features as stylistics, textual coherence, grammatical patterns, tense, voice and usage of prepositions (Xiong, 2002; Li et al, 2004; Wang, 2005; Fan, 2006; Li, 2008; He & Cao, 2010).

scholarly journals A multi-dimensional contrastive study of English abstracts by native and non-native writers

Corpora ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Cao ◽  
Richard Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Communicative Functions

This article takes the multi-dimensional (MD) analysis approach to explore the textual variations between native and non-native English abstracts on the basis of a balanced corpus containing English abstracts written by native English and native Chinese writers from twelve academic disciplines. A total of 47 out of 163 linguistic features are retained after factor analysis, which underlies a seven-dimension framework representing seven communicative functions. The results show that the two types of abstracts demonstrate significant differences in five out of the seven dimensions. To be more specific, native English writers display a more active involvement and commitment in presenting their ideas than Chinese writers. They also use intensifying devices more frequently. In contrast, Chinese writers show stronger preferences for conceptual elaboration, passives and abstract noun phrases no matter whether the two types of data are examined as a whole or whether variations across disciplines are taken into account. The results are discussed in relation to the possible reasons and suggestions for English abstract writing in China. Methodologically, this study innovatively expands on Biber's (1988) MD analytical framework by integrating colligation in addition to grammatical and semantic features.

Novel Approach of Improving Secondary Electron Detector in FIB System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Wang ◽  
Jim McGinn ◽  
Peter Tvarozek ◽  
Amir Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Electron Detector ◽  
System A ◽  
Novel Approach

Abstract Secondary electron detector (SED) plays a vital role in a focused ion beam (FIB) system. A successful circuit edit requires a good effective detector. Novel approach is presented in this paper to improve the performance of such a detector, making circuit altering for the most advanced integrated circuit (IC) possible.

Markers of identification in Indigenous academic writing: A case study of genre innovation

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shurli Makmillen ◽  
Michelle Riedlinger
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Genre Studies ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Rhetorical Genre ◽  
Academic Genres

AbstractThis study contributes to research into genre innovation and scholarship exploring how Indigenous epistemes are disrupting dominant discourses of the academy. Using a case study approach, we investigated 31 research articles produced by Mäori scholars and published in the journal AlterNative between 2006 and 2018. We looked for linguistic features associated with self-positioning and self-identification. We found heightened ambiguous uses of “we”; a prevalence of verbs associated with personal (as opposed to discursive) uses of “I/we”; personal storytelling; and a privileging of Elders’ contributions to the existing state of knowledge. We argue these features reflect and reinforce Indigenous scholars’ social relations with particular communities of practice within and outside of the academy. They are also in keeping with Indigenous knowledge-making practices, protocols, and languages, and signal sites of negotiation and innovation in the research article. We present the implications for rhetorical genre studies and for teaching academic genres.

scholarly journals ESSENTIAL FEATURES OF EFFECTIVE ACADEMIC WRITING IN ENGLISH

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Lysanets ◽  
O.M. Bieliaieva ◽  
L.B. Slipchenko ◽  
K.H. Havrylieva ◽  
H.Yu. Morokhovets
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Academic Standards ◽  
Medical Setting ◽  
British Council ◽  
Academic Communication ◽  
English Academic Writing

The article discusses the features of academic writing in English based on the recommendations from the British Council in Ukraine in the framework of the “Researcher Connect” project, aiming to facilitate the transition to academic standards of English and improve the academic discourse produced by non-native language users. The authors outline major tendencies in the modern English language as pertains to written discourse and provide recommendations for rendering academic writing persuasive. It is a well-established fact that academic writing in English possesses unique features, which must be respected and taken into account. Hence, a transfer of academic norms from a person's mother tongue to English can be a challenge, which may impair the quality of academic writing. Presenting the research results without consideration of academic norms, grammar, and lexical features of English academic writing can lead to mistakes and misunderstanding, and result in a written work of poor quality, even if the research findings are valid. The mechanisms of improving the academic writing skills during the study of English for Academic Communication with due account for relevant grammar and lexical peculiarities have been explored. Therefore, the major challenge for researchers is the difficulty in transition to academic standards of a foreign language. The article discusses the surface and the deeper purposes in any academic writing; the significance of understanding one’s audience; the concepts of persuasion, clarity, and conciseness, as well as grammar and lexical means for achieving them. Developing the communication skills of Ukrainian scientists is crucial for successful international communication and cooperation. The study of potential difficulties, which the Ukrainian medical professionals may face in the process of academic writing in English, is important for developing the guidelines to eliminate possible mistakes and avoid misunderstanding in a medical setting. Further study of the peculiarities of academic writing in English will contribute to the optimization of international professional communication, the expansion of inter-institutional dialogue, and the integration of Ukraine into the world community.

scholarly journals Move Structure of Research Article Abstracts on Management: Contrastive Study (the Case of English and Russian)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Zanina
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Academic Communication

Although a plethora of papers have proved a seminal role of move-based genre analysis in cross-linguistic research of academic communication and EAP/ESP teaching and learning, there is a lack of respective linguistic or pedagogically motivated studies of research articles (RAs) and their parts aimed at comparing English and Russian. Using Hyland’s (2000) 5-move model, the current research seeks to determine the most obvious cross-linguistic differences in the move structure of abstracts of research articles on management for these languages. Based on a move analysis of the English- and Russian-language corpora each comprising 20 unstructured RA abstracts, the research revealed conformity of most English-language abstracts to Hyland’s model, while the Russian abstracts principally displayed a three-move structure containing ‘purpose’, ‘method’ and ‘product’, and included the ‘introduction’ and ‘conclusion’ moves only occasionally. Other significant discrepancies comprised the English-language authors’ tendency to provide precise or detailed indication of research methods and results, in contrast to their brief indication or over-generalized mentioning by Russian writers, as well as greater length of the English-language abstracts and their stricter concordance to standard move sequence than those of the Russian abstracts. Though the research was conducted on relatively small corpora and was descriptive in nature, its findings might be of interest to genre analysts as well as to L2 theorists and practitioners.

scholarly journals Research-based College English Blended Teaching of Fashion Major: A Case Study of Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Weili Zi ◽  
Yiling Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Language Education ◽  
College English ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
Communication Ability ◽  
Research Ability ◽  
Beijing Institute ◽  
Academic Communication ◽  
Blended Teaching

With the further development of “the reform and open”, and the strategically stable advancement of “going out”, there is increasingly demand for foreign language talents and foreign language education. Research-based College English Blended Teaching just adapts to the national demand for international fashion talents with the international vision and the ability to participate in the international competition, which also provides us with opportunity to integrate the information technology with subject teaching. With the A-level class of grade 2018 from Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology (BIFT) as the case, the blended teaching theory as the guidance, this research presents the way of practice in research-based college English blended teaching by making use of the instrumental features of college English with the aim of cultivating students' professional research ability and academic communication ability. The study shows that remarkable results have been achieved in research-based blended teaching after three-semester practice-students could independently deliver academic presentation and conduct research in English individually or collaboratively in the professional field. The practice and exploration of the efficiency in research-based College English blended teaching could enhance the ability of academic presentation and academic writing of fashion majors, and promote their academic achievements for high-quality international fashion talents. Therefore, research-based College English blended teaching, integrating English skills with professional knowledge, is proved to be definitely instructive, implicational and exemplary to reform college English teaching in fashion field.

scholarly journals Business recommendation based on collaborative filtering and feature engineering – aproposed approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2614
Author(s):  
Prakash Pandharinath Rokade ◽  
Aruna Kumari D
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Filtering ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Features Selection ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Feature Based

Business decisions for any service or product depend on sentiments by people. We get these sentiments or rating on social websites like twitter, kaggle.  The mood of people towards any event, service and product are expressed in these sentiments or rating. The text of sentiment contains different linguistic features of sentence. A sentiment sentence also contains other features which are playing a vital role in deciding the polarity of sentiments. If features selection is proper one can extract better sentiments for decision making. A directed preprocessing will feed filtered input to any machine learning approach. Feature based collaborative filtering can be used for better sentiment analysis. Better use of parts of speech (POS) followed by guided preprocessing and evaluation will minimize error for sentiment polarity and hence the better recommendation to the user for business analytics can be attained.

Automatically Augmenting Academic Text for Language Learning

2018 ◽  
pp. 512-537
Author(s):  
Shaoqun Wu ◽  
Alannah Fitzgerald ◽  
Ian H. Witten ◽  
Alex Yu
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
British Library ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Lexical Bundles ◽  
English Writing ◽  
Design Considerations

This chapter describes the automated FLAX language system (flax.nzdl.org) that extracts salient linguistic features from academic text and presents them in an interface designed for L2 students who are learning academic writing. Typical lexico-grammatical features of any word or phrase, collocations, and lexical bundles are automatically identified and extracted in a corpus; learners can explore them by searching and browsing, and inspect them along with contextual information. This chapter uses a single running example, the PhD abstracts corpus of 9.8 million words derived from the open access Electronic Theses Online Service (EThOS) at the British Library, but the approach is fully automated and can be applied to any collection of English writing. Implications for reusing open access publications for non-commercial educational and research purposes are presented for discussion. Design considerations for developing teaching and learning applications that focus on the rhetorical and lexico-grammatical patterns found in the abstract genre are also discussed.

Role of Communicational Collaboration With Governmental Organizations as Stakeholder Groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 136-156
Author(s):  
Zeynep Genel
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Reputation Management ◽  
Essential Point ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
System A ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Congruity Theory

By the increasing awareness of managers about the vital role of brands, the intangible elements of brands such as image and value become primary issues of their strategic plans. The widened communication platforms forced the significant role of reputation to sustain corporation life cycle, and this challenge triggers the recent discussion of reputation management. From this aspect, it can be seen that, for any organization, building the stakeholder communications and interactions accurately and maintaining the strong cooperation and communication with them play positive roles in organizational reputation. As well as the components of a strong reputation, the essential point is to understand the eco-system of communication. For this purpose, the chapter explains the communication eco-system of a corporation in terms of stakeholders, and the role of stakeholders in ultimate reputation is grounded on the congruity theory. As an example of the stakeholder role on communication eco-system, a qualitative research is applied in the research part.

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