Trafficking in women in the late 19th – early 20th century (on the example of Sub-Russian Ukraine)

The article considers trafficking in women in the late nineteenth – early twentieth century as a problem of international scale. The author identifies the Russian Empire and Sub-Russian Ukraine in particular as one of the world's supply centers, the so-called “living goods”, mainly to Turkey and the Americas (the USA, Argentina, Brazil). The existence of an extensive system for organizing the recruitment of girls, in particular the institute of agents engaged in the search for “white slaves” are analyzed, the examples of methods they used (from press announcements and offers of high-paying jobs to fictitious marriages with fake passports) are given, the passive role of the state in preventing human trafficking is demonstrated (the term of punishment of agents was minimal, cases were often closed in the absence of witnesses, and police received bribes from the owners of brothels). The main factors causing the spread of trafficking in women in Sub-Russian Ukraine were material. Against the background of modernization and urbanization, further development of capitalist relations, expansion of the entertainment industry, officially legalized prostitution, the institution of family and marriage is being transformed, which also affected the growth of international trafficking in women in the early twentieth century. The world community began an active fight against trafficking in women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, holding international congresses in London and Frankfurt am Main. However, the active fight against human trafficking was hampered by imperfect legislation in most countries and sometimes by the lack of laws under which organizers of trafficking in women could be prosecuted. The active work of the Russian Society for the Protection of Women in the early twentieth century, in particular its Odessa branch, led to the development and implementation of the relevant law and the holding of the All-Russian Congress in the fight against trafficking in women.

Rethinking Global Governance: The replication of “joined-up government” on the global scale in the prevention and combatting of trafficking in women for the purposes of sexual exploitation

<p>The paper discusses the Blair Administration’s policy of “joined-up government” beginning in Britain in 1997. The paper then moves to the international sphere to discuss various anti-slavery instruments focusing on the trafficking in women for the purposes of sexual exploitation. The paper identifies global coordination efforts to prevent and combat trafficking in persons. In particular, the establishment of the Inter-Agency Coordination Group Against Trafficking in Persons in 2007 provides a prime example of such efforts. The paper then describes how the policy of joined-up government has been replicated the global scale. The paper names this phenomenon “globally joined-up governance”.</p>

Rethinking Global Governance: The replication of “joined-up government” on the global scale in the prevention and combatting of trafficking in women for the purposes of sexual exploitation

<p>The paper discusses the Blair Administration’s policy of “joined-up government” beginning in Britain in 1997. The paper then moves to the international sphere to discuss various anti-slavery instruments focusing on the trafficking in women for the purposes of sexual exploitation. The paper identifies global coordination efforts to prevent and combat trafficking in persons. In particular, the establishment of the Inter-Agency Coordination Group Against Trafficking in Persons in 2007 provides a prime example of such efforts. The paper then describes how the policy of joined-up government has been replicated the global scale. The paper names this phenomenon “globally joined-up governance”.</p>

Penegakan Hukum Perdagangan Perempuan (Trafficking In Women) Diwilayah Hukum Pengadilan Negeri Pekanbaru

Terdapat beberapa kendala yang menyebabkan tindak pidana perdagangan perempuan masih terus saja terjadi, yaitu diakibatkan krisis ekonomi dan krisis moral rendahnya sanksi pidana,.Sebagai lembaga penegak hukum adalah Pengadilan Negeri Pekanbaru berfungsi untuk memeriksa, memutus, dan menyelesaikan perkara salah satunya perkara pidana untuk rakyat pencari keadilan di Wilayah Pekanbaru).Penelitian ini tentang Penegakan hukum perdagangan perempuan (Trafficking in women) diwilayah Pengadilan negeri Pekanbaru terdiri dari dua masalah pokok yaitu : 1.Bagaimana penegakan hukum tindak pidana perdagangan perempuan (trafficking in women) di wilayah Pengadilan Negeri Pekanbaru?, Bagaimana prosedur penyelesaian dalam penegakan hukum perdagangan perempuan (trafficking in women) di wilayah Pengadilan Negeri Pekanbaru?Untuk mendukung penelitian tersebut,penulis menggunakan metodelogi penelitian Hukum yuridis normatif dan Sosiologis dimana penelitian untuk melihat korelasi antara hukum dengan masyarakat yang terjadi dalam putusan di Pengadilan Negeri Pekanbaru. Sumber data berasal dari data primer yaitu berkas perkara,UU PTTPO,KUHP,KUHAP.

Analisis Hukum Terhadap Anak Sebagai Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang

Point of this study is as follows: (a) What are the legal rules for the protection of children as victims of trafficking in persons, (b) What are the factors causing the crime of trafficking in women and children in North Sumatra, (c) What are the policies carried out by the women's empowerment office? and children in North Sumatra in preventing and overcoming traffickers against children. The type of research in this writing is normative legal research. Normative or doctrinal legal research, namely legal research that uses secondary data source research. The results of the research and discussion in this study are: The Legal Rules for the Protection of Children as Victims of Trafficking in Persons are as follows: (a) Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection; (b) Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21 of 2007 concerning Eradication of the Crime of Trafficking in Persons; (c) Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection; (d) North Sumatra Province Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2014 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection. Factors Causing the Crime of Trafficking in Women and Children in North Sumatra: Several factors that cause child trafficking include the following: (a) Poverty; (b) Low Education Level; (c) Victims of Parental Divorce; (d) Early Sexual Experience; (e) Job Seekers. Policies in overcoming criminal acts of protecting people are carried out in three ways, namely: (a) Primary Prevention, (b) Secondary Prevention, (c) Tertiary Prevention.

The History of the Global Anti-Human Trafficking Agenda, with a Focus on Prostitution and Sexual Exploitation

Heli Askola examines the early history of international instruments for the suppression of the trafficking in women and children involved in so called ‘white slavery’ as precursors to the more recent developments relating to human trafficking. She challenges the notion of the linear progression in the development of the law and illustrates that the contests between various NGOs and government organizations meant that this development was neither smooth nor uncontested.

LACK OF EDUCATION AND INFORMATION AS A CAUSE OF TRAFFICKING OF WOMEN FOR SEXUAL EXPLOITATION

Trafficking of women for sexual exploitation, as one of the most common forms of human trafficking, affects all countries regardless of the level of development, and all social groups, regardless of financial security, level of education, and other important parameters. Having in mind the core problems that victims of human trafficking (especially women) face, this paper, in addition to a general review of the causes of human trafficking and general observations on trafficking in women and elements of sexual exploitation, focuses on one of the most important causes of trafficking in women for sexual exploitation in modern society. We are talking, of course, about the lack of education and information. There is no doubt that education and information are very important factors in preventing the trafficking of women for sexual exploitation. The development of the preventive concept of meaningful education and information concerning women, who are very often a socially, culturally, economically, and politically vulnerable category, must not be neglected. Also, a systematic approach to education, thorough information of professionals in the field of protection of (potential) victims of trafficking and social workers, should be of key importance, for society to systematically oppose the phenomenon of trafficking.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN LABOUR AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING LAW ON WOMEN

This study aims to analyze implementation of human rights in economic field and role of the Government, Educational Institutions and Non-Governmental Organizations in the prevention and control of trafficking in women. How to achieve the goal, is done by empirical studies and documentation studies, to obtain primary and secondary data. This research is descriptive analytical. The approach method used is empirical juridical. Data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner. Factors that cause the implementation of human rights in the economic field have not been fully realized because between legal policies and legal implementation have not been running consistently and simultaneously. The realization of human rights in the economic field is still only limited to issues and has not become a concrete implementation. The role of the Government in the prevention and overcoming of trafficking in women is still limited to political will by the issuance of a law that ratifies the ASEAN Convention Against Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, then followed by Institutional Infrastructure Compilation. The role of Educational Institutions and Non-Governmental Organizations in the prevention and prevention of trafficking in women, has responded with action, prevention and handling of trafficking in women, through the socio-economic empowerment of families and advocacy in handling cases of trafficking in women. The struggle and movement for the achievement of feminism justice, in the economic field is carried out by empowering the family economy, improving education and expanding access to job search for women by utilizing information technology.